Download Systems Study Questions

Human Systems Study Questions
State Standards Addressed:
9a. Students know how the complementary activity of major body systems provides cells with oxygen and nutrients
and removes toxic waste products such as carbon dioxide.
9b. Students know how the nervous system mediates communication between different parts of the body and the
body’s interactions with the environment.
9c. Students know how feedback loops in the nervous and endocrine systems regulate conditions in the body.
9d. Students know the functions of the nervous system and the role of neurons in transmitting electrochemical
impulses.
9e. Students know the roles of sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons in sensation, thought, and
response.
9f. Students know the individual functions and sites of secretion of digestive enzymes (amylases, proteases,
nucleases, lipases), stomach acid, and bile salts.
9g. Students know the homeostatic role of the kidneys in the removal of nitrogenous wastes and the role of the liver
in blood detoxification and glucose balance.
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9h. Students know the cellular and molecular basis of muscle contraction, including the roles of actin, myosin, Ca ,
and ATP.
9i. Students know how hormones (including digestive, reproductive, osmoregulatory) provide internal feedback
mechanisms for homeostasis at the cellular level and in whole organisms.
Systems Functions
1. Which system excretes cell waste?
2. Which system prevents dehydration?
3. Which system removes waste from cells?
4. Which system stores calcium?
5. Which 2 systems help in movement?
6. Which system allows monomers to be absorbed into the blood?
7. Which system contains all the muscles?
8. Which system produces blood cells?
9. Which system removes excess water from the body?
10. Which system provides protection against bacteria?
11. Which system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
12. Which 2 systems regulate the concentrations of substances in the blood?
13. Which system removes undigested food from the body?
14. Which system protects the organs?
15. Which system responds to the environment?
16. Which system transports materials to and from the cells?
17. Which system breaks down food into smaller molecules?
18. Which system converts sensory information into motor information?
19. Which system contains hormones?
20. Which system filters blood?
21. Which system produces feces (poop)?
22. Which system produces urine?
System Parts/Organs
23. Which part filters blood?
24. Which part filters, warms, and moistens air?
25. Which part pumps blood to all cells?
26. Which part sends monomers into the blood?
27. Which part protects organs?
28. Which part transmits sensory information to the brain?
29. Which part stores cell waste?
30. Which part removes food waste from the body?
31. Which part is considered the airway?
32. Which part voluntarily moves parts of the body?
33. Which part transports blood to all areas of the body?
34. Which part protects bacteria from entering the body?
35. Which part performs peristalsis?
36. Which part connects bones?
37. Which part transports blood away from the heart and to the cells?
38. Which part transports blood from the cells and to the heart?
39. Which parts brings oxygen into the lungs?
40. Which part converts sensory information into motor information?
41. Which part sends water, vitamins, and minerals to the blood?
42. Which part sends water, vitamins, and minerals to the cells?
43. Which part takes carbon dioxide out of the blood, and puts oxygen in?
44. Which part prevents choking?
45. Which part connects muscle to bone?
46. Which part cushions joints and keeps ear/nose tubes open?
47. Which part involuntarily moves organs?
48. Which 2 parts add juices and enzymes to the small intestine?
49. Which part removes cell waste from the body?
50. Which part allows the heart to beat?
51. Which part is controlled by the diaphragm?
52. Which part contracts to break up food?
53. Which part provides saliva?
54. Which part removes waste from the kidney?
55. Which part sends motor information to the muscles?
56. Which part takes in information from the environment?
57. Which part responds to the environment?
58. Which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood?
59. Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?
60. Which part regulates breathing?
61. Which part is responsible for all voluntary movement?
Homeostasis
62. What is homeostasis?
63. Which molecules are regulated by homeostasis?
64. Which molecules are regulated by the skeletal system?
65. Which molecules are regulated by the muscular system?
66. Which molecules are regulated by the integumentary system?
67. Which molecules are regulated by the digestive system?
68. Which molecules are regulated by the excretory system?
69. Which molecules are regulated by the circulatory system?
70. Which molecules are regulated by the respiratory system?
71. Which molecules are regulated by the nervous system?
72. Which molecules are regulated by the endocrine system?
Pathways
73. List the pathway in which water travels (from mouth to urethra).
74. List the pathway in which oxygen/carbon dioxide travel (from nose to nose).
75. List the pathway for undigestable food.
76. List the pathway for how monomers get into your cells.
77. List the pathway for how waste travels through the excretory system.
78. List the pathway for how blood is pumped through the body.
79. List the pathway from stimulus to response.
80. List the pathway for a reflex.
Specifics- Nephrons (Excretory System)
81. Where are nephrons located?
82. What enters a nephron?
83. What exits a nephron?
Specifics- Muscle Contraction (Muscular System)
84. Describe the steps involved in muscle contraction?
85. What is required for a muscle to contract?
86. What regulates muscle contractions?
Specifics- Feedback Loops (Endocrine System)
87. What is a feedback loop?
88. Which 2 hormones are responsible for the homeostasis of glucose?
89. Describe the feedback loop associated with the homeostasis of glucose.
90. Which hormone is responsible for the homeostasis of water?
91. Describe the feedback loop associated with the homeostasis of water.
Specifics- Disorders
92. Which system is involved in diarrhea? What causes it?
93. Which system is involved in diabetes? What causes it?
94. Which system is involved in kidney stones? What causes it?
95. Which system is involved in osteoporosis? What causes it?
96. Which system is involved in paralysis? What causes it?
Study Questions Answers
1. Excretory
2. Integumentary
3. Circulatory
4. Skeletal
5. Skeletal, Muscular
6. Digestive
7. Muscular
8. Skeletal
9. Excretory
10. Integumentary
11. Respiratory
12. Excretory, Endocrine
13. Digestive
14. Skeletal
15. Nervous
16. Circulatory
17. Digestive
18. Nervous
19. Endocrine
20. Excretory
21. Digestive
22. Excretory
23. kidney
24. nose
25. heart
26. small intestine
27. bones
28. spinal cord
29. urinary bladder
30. anus
31. trachea
32. skeletal muscle
33. capillaries
34. skin
35. esophagus
36. joints
37. arteries
38. veins
39. bronchi
40. brain
41. large intestine
42. blood
43. alveoli
44. epiglottis
45. tendon
46. cartilage
47. smooth muscle
48. pancreas, liver
49. urethra
50. cardiac muscle
51. lungs
52. stomach
53. mouth
54. ureter
55. motor neuron
56. sensory receptor
57. muscles
58. left
59. right
60. diaphragm
61. skeletal muscle
62. Regulation of all substances and internal body conditions
63. glucose, water, ions (sodium, potassium, calcium), oxygen, carbon dioxide, waste
64. calcium
65. sodium, potassium, calcium
66. waste, water
67. glucose, water, ions
68. water, ions, waste
69. glucose, water, ions, oxygen, carbon dioxide, waste
70. oxygen, carbon dioxide
71. ions
72. glucose, water
73. mouth, epiglottis, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, blood, cells (for chemical
reactions), blood, nephrons in kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
74. nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, alveoli, blood, cells (chemical reactions occur- carbon
dioxide produced), blood, alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, nose
75. mouth, epiglottis, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus
76. mouth, epiglottis, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, blood, cells
77. kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
78. right atrium, right ventricle, artery, lungs, vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, cells, vein, (start over)
79. sensory receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord, brain, spinal cord, motor neuron, muscle
80. sensory receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron, muscle
81. kidneys
82. blood
83. waste (urine)
84. Myosin attaches to actin, Myosin slides along actin filament, muscle contracts
85. ATP
86. Sodium, potassium, calcium ions
87. Constant increase and decrease of hormones to maintain molecule balance.
88. glucagon, insulin
89. Insulin is released when glucose levels are high, which causes glucose to be stored as glycogen.
When glucose levels decline, glucagon is released, which causes stored glycogen to break up into
glucose.
90. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
91. ADH is released when water levels drop in blood, signaling kidneys to put water back into blood. When
water levels increase, ADH decreases, causing kidneys to release water.
92. Digestive system; feces moves through large intestine quickly, preventing water from being absorbed
into blood.
93. Endocrine; insulin is not produced, causing high levels of glucose in the blood.
94. Excretory; minerals in blood crystallize from lack of water, causing stones
95. Skeletal; bones become porous because of a lack of calcium to solidify and make bones dense.
96. Nervous; spinal cord injury (neuron damage) causes sensory information to stop before it reaches
brain, making it impossible for motor information to be sent from brain.