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The Olympians
The Major Gods and Goddesses of
Greek Mythology
MOUNT OLYMPUS
Home of the Gods
Mount Olympus is the
mythical home of the Greek
gods and an actual mountain
in Greece
The 12 Olympians (the major
gods & goddess) resided in
Zeus’ palace on the peak of
Mt. Olympus.
ZEUS
Supreme Ruler of the Gods,
husband to Hera (though not
faithful).
Led brothers & sister (Poseidon,
Hades, and Hera) in a revolt
against parents
(Titans: Cronus & Rhea)
He is lord of the sky; his weapon
is the mighty thunderbolt
(lightning bolt)
He falls in love frequently
and has many children
HERA
Zeus’ sister and his wife
Protector of marriage and
Queen of Olympus
Mother of: Ares, Hephaestus,
and Hebe
Very jealous of Zeus’ other
lovers; punishes them by
putting curses on their
children.
The Peacock is her symbol
because of her beauty.
Known for her fiery temper
POSEIDON
Ruler of the Seas and Oceans
Second most powerful, after
Zeus. Wife is Thetis, the
water-nymph
Weapon is the trident
Greedy, fickle, argumentative,
could cause calm waters or a
violent storm
Created the Horse for his
sister, Demeter
HADES
Lord of the Underworld
Ruler of the Dead
Keeps to himself, cold and
calculating
Possessive of all the souls of
the Underworld
Kidnapped Persephone
(Demeter and Zeus’
daughter) to have as his wife
& goddess of the
Underworld
DEMETER
Goddess of Agriculture, crops
and harvest
Her moods affect the seasons
She lives on Earth, not on Mount
Olympus
In the fall & winter seasons, she
mourns her daughter Persephone
who was stolen by Hades to be his
queen in the underworld
PERSEPHONE
Goddess of Spring
Daughter of Zeus & Demeter
She was Kidnapped
by Hades, to be his queen in
the Underworld.
Spends Half the Year
in Hades (fall/winter –
when her mother is
sorrowful), Half on Earth
(spring/summer – caused by
her mother’s happiness)
ATHENA
Goddess of Battle & Wisdom
While adopted by Hera,
she is the daughter of Zeus only
(sprang from his head fully armored).
The city of Athens is named after
Athena. She was Zeus’ favorite child.
She hated Ares the God of War, often
beating him in battle.
She taught men to use tools, and
taught women to weave cloth.
Created: chariot, horse bridle,
trumpet, flute, rake, plough, and ship.
ARES
God of War
Cruelest of all the Olympians,
displayed the worst of
humanity’s traits
Hated by all, even his mother
& father: Zeus & Hera
Ironically, he was a coward
when losing, fleeing the
battlefield. He was ruthless
when winning.
Roams the earth with Grief,
Strife, Panic and Terror.
HEPHAESTUS
God of Fire and the Forge
He is the only “ugly” god,
rejected by his mother Hera
and thrown off Mt. Olympus.
When he became a master
craftsman, they brought him
back.
Husband of Aphrodite
The Blacksmith God - Great at
metal-working, created armor
for gods & heroes
APHRODITE
Goddess of Love and Beauty
She sprang from the white
beauty of sea foam
The most beautiful goddess,
envied by the others after Paris
chooses her as the “fairest”
Wife of Hephaestus
She had many affairs with gods
and mortal men
Aphrodite was pulled through
the sky by a swan-drawn cart
APOLLO
Twin Brother of Artemis, son
of Zeus & Leto
God of Light and Truth,
Music, Wisdom, Poetry and
Medicine.
Most handsome, athletic,
intelligent, and honest
(never told a lie)
The lyre is his instrument &
laurel is his tree
He drove his chariot across the
sky each day to pull the su
A wreath of laurels was given to
poetry contests winners
ARTEMIS
Goddess of the Moon
and the Hunt
Twin Sister of Apollo,
daughter of Zeus & Leto
Lady of the Wild Things, rules
over all the untamed places
on earth.
She is a huntress but demands
mortals pay for killing
defenseless animals
Weapon: silver bow and
arrows
DDionysus
TThe god of Wine and
Grapes
The only god to have a
mortal parent
He is two-sided: he is the
gentle planter of the vine,
AND the wild drinker
inspiring others to
misbehave
Athens dedicated its
springtime drama festival
to the god, so he is also
seen as god of the theater.
HERMES
Messenger of the Gods
Son of Zeus and Maia
Appears the most often
of all the gods due to his job
Mischievous and clever
Gave Apollo the lyre and
pipe-Apollo gave Hermes
the Caduceus
Zeus gave Hermes his job
and winged cap and sandals
to help him with his duties.
Carries a Apollo’s golden
staff.
HESTIA
Goddess of the Hearth &
Home
Sister to Zeus, daughter of
Cronos and Rhea
She only appears in a few
myths – represents security
and communal happiness.
Greeks honored Hestia with
their dinnertime prayers,
asking her to bless their food
and protect their homes.
HEBE
Goddess of Youth
Cupbearer of the Gods
Daughter of Zeus & Hera
Only job was to hold her
father’s cup
The cup contained the
nectar of the gods
(ambrosia)