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Plants and light • • There are seven basic requirements that plants need in order to grow properly: temperature, light, water, air, nutrients, time, and room to grow. Plants can be grown both indoors and outdoors for food, shelter, clothing, medicine, energy, and pleasure. Leaves are made to catch light and have openings to allow water and air to come and go. The outer surface of the leaf has a waxy coating called a cuticle which protects the leaf. Veins carry water and nutrients within the leaf. Leaves are the site of the food making process called photosynthesis. In this process, carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll (the green pigment) and light energy are changed into glucose (a sugar). This energy rich sugar is the source of food used by most plants. Photosynthesis is unique to green plants! Photosynthesis supplies food for the plant and oxygen for other forms of life. © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk A green plant helped make the oxygen you are breathing today Put a plant in a dark cupboard. What happens? © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk Seed growth Plenty of light and water Leaves develop © Parents in Touch Flowers bloom www.parentsintouch.co.uk © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk R OOTS Most green plants have underground roots. The roots hold the plants in the ground and take in nutrients and water. Some roots are swollen and contain food. Roots grow down because of gravity. © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk Different types of plants have different kinds of roots. Plants that grow in ponds have roots. Some plants have roots that are long and thick. These roots normally grow straight down into the soil. Dandelions have roots like this. The roots of trees grow down into the ground © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk The roots of the tree spread out around as the tree grows. Some plants store food in their roots. These are roots that we eat. Turnips and carrots are types of roots we eat. © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk Growing Plants Indoors Light Plants grown indoors like bright light. Windows facing the south or west have the best light. Try to place the plants close to the window to take advantage of all the light. The further away from the window, the darker it becomes. A plant will tell you when it isn't getting enough light, because its stems will be thin and it will lean toward the light. If you don't have a bright window, try using grow lights. Remember to have the light about six inches above the plants and leave it on for 1416 hours each day © Parents in Touch www.parentsintouch.co.uk