Download Female Breast Anatomy

Breast Anatomy
Mr. Van Saders
9th Grade Health
Breast
 The structure of the female breast is
— including fat and
connective tissue, as well as lobes, lobules, ducts and lymph nodes
 Glandular tissues:
produce milk.
are small
passages connected to the nipples
 Nipples: have tiny
connected to the ducts that release
milk in breast feeding women.
 Supporting tissues is made up of fatty tissue and
.
They
the lobes ducts and blood vessels.
 Lymph vessels are connected to
under the
arms that help fight infections.
 Breasts may grow at different
and be different
.
 Changes in the breast are
a sign of a serious
problem and most women experience some changes in
their breasts during their lives.
A. ducts
B. lobules
C. dilated section of duct to
hold milk
D. nipple
E. fat
F. pectoral's major muscle
G. chest wall/rib cage
Enlargement:
A. normal duct cells
B. basement membrane
C. lumen (center of duct)
Female Exam:
Step 1: Self- Breast Exam
 Begin by looking at your breasts in the mirror with
your shoulders straight and your arms on your hips.
 Here's what you should look for:
 breasts that are their usual
,
, and
.
 breasts that are evenly shaped without visible
distortion or swelling.
 If you see any of the following changes, bring them to
your doctor's attention:
 nipple discharge
 dimpling, puckering, or bulging of the skin.
 a nipple that has changed
or an inverted
nipple (pushed inward instead of sticking out).
 redness, soreness, rash, or swelling.
Step 2 and 3- Self- Breast Exam
 raise your arms and look for the same changes
 While you're at the mirror, gently
each
nipple between your finger and thumb and check
for
(this could be a milky or yellow
fluid or blood).
Step 4: Self- Breast Exam
 Feel your breasts while
, using your right
hand to feel your left breast and then your left hand to feel
your right breast. Use a firm, smooth touch with the first
few fingers of your hand, keeping the fingers flat and
together.
 Cover the entire breast from top to bottom, side to side—
from your collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and
from your armpit to your cleavage.
 Follow a
to be sure that you cover the whole
breast. You can begin at the nipple, moving in larger and
larger circles until you reach the outer edge of the breast.
You can also move your fingers up and down vertically, in
rows, as if you were mowing a lawn. Be sure to feel all the
breast
: just beneath your skin with a soft touch
and down deeper with a firmer touch. Begin examining
each area with a very soft touch, and then increase
pressure so that you can feel the deeper tissue, down to
your ribcage.
Step 5- Self- Breast Exam
 Finally, feel your breasts while you are standing or
sitting. Many women find that the easiest way to feel
their breasts is when their skin is
and
,
so they like to do this step in the shower. Cover your
entire breast, using the same hand movements
described in Step 4.
Breast Cancer
 Breast cancer is the
most common form of cancer in
females. No one knows what causes breast cancer, so there is
little to prevent it. Over 175,000 women and 1,500
.
 Diagnosis: Self examination, mammogram (40) – X-ray of the
breast, clinical breast exam – doctor, ultrasonography, fine
needle aspiration biopsy, core biopsy (larger needle) surgical
biopsy
 Uncontrollable Factors: 50 years old or older (80% of the
cancers in this age group), having had breast cancer,
radiation, family history, early menstruation - before 12 or late
menopause - 55.
 Controllable Factors:
, alcohol abuse, estrogen
replacement therapy,
.
Signs of Breast Cancer:
 Signs:
 Lump in the breast or armpit
 Puckering of the skin
 Unusual
in size or shape or one breast
 Unusual
of the upper arm
 Enlargement of the
nodes
 Change in the skin of the nipple

of the skin in the breast or nipple
 Unusual
from the nipple

veins on the surface of the breast.
Facts:
 One in eight women will be
with breast cancer in
their lifetime.
 Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in
women.
 Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among
women.
 Each year it is estimated that over 220,000 women in the United
States will be diagnosed with breast cancer and more than
40,000 will die.
 Although breast cancer in
is rare, an estimated 2,150 men
will be diagnosed with breast cancer and approximately 410 will
die each year
 Male breast cancer occurs when
cells form in the
tissues of the breast
 Men have breast tissue that
in the same way as
breast tissue in women, and is susceptible to cancer cells in the
same way