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Name_______________________________ Chemistry: Naming Compounds Essential Question: What are the rules for naming a compound and writing its formula? Vocabulary: monatomic ion polyatomic ion binary compound ionic compound molecular compound acid base Introduction to the Periodic Table In order to write a formula or name a compound, you need to understand relationships among the elements as shown by their position on the Periodic Table. 1. Metals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics: a. __________ oxidation numbers (the apparent charge on an atom in a compound) b. __________ at room temperature (except for ____________) c. Metallic ____________ d. __________ of heat and electricity e. __________ (can be pounded into a sheet) and __________ (can be drawn into a wire) 2. Nonmetals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics: a. Can be found in all three phases of matter at room temperature: Solids- ____________________________________________ Liquid- ________________ Gases- __________ elements (H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2) and the ___________ gases (He, Ar, Ne) b. __________ conductors c. Oxidation numbers- ________________ 3. Metalloids are also called ____________ and are found on top and under the ____________ on the right. a. Properties of both __________ and ___________ b. Names and symbols: ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ *****Rules for Naming Binary Ionic Compounds***** 1. Name and write the ____________ first and then the ____________. 2. Change the name of the nonmetal by adding the suffix ___________. Examples: ____________ carbon ____________ fluorine ____________ nitrogen ____________ chlorine ____________ oxygen ____________ bromine ____________ hydrogen ____________ iodine ____________ phosphorus ____________ sulfur 3. Sum of the positive and negative oxidation numbers must be ____________. 4. Use Roman Numerals when the metal has more than one oxidation number. These are ___________ Metals in the center of the Periodic Table. Name the metal, then use a Roman Numeral of the ____________ __________ of the metal, then name the nonmetal. This is called the Stock System. 5. When a metal becomes an ion with a positive charge, it is called a ____________. When a nonmetal becomes an ion with a negative charge, it is called an ____________. Practice Naming Binary Ionic Compounds 1. Name the following binary ionic compounds. ____________________ NaCl ____________________ BeBr2 ____________________ AlCl3 ____________________ LiF ____________________ CaO ____________________ KI 2. Name the following binary ionic compounds that contain Transition Metals using Roman Numerals. ____________________ MnO2 ____________________ Au2O ____________________ FeCl3 ____________________ HgBr2 3. Write the correct formulas for the following binary ionic compounds. ____________________ chromium (III) oxide ____________________ lead (IV) iodide ____________________ silver chloride ____________________ tin (II) bromide *****Rules for Naming Binary Molecular Compounds***** 1. Binary molecular compounds form between two different ____________. 2. Use the same rules as for naming binary ionic compounds, using Roman Numerals if nonmetal has more than one positive oxidation number. 3. Alternative Method: Use ____________ for the number of atoms of each nonmetal in the formula. (If there is only one atom of the first element, do not use a prefix.) Prefixes: _____ one, _____ two, _____ three, _____ four, _____ five, _____ six Practice Naming Binary Molecular Compounds 1. Name the following using both methods. Roman Numeral Prefixes CO2 _________________________ _________________________ NO2 _________________________ _________________________ SO3 _________________________ _________________________ P2O5 _________________________ _________________________ N2O4 _________________________ _________________________ 2. Name the following binary molecular compounds containing hydrogen. ____________________ HCl ____________________ HBr ____________________ H2S ____________________ HF ____________________ H2O ____________________ HI *****Rules for Naming Binary Acids***** 1. Binary acids are water ____________ of certain binary hydrogen compounds. 2. Change the –ide ending to __________. Practice Naming Binary Acids Name the following acids. ____________________ HCl (aq) ____________________ HBr (aq) ____________________ H2S (aq) ____________________ HI (aq) *****Rules for Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions***** 1. A polyatomic ion contains two or more elements bonded together with a __________. See Table E. 2. Name the __________ and then the polyatomic ion. Practice Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions 1. Name the following. Use Roman Numeral when necessary. ____________________ NH4Cl ____________________ NaNO3 ____________________ CaCO3 ____________________ Fe(ClO3)3 ____________________ Mg(HCO3)2 ____________________ ZnSO4 2. Write formulas for the following. Balance the charges of the metal and polyatomic ion. ____________________ potassium oxalate ____________________ gold (III) chlorate ____________________ sodium thiosulfate ___________________copper (II) hydroxide *****Rules for Naming Acids with Polyatomic Ions***** Another way to form an acid is to combine ____________ with a polyatomic ion. 1. If the polyatomic ion ends in –ite, the acid ends in –ous. Example: _______________NO2- _______________ HNO2 2. If the polyatomic ion ends in –ate, the acid ends in –ic. Example: _______________ SO42- _______________ H2SO4 Practice Naming Acids Formed From Polyatomic Ions Name the ion and then the acid. ____________________ NO3- ____________________ HNO3 ____________________ CO32- ____________________ H2CO3 ____________________ SO32- ____________________ H2SO3 ____________________ ClO4- ____________________ HClO4 ____________________ PO43- ____________________ H3PO4