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Chapter 5 Vocabulary: Trojan War Homer epics myths polis acropolis monarchy aristocracy oligarchy tyrant helot democracy Chapter 5 Section Objectives direct democracy Socrates Plato Aristotle Section Key Ideas Section 1 • Identify the ways geography and climate shaped Greek life. • Explain the rise and development of Mycenaean civilization. • Describe how Homer and Greek myths contributed to early Greek culture The shape of the land caused separate groups of Greek-speaking peoples to develop societies in isolation from one another. Section 2 • Identify the different political systems that developed in the Greek city-states. • Describe the government of Athens. • Explain how Athenian and Spartan governments differed. • Summarize the battles and results of the Persian Wars. Section 3 • Identify three goals of Pericles. • Describe Greek art and architecture. • Summarize the work of Greek dramatists and historians. • Explain the major conflicts in the Peloponnesian War. • Identify Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. • Describe Philip’s conquest of Greece. • Explain how Alexander defeated the Persian Empire. • Summarize Alexander’s conquests and their impact on future cultures. Greek culture produced many city-states. They had different forms of government, one of which is democracy. During Greece’s Golden Age, democratic ideas and Greek culture flourished. Section 4 Section 5 • Define Hellenistic culture. • Identify the achievements of Hellenistic scholars. • Summarize the major philosophies and artistic styles of the Hellenistic period. Alexander the Great conquered Persia and Egypt. Then he moved as far east as the Indus River in northwest India. Hellenistic culture was formed of ideas from Greece and other lands. It flourished throughout Greece, Egypt, and Asia. Chapter Review Questions: 1. Recognizing Effects What effect did geography have on the way Greece developed? 2. Summarizing What were the different forms of government of the Greek city-states? 3. Comparing and Contrasting Compare and contrast Athens and Sparta. 4. Drawing Conclusions What happened to Alexander’s empire, and why? 5. Synthesizing What was the long-lasting effect of Alexander’s empire?