Download CHAPTER 5 CIRCULATION

Do Now
• What is the
strongest
muscle in
your body?
CHAPTER 5
CIRCULATION
Miss Sabia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtLKuUdMk5I
Standards
• 1.2f-circulatory system moves materials
from one cell to another, responding to
changing demands
• 1.2j-disease???
• LE Skill #8-ID pulse points and pulse rates
Chapter Project
• Write a story from the point of view of a
red blood cell as it travels through the
body.
Section 1
THE BODY’S
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
Essential Question
• 1. What is the function of the
cardiovascular system?
• 2. What is the path taken by red blood
cells in the body?
Cardiovascular System
• The cardiovascular system, or
circulatory system, carries needed
substances to cells and carries waste
away from cells.
• Composed of:
– Heart
– Blood vessels (veins & arteries)
– blood
Movement of Materials
• Needed materials:
– Oxygen
– Glucose
– Nutrients (from digestion)
• Waste materials:
– Carbon dioxide
The Heart
• The heart is a hollow,
muscular organ that
pumps blood
throughout the body
• Each time it pumps, it
pushes blood through
the blood vessels
The Heart’s Structure
• Left side and a right side,
upper chamber and lower
chamber
• Upper chamber: atrium
– Receives blood that enters
heart
• Lower chamber: ventricle
– Pumps blood out of heart
Do Now
• Label: right
atrium, left
atrium, right
ventricle, left
ventricle
The Heart’s Structure
• Atria are separated
from the ventricles by
valves
• A valve is a flap of
tissue that prevents
blood from flowing
backward
How the Heart Works
• Contract—pumps blood forward
• Relax—heart fills with blood
• A heartbeat (lub-dub) is heard during the
pumping phase
– Lub—valves close between ventricles and atria
– Dub—valves close between ventricles and blood
vessels
Blood Vessels
• Arteries: blood vessels that carry blood away from
the heart
• Veins: blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
• Capillaries: tiny vessels where substances are
exchanged between the blood and body cells (located
between veins and arteries)
The Path of Blood
• 1. blood enters heart through vena cava (vein)
and goes into right atrium
• 2. right ventricle
• 3. pulmonary artery
• 4. lungs
• 5. pulmonary vein
• 6. left atrium
• 7. Left ventricle
• 8. Aorta (artery) sends oxygenated blood to rest
of body
Section 2
A CLOSER LOOK AT BLOOD
VESSELS
Essential Question
• How do the structures of the different
blood vessels aid in their functions?
Arteries
• Thick walls give arteries strength and
flexibility
• Allows them to withstand the pressure of
blood pumped by the heart
Veins
• Thinner walls than arteries
– don’t need to withstand as much pressure, because
they are not receiving blood directly from the heart
• Blood flows through veins by…
– Contraction of nearby muscles helps push blood along
in veins
– Contain valves that prevent backflow of blood
– Breathing movements force blood towards the heart
(squeezing pressure)
Capillaries
• Recall…
– Capillaries: tiny vessels where substances are
exchanged between the blood and body cells
(located between veins and arteries)
• Blood  Cells:
– Oxygen
– Glucose
• Cells  Blood:
– Cellular waste
Pulse
• You can feel your pulse on the inside of
your wrist or on your neck
• Caused by expansion and relaxation of the
artery wall
Section 3
BLOOD AND LYMPH
Red Blood Cells
• Red blood cells (RBC): take up
oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to
cells in the body
– Produced in the bone marrow
• Mostly made of hemoglobin, a
protein that binds to oxygen
molecules
– When hemoglobin combines with
oxygen, it makes the blood cells bright
red
White Blood Cells
• White blood cells (WBC): fight disease
– Some recognize disease-causing agents
– Some produce chemicals to fight the invaders
– Some surround and engulf (and kill) the invaders