Download Reconstruction 1 Ratify 2 Involuntary Servitude 3 13th Amendment 4

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Reconstruction
Ratify
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Involuntary
Servitude
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13th Amendment
Officially approve a law
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Amendment
(change) in the US
Constitution
Adopted in 1865
Bans slavery
Bans involuntary
servitude (being
forced to serve
someone)
The process the federal government used
to help the Confederate States (South) to
rejoin the Union (United States)
Being forced to serve someone
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Lincoln’s Plan
For Reconstruction
President
Abraham Lincoln’s
Plan (simplified)
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Freedmen’s Bureau
Andrew Johnson
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Southern states should:
 Quickly form new
governments
 Send representatives
to Congress
 Rejoin the Union
Key is on
forgiving the South
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Became President
after Lincoln was
killed
Democrat
Former slave owner
Stubborn
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A general amnesty for all willing to take an
oath of loyalty to the United States
States must pledge to obey all federal laws
regarding slavery
High Confederate officials and military leaders
would temporarily be excused from actions
during the Civil War
States that had one-tenth of the citizens swear
loyalty to the union would be allowed to
reform their governments and send
representatives to Congress
A federal agency to assist former slaves
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Set up schools and hospitals for AfricanAmericans
Distributed clothes, food and fuel throughout
the South
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Amnesty
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Johnson’s Plan
for Reconstruction
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Pardon
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President
Andrew Johnson’s
Plan (simplified)
To officially allow someone who has
been found guilty of a crime to go
free without being punished
The President should handle
the Reconstruction Plan
(not the Congress)
An official order by the government that
allows a group of people to go free
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A state must repeal its secession
State governments must ratify the 13th
Amendment (no more slavery)
States must accept the supreme power of the
federal government
Amnesty offered to most white Southerners
No pardons for high Confederate officials or rich
white landowners
Property would be returned to Southerners in
exchange for a pledge of loyalty to the United
states
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Black Codes
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Radical Republican’s
Plan for
Reconstruction
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Radical
Republicans
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Radical
Republican’s
Plan (simplified)
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A group of congressmen (senators &
representatives)
Wanted to create a new order for the
South
Wanted to give
African- Americans
full citizenship and
the right to vote
The federal government should remake
southern politics and society
African-Americans should be given full
citizenship
The key to making this
happen is in holding
the South responsible
- difficult at best.
Laws passed by Southern
states
Limited freedom of
former slaves
African Americans had to
have proof of
employment or they
could be made to work on
plantations
African Americans could
not meet in unsupervised
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Southern states forced ratify the 14th
Amendment for admittance to Union/Congress
Created a new order for the South
Gave African Americans full citizenship and the
right to vote
High ranking & wealthy landowning
Southerners would have restricted rights
High ranking & wealthy landowning
Southerners would be held responsible for
actions during the Civil War
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Civil Rights
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Rise of AfricanAmericans in
government
14th Amendment
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Impeach
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Amendment (change) in the US Constitution
Adopted in 1868
Anyone born or naturalized in the United states including former slaves - citizens of the US
Formally accuse the president or a
government official of improper
conduct
while in
office
Those rights granted
to all citizens
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Members of the Republican Political Party
Ministers, teachers, skilled Workers
More than 600 African-Americans served as
senators and
representatives
in state
legislatures
14 United States
congressman
were AfricanAmerican
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Acquitted
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Naturalization
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40 Acres and a
Mule
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Sharecropping
Citizenship given to a person
born outside of the United States
A system in which landowners gave
farmworkers (former slaves & poor
whites) 1land, 2seed and 3tools in return
for a part of the
crops they
raised. The
system kept the
freedmen poor.
Found not guilty
of a crime
A rumor that said that all freedmen would get
40 acres (land) and a mule. Most freedman
never received the land or had it taken from
them by the former landowners.
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Ku Klux Klan
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Lynching
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President
Ulysses S. Grant
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15th Amendment
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Killing AfricanAmericans by
hanging with a
noose.
Freedmen were
killed on the spot
without a trial for
punishment for a
“crime”.
Amendment (change) in the
U.S. Constitution
Adopted in 1870
Citizens could not be
stopped from voting
because of race,
color, or previous
condition of servitude
Radical Racist Group
whose goals were:
 restore Democratic
control of the South
 Keep former slaves
powerless
 Keep a racially and
morally pure America
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18th President of the
United States
Republican Party
Supported rights of
African-Americans
rights including voting
Passed tough
laws against the
Ku Klux Klan
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Depression
Suffrage
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U.S. v. Cruikshank
U.S. v. Reese
A period of time in a country when
many people lose their jobs due to
the failure of banks
and businesses.
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The Supreme Court ruled in favor of white
Southerners who kept African-Americans from
voting.
Allowed
states to
require
poll
(voting) taxes (poor could
not afford to vote), literacy
tests
(many could not read or write).
The right to vote
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The Supreme Court ruled that the federal government could
not punish individuals who violated the civil rights of
African-Americans.
The Court declared that only states had that power.
As a result, violence against African-Americans increased.
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Poll Taxes
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Literacy Tests
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Compromise
of 1877
Required citizens to pass a reading test before they
were allowed to vote. Many African-Americans
could not read so they were not able to vote.
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Removal of federal troops from the
South
Government loans and land grants
for construction of railroads to
connect the South to the West
Coast.
Federal money for construction and
improvement projects in the South.
Democrats would promise to
respect the rights of AfricanAmericans’ civil and political
rights.
Tax that is collected before a citizen is allowed
to vote. Poor African-Americans were not able
to afford the tax so they were not able to vote.
The Supreme Court ruled that the
separation of races in public
accommodations (schools, etc.) was legal.
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Jim Crow
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Racism
The belief that
some people
are inferior
(have less value)
because of
their race.
Laws meant to
enforce
separation of
black and
white people.