Download Naming Compounds Essential Question

Name_______________________________
Chemistry: Naming Compounds
Essential Question: What are the rules for naming a compound and writing its formula?
Vocabulary: monatomic ion
polyatomic ion
binary compound
ionic compound
molecular compound
acid
base
Introduction to the Periodic Table
In order to write a formula or name a compound, you need to understand relationships among the
elements as shown by their position on the Periodic Table.
1. Metals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics:
a. __________ oxidation numbers (the apparent charge on an atom in a compound)
b. __________ at room temperature (except for ____________)
c. Metallic ____________
d. __________ of heat and electricity
e. __________ (can be pounded into a sheet) and __________ (can be drawn into a wire)
2. Nonmetals are on the __________ and have the following characteristics:
a. Can be found in all three phases of matter at room temperature:
Solids- ____________________________________________
Liquid- ________________
Gases- __________ elements (H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2) and the ___________ gases (He, Ar, Ne)
b. __________ conductors
c. Oxidation numbers- ________________
3. Metalloids are also called ____________ and are found on top and under the ____________ on the
right.
a. Properties of both __________ and ___________
b. Names and symbols:
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
*****Rules for Naming Binary Ionic Compounds*****
1. Name and write the ____________ first and then the ____________.
2. Change the name of the nonmetal by adding the suffix ___________.
Examples: ____________ carbon
____________ fluorine
____________ nitrogen
____________ chlorine
____________ oxygen
____________ bromine
____________ hydrogen
____________ iodine
____________ phosphorus
____________ sulfur
3. Sum of the positive and negative oxidation numbers must be ____________.
4. Use Roman Numerals when the metal has more than one oxidation number. These are ___________
Metals in the center of the Periodic Table.
Name the metal, then use a Roman Numeral of the ____________ __________ of the metal, then
name the nonmetal. This is called the Stock System.
5. When a metal becomes an ion with a positive charge, it is called a ____________.
When a nonmetal becomes an ion with a negative charge, it is called an ____________.
Practice Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
1. Name the following binary ionic compounds.
____________________ NaCl
____________________ BeBr2
____________________ AlCl3
____________________ LiF
____________________ CaO
____________________ KI
2. Name the following binary ionic compounds that contain Transition Metals using Roman Numerals.
____________________ MnO2
____________________ Au2O
____________________ FeCl3
____________________ HgBr2
3. Write the correct formulas for the following binary ionic compounds.
____________________ chromium (III) oxide
____________________ lead (IV) iodide
____________________ silver chloride
____________________ tin (II) bromide
*****Rules for Naming Binary Molecular Compounds*****
1. Binary molecular compounds form between two different ____________.
2. Use the same rules as for naming binary ionic compounds, using Roman Numerals if nonmetal has
more than one positive oxidation number.
3. Alternative Method: Use ____________ for the number of atoms of each nonmetal in the formula.
(If there is only one atom of the first element, do not use a prefix.)
Prefixes: _____ one, _____ two, _____ three, _____ four, _____ five, _____ six
Practice Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
1. Name the following using both methods.
Roman Numeral
Prefixes
CO2
_________________________
_________________________
NO2
_________________________
_________________________
SO3
_________________________
_________________________
P2O5
_________________________
_________________________
N2O4
_________________________
_________________________
2. Name the following binary molecular compounds containing hydrogen.
____________________ HCl
____________________ HBr
____________________ H2S
____________________ HF
____________________ H2O
____________________ HI
*****Rules for Naming Binary Acids*****
1. Binary acids are water ____________ of certain binary hydrogen compounds.
2. Change the –ide ending to __________.
Practice Naming Binary Acids
Name the following acids.
____________________ HCl (aq)
____________________ HBr (aq)
____________________ H2S (aq)
____________________ HI (aq)
*****Rules for Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions*****
1. A polyatomic ion contains two or more elements bonded together with a __________. See Table E.
2. Name the __________ and then the polyatomic ion.
Practice Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
1. Name the following. Use Roman Numeral when necessary.
____________________ NH4Cl
____________________ NaNO3
____________________ CaCO3
____________________ Fe(ClO3)3
____________________ Mg(HCO3)2
____________________ ZnSO4
2. Write formulas for the following. Balance the charges of the metal and polyatomic ion.
____________________ potassium oxalate
____________________ gold (III) chlorate
____________________ sodium thiosulfate
___________________copper (II) hydroxide
*****Rules for Naming Acids with Polyatomic Ions*****
Another way to form an acid is to combine ____________ with a polyatomic ion.
1. If the polyatomic ion ends in –ite, the acid ends in –ous.
Example: _______________NO2-
_______________ HNO2
2. If the polyatomic ion ends in –ate, the acid ends in –ic.
Example: _______________ SO42-
_______________ H2SO4
Practice Naming Acids Formed From Polyatomic Ions
Name the ion and then the acid.
____________________ NO3-
____________________ HNO3
____________________ CO32-
____________________ H2CO3
____________________ SO32-
____________________ H2SO3
____________________ ClO4-
____________________ HClO4
____________________ PO43-
____________________ H3PO4