Download Plate Tectonics, Section 1

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CHAPTER
17
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Plate Tectonics,
Section 1
As you read Section 1, answer the following questions.
Restless Continents (p. 456)
1. Is the Earth beneath your feet moving?
Discoveries of Earth's Interior
(p. 456)
2.
are the
caused by
3. Name the five layers of the Earth.
4. Why do scientists measure these changes?
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Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift
(p. 457)
that
5. Is it
and
2
were once
is the theory that
from one
6
continents can
another and have done so in the
also explained why
7. Continental
of the same
species are found on
of the
Sea-Floor Spreading
and
sides
(p. 458)
are
8. Mid-ocean
chains in Earth's ocean
9. Is the oldest crust close to or farther away from the mid-ocean ridge?
mountain
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS
107
Class
Date
Name
Chapter 17, Section 1, continued
10. The process by which
oceanic lithosphere
at mid-ocean ridges is known as
11. What happens when tectonic plates move away from each other and the sea floor
spreads apart?
Magnetic Reversals
(p. 459)
12. What is the Earth's polarity now?
years ago, Earth had a
13. But over
14. What is it called when the Earth's magnetic field changes?
, the
in which these tiny
is set in
16. The magnetic
points in the
of the
direction as Earth's
occurs,
17. When a magnetic
new bands
18. Which way does the rock's magnetic field point?
The Breakup of Pangaea
(p. 460)
19. What name did Wegener give to the one huge continent?
20. When do scientists believe Pangea split up?
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HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
point
rock
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15. Once the molten rock
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Date
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CHAPTER
17
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Plate Tectonics,
Section 2
As you read Section 2, answer the following questions.
The Theory of Plate Tectonics (p. 461)
1. Do scientists really know why tectonic plates move?
Possible Causes of Tectonic Plate Motion
(p. 461)
is the
2.
that the
into
that
of the
is
around on
by the outward
3. These changes are
of
from
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Tectonic Plate Boundaries
4.
within the Earth.
(pp. 462-463)
tectonic plates have
other
5. Tectonic plates can
6. When
with
, or
past each
tectonic plates
between them is a
, the
7. Define convergent.
8. List the three types of convergent boundaries.
9. What happens when a continental/continental collision occurs?
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS
109
Date
Name
Class
Chapter 17, Section 2, continued
10. What happens when a continental/oceanic collision occurs?
11. What happens when an oceanic/oceanic collision occurs?
tectonic plates
between them is a
12. When
, the
13. Define divergent.
14. What is another name for a divergent boundary?
15. The most common divergent boundaries are
18. Fill in the chart below with the type of boundary found at each location.
Type of boundary
Place
Aleutian Islands
a.
Himalayas
b.
Andes
c.
Mid-Indian Ridge
d.
Tectonic Environments
19. The position of a
(p. 464)
plate is called its
110 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
within a
past
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tectonic plates
, the boundary between them is a
each other
boundary.
17. Give an example of a transform boundary.
16. When
•
Name
Date
Class
CHAPTER
17
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Plate Tectonics,
Section 3
As you read Section 3, answer the following questions.
Deforming the Earth's Crust (p. 465)
1. How long does it take for tectonic plates to diverge?
Stress and Strain
2.
(p. 465)
is any
or
3. In other words,
4. When enough
rock, the rock will become
•
Folding and Faulting
5.
causes
is
(p. 465)
is a type of
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that occurs
because of
is a type of
6.
when rock
Building Mountains
on a
, or
when rock
•
in a rock's
caused by
that occurs
because of
(pp. 466-467)
7. In fact, the
are really a
of
, long
called the
mountains form from the
8. Large numbers of
created by
9. Fault-block mountains form when
downward as the
away from each
plates
blocks of crust
tectonic
REINFORCEMENT FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS 111
Name
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Class
Chapter 17, Section 3, continued
10. Parts of the asthenosphere then
11. The
12. When
, forming bodies of
then
, where it forms a
mountains.
plates
plate is
toward the
of
, generally
13. Define subducted.
14. Instead, the rocks at the plate boundary slowly smash
each other,
of paper.
15. As you saw at the beginning of this chapter, some of the
like
in the world
in this
Uplift and Subsidence
16.
(pp. 468-469)
is the
of regions of Earth's
is the
of regions of Earth's
17
crust to
18. Fill in the concept map below.
Because the
C- - - - I
)
I
lithosphere now takes up
the ocean floor subsides
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crust to