Download Compare and Contrast Process in Plants and

Compare and Contrast Process in Plants and
Animals: Transport and Circulation
by CHED on June 16, 2017
lesson duration of 50 minutes
under General Biology 2
generated on June 16, 2017 at 10:40 pm
Tags: Compare and Contrast Process in Plants and Animals: Transport and Circulation
CHED.GOV.PH
K-12 Teacher's Resource Community
Generated: Jun 17,2017 06:40 AM
Compare and Contrast Process in Plants and Animals: Transport and
Circulation ( 2 hours and 50 mins )
Written By: CHED on July 19, 2016
Subjects: General Biology 2
Tags: Compare and Contrast Process in Plants and Animals: Transport and Circulation
Resources
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Content Standard
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
1. Plant and Animal Organ Systems and their Functions
2. Feedback Mechanisms
Performance Standard
The learners shall be able to:
develop a presentation (e.g. role-playing, dramatization and other forms of multimedia) to show how an organism
maintains homeostasis through the interaction of the various organ systems in the body
Learning Competencies
Compare and contrast the following processes in plants and animals: reproduction, development, nutrition, gas
exchange, transport/circulation, regulation of body fluids, chemical and nervous control, immune systems, and sensory
and motor mechanisms
Introduction 10 mins
1. The learning objectives will be communicated to the class.
2. Tell the class that transport in animals is basically due to the circulatory system. A cardiovascular system consists of
the heart, blood and blood vessels. The heart pumps the blood which circulates to other body parts through blood
vessels. Along the way, nutrients and other substances are delivered to body tissues and wastes are removed to be
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excreted out from the body.
Teacher Tip: “Transport” and “Circulation” are interchangeable terms although the term “transport” usually
applies to structures that deliver water and substances throughout the plant body. “Circulation” as a term is
more applicable to animals
Motivation 10 mins
1. Show the class a cut celery stick. The big holes they see are huge xylem cells. Describe the importance of transport
in organisms.
2. Show a model of the human heart. Ask learners the function of the heart in transport. Ask learners if they remember/
know any parts of an animal’s heart.
Teacher Tip: The heart is the pump that pushes blood to the lungs for oxygenation and delivers it to different
body parts. It consists of several chambers, muscles and are connected with blood vessels.
Instruction 90 mins
Plant Transport
1. Ask
learners
to recall
functions
of xylem
phloem
from
1. The
current
topic
is mentioned
in the
1. Ask
thethe
learners
to recall
thethe
functions
of xylem
andand
phloem
from
BIOBIO
1. The
current
topic
is mentioned
in the
chapterononNutrient
Nutrientprocurement
procurementbut
butit itmay
mayalso
alsobebereviewed
reviewedhere.
here.Plant
Planttransport
transportinvolves:
involves:(A)
(A)absorption
absorptionofofwater
water
chapter
through the roots and (B) up and down movement of substances in phloem.
Absorptionofofwater
waterplus
plusmacronutrients
macronutrientsand
andmicronutrients
micronutrientsthrough
throughthe
theroot
rootsystem
systemisispossible
possiblebybydiffusion.
diffusion.Root
Root
A.A.Absorption
hairsincrease
increasethe
thesurface
surfacearea
areaforfortransport.
transport.Water
Watermolecules
moleculespass
passthrough
throughthe
theepidermis,
epidermis,cortex,
cortex,endodermis
endodermisand
and
hairs
pericycle; then they move upwards by means of xylem vessels.
Phloemcells
cellstransport
transportsubstances
substancessuch
suchas
asproducts
productsofofphotosynthesis,
photosynthesis,water
waterand
andother
othercompounds
compoundsup
upand
anddown
down
B.B.Phloem
theplant
plantbody.
body.Phloem
Phloemtissues
tissuesare
areadjacent
adjacenttotocompanion
companioncells
cellsthat
thatgive
givethem
themsupport
supportand
andnourishment.
nourishment.There
Thereare
are
the
twomajor
majorhypotheses
hypotheseson
onhow
howsubstances
substancescan
canmove
moveup
upand
anddown
downthe
theplant
plantbody.
body.These
Theseare
are(i)(i)Ascent
Ascentofofxylem
xylemsap
sap
two
and (ii) Pressure flow or bulk flow.
Ascentofofxylem
xylemsap
sapisisexplained
explainedasasa a“push”
“push”from
frombelow
belowbybythe
thewater
watermolecules
moleculesgushing
gushingupwards
upwardsthrough
throughxylem
xylem
i. i.Ascent
vessels. ItIt can
can also
also be
be described
described as
as “pull”
“pull” from
from above
above by
by aa combination
combination of
of transpiration
transpiration (evaporation
(evaporation of
of water
water from
from the
the
vessels.
plant body) and cohesion of water molecules through hydrogen bonds.
Pressureflow
flowororbulk
bulkflow
flowmaintains
maintainsthat
thatininthe
theplant
plantthere
thereisisaasource
sourcecell
celland
andaasink
sinkcell.
cell.AA“source”
“source”cell
cellisiswhere
where
ii.ii.Pressure
photosynthesis
occurs
a “sink”
is where
nutrients
needed.
definitely
source
cells.
photosynthesis
occurs
andand
a “sink”
cell cell
is where
the the
nutrients
are are
needed.
LeafLeaf
cellscells
are are
definitely
source
cells.
Sucroseand
andother
othersubstances
substancesaccumulate
accumulateininthe
thesource
sourceand
anddue
duetotohigh
highconcentration
concentrationthey
theyflow
flowdown
down(or
(orup)
up)where
where
Sucrose
theyare
areneeded.
needed.Sink
Sinkcells
cellsare
aregrowing
growingparts
partsof
ofthe
theplantsplants-buds,
buds,flowers,
flowers,fruits,
fruits,root
roottips.
tips.In
Inthis
thisway,
way,phloem
phloemtissues
tissues
they
carry
materials
down
Xylem
adjacent
to phloem
tissues
water
easily
diffuse
xylem
carry
materials
down
andand
up. up.
Xylem
lies lies
adjacent
to phloem
tissues
andand
water
maymay
easily
diffuse
fromfrom
xylem
to to
phloem.Materials
Materialsare
aretransported
transportedup
upand
anddown
downthe
theplant
plantbody
bodybybyaacombination
combinationofofthe
theactions
actionsofofphloem
phloemand
andxylem
xylem
phloem.
cells.
Teacher Tip:Be
Tip:Be guided by an atlas of heart anatomy.
Animal Circulation
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Withvisual
visualaids
aidsmake
makea alecture
lectureononanimal
animalcirculatory
circulatorysystems.
systems.Discuss
Discussthe
the“evolution”
“evolution”ofofthe
theheart
heartininvertebrates.
vertebrates.
1.1.With
Fish have
have one
one atrium
atrium and
and one
one ventricle.
ventricle. Amphibians
Amphibians have
have two
two atria
atria and
and one
one common
common ventricle
ventricle where
where oxygenated
oxygenated and
and
Fish
deoxygenated blood
blood mix.
mix. In
In mammals
mammals and
and birds
birds there
there is
is aa complete
complete separation
separation of
of the
the four
four chambers
chambers of
of the
the heart
heart by
by aa
deoxygenated
tissue, called the septum.
2. Trace
the path
of blood
in Systemic
Pulmonary
Circulation.
Mention
the major
arteries,
2. Trace
the path
of blood
in Systemic
and and
Pulmonary
Circulation.
Mention
the major
arteries,
veinsveins
and and
heartheart
chambers where blood flows through. Show the class the major valves between the heart chambers.
Practice 20 mins
1. If available, dissect a pig’s heart. Show the major chambers and valves of the heart.
Evaluation 10 mins
1. A short quiz may be given to compare and contrast plant and animal transport mechanisms.
2. The path of blood in systemic versus pulmonary circulation may be followed through a diagram.
ASSIGNMENT
1. Research on the following technologies related to the circulatory system.
A. Pacemaker
B. Electrocardiograph (ECG)
C. Stethoscope
D. Defibrillator
E. Sphygmomanometer
F. Computerized axial tomography (CAT)
G. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
2. Research on the following diseases of the circulatory system.
A. Hypertension
B. Aneurysm
C. Rheumatic heart disease
D. Stroke
E. Leukemia
F. Sickle-cell anemia
G. Atherosclerosis
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H. Thrombosis
I. Hemophilia
Teacher Tip: Topics can be assigned to volunteer pairs/ groups. One pair/ group will discuss the technologies
and another group will discuss the diseases. If many pairs/ groups volunteer to report, they will draw lots to
determine who will report. Other groups will be given a chance to report in future topics. The rest of the class
will evaluate the group report based on the following:
A. Content B. Creativity C. Delivery
Enrichment 30 mins
1. Watch a video on animal circulation. Use the following guide questions:
I. How do animals transport materials inside their bodies?
II. What structures are necessary in animal transport?
III. State the function of the following components of animal transport: heart, blood and blood vessels.
2. You may put on the board cut-outs/ drawings of the parts of the circulatory system. Call on learners to go the board,
get a part then describe the main features and functions of the part.
Download Teaching Guide Book 0 mins
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