Download chapter 17 section 3 note sheet

U.S. History II Chapter 17 Section 3 A New Foreign Policy (p. 598­603) The Panama Canal 1. The U.S. saw the need for a waterway to link _____________________ and Pacific Oceans for shipping purposes and so that the ______________ could move faster in times of war. 2. Building the Canal • Panama was owned by _________________________. • The _________________________ had tried to build a canal through Panama in the late 1800’s, but gave up the project due to _______________________ and ___________________________________ after ______________ years. • France after its concession rights to the U.S. for $_____________ million. • When the price fell to $___________million, Congress passed the __________________________________ in 1902 authorizing the purchase of the French rights. • The U.S. had to work out a lease agreement with _____________________. • Columbia did not want to work out a lease, wanting to wait for the rights to expire so it could charge a higher price. • The U.S. secretly told the French company that they would not intervene if a __________________ was planned against Columbia. • A revolt took place in ________________________________ with U.S. warships waiting offshore to supply aid to the rebels. • The U.S. immediately recognized an independent _________________________. • Panama signed the ________________________________________ Treaty giving the U.S. a permanent grant of a ____________‐mile wide strip of land for a canal zone that the U.S. would control. • Panama received a payment of $_______________ million. • Construction of the canal began in ________________, with workers being brought in from several countries. • The canal was completed in _______________, __________ months ahead of schedule and $______________ million under budget. 3. Reaction to the Canal • Some opponents disagreed with the tactics Roosevelt used to gain control of the canal zone, but most Americans agreed with his actions. • In 1921, Congress voted to pay Columbia $_______________ million for causing the revolt in Panama. Roosevelt’s Big Stick 1. Roosevelt followed the proverb “speak softly and carry a big stick”. His big stick was the ________________. 2. The Roosevelt Corollary • Between 1904 and 1905, Roosevelt issued messages to Congress that became known as the ________________________________ to the Monroe Doctrine. • He denied that the U.S. wanted any more territory. He said that the U.S. would intervene in American countries to prevent intervention from ________________________________. • When ___________________________________ went bankrupt and the European nations threatened to intervene to collect their money, the U.S. stepped in and took control of its __________________________ and paid its European debt. • Under Roosevelt, U.S. intervention in _________________________________ became common. • This angered many Latin American countries as well as Congress. 3. Roosevelt as Peacemaker • Roosevelt wanted to protect an open door policy in ___________________. • Security in Asia was threatened by the ________________________________ War, which began in 1904. • _____________________ military power outmatched Russia’s; _________________ requested peace talks. • Roosevelt was concerned with Japan’s growing _______________________________. • In August, 1905, _____________________________ negotiated a peace agreement in the Russo‐Japanese War. • He persuaded Japan to be satisfied with __________________________ of land and control of ___________________ instead of a huge payment of money. • He got Russia to promise to leave ___________________________, which remained part of China. • Roosevelt kept China opened to trade with all nations, earning him the _______________________________________________. Foreign Policy After Roosevelt 1. Taft and Dollar Diplomacy • __________________________________________ was elected in 1908. He had previously served as Secretary of War and headed the commission that governed the ________________________________. • His main foreign policy goals were to maintain the open door policy in Asia and preserve stability in _______________________________. • He felt the U.S. should maintain orderly societies abroad by increasing ______________________________ in foreign economies. • Dollar Diplomacy increased U.S. involvement abroad, but was not always profitable. • It also created enemies in _________________________________ because many local revolutionary movements opposed American influence. 2. Wilson and the Mexican Revolution • In 1911, a revolution forced Mexico’s longtime dictator, _____________________________, to resign. • He was replaced by _________________________________, who was overthrown and killed by _____________________________________. • Wilson refused to recognize Huerta’s government despite his promise to protect foreign investments. • This ended Dollar Diplomacy; the U.S. would now use _____________________ and ________________________________ standards to make foreign policy decisions. •
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Wilson helped another Mexican leader, _____________________________________ make military progress against Huerta by blocking all munitions trying to reach Huerta’s army. In April 1914, when some American sailors were arrested in _________________, Wilson sent the navy to occupy _________________________. Over ________________ Mexicans died resisting the occupation. On July 15, __________________ resigned in favor of ___________________________. Wilson withdrew the ________________. A rebel leader who opposed Carranza, ______________________________, began terrorizing Americans and attacking border towns in the United States. On March 9, 1916, he and his men crossed the border and attacked ________________________________, burning it to the ground and killing __________ people. Wilson sent General __________________________________, with more than ______________________ troops to pursue Villa in Mexico. Carranza demanded that they leave. After some bloody conflicts, Wilson withdrew the troops in _____________. This soured relations with the 2 countries for years to come. •
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Vocabulary Concession Review Questions 1. How did the United States secure the rights to build the Panama Canal? 2. Why did Roosevelt issue the Roosevelt Corollary? 3. How did people in Latin America and the United States react to the Roosevelt Corollary? 4. What was Dollar Diplomacy? 5. Why did Taft’s dollar and Wilson’s actions in Mexico anger many Latin Americans? 6. Why do you think the U. S. adopted a new foreign policy in the 1900’s? Was this new policy justified?