Download SOL 9d: ROLES OF CIVIL WAR LEADERS Abraham Lincoln

SOL 9d: ROLES OF CIVIL WAR LEADERS
Abraham Lincoln
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President of the United States
Opposed the spread of slavery
Issued the Emancipation Proclamation
Determined to preserve the Union,by force if necessary
Believed the United States was one nation, not
a collection of independent states
– Wrote the Gettysburg Address that said the
Civil War was to preserve a government ―of the people, by the people, and
for the people.
What were some problems/tragedies that Lincoln had?
List one thing he said about slavery.
List your favorite line from the Gettysburg Address.
How did people feel about the Emancipation Proclamation?
Jefferson Davis
– Was president of the Confederate States of America
What were some problems that Davis had?
What frustrations did he have?
Was it easy to lead the Southern states: why or why not?
Thomas (Stonewall) Jackson
– Was a skilled Confederate general from Virginia
How did Stonewall Jackson act in battle?
How did he influence his men?
Do you think his death affected the outcome of the War, why or why not?
Robert E. Lee
– Was leader of the Army of Northern Virginia
– Was offered command of the Union forces at the beginning
of the war, but chose not to fight against Virginia
– Opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be
held together by force
– Urged Southerners to accept defeat at the end of the war and
reunite as Americans when some wanted to fight on
What do you think was one of Robert E. Lee’s strengths / weaknesses?
What was something that you admired and something that disappointed you?
Ulysses S. Grant
– Was general of the Union army that defeated Lee
What do you think was one of Grant’s strengths / weakness?
What was something that you admired and something that
disappointed you?
Frederick Douglass
– Was an enslaved African American who escaped to the North
and became an abolitionist
How did Frederick Douglass feel about the War and what did he
want to happen?
What did you admire about him? What disappointed you?
ASSIGNMENT: Choose one of the above Leaders, and on a
separate piece of paper, write a letter to him. Tell him some
information about EACH of the other Leaders, that would be
important for him to know as he is making decisions during the war.
Sol 9e: MAJOR BATTLES AND EVENTS
-The firing on Fort Sumter, S.C., began the war.
How did people in the South Feel about the firing on Fort
Sumter?
What surprised you about the battle?
-The first Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) was the first major
battle.
List three things that struck you about this battle.
-The signing of the Emancipation Proclamation made
freeing the slaves the new focus of the war.
What was the purpose of the Emancipation
Proclamation?
Who did it free?
Who wanted it? Who did not want it?
-The Battle of Vicksburg divided the South; the North
controlled the Mississippi River.
Why was Vicksburg important?
What Generals were fighting the battle? Who won and how?
-The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war; the
North repelled Lee’s invasion.
Why were the armies in Pennsylvania?
Who won the battle, and how?
Why do you think this battle was “the Turning Point” in the War?
-Lee’s surrender to Grant at Appomattox Court
House in 1865 ended the war.
Why do you think Lee did not want to continue
fighting?
ASSIGNMENT: On a separate piece of paper, write a newspaper
account of one of the above Events or Battles. Include as much
descriptive details as you know the public will want to hear. Also
tell your readers what you think is the importance of the Event or
Battle you have chosen.
SOL 9e: Influence of location and topography on critical
developments in the war
The Union blockade of southern ports (e.g., Savannah, Charleston, New Orleans)
Why would the Union want to blockade Southern Ports?
What was the effect?
Control of the Mississippi River (e.g., Vicksburg)
Why was the control of the Mississippi River important to either side?
Who eventually got control of it, and how?
Battle locations influenced by the struggle to capture capital cities (e.g., Richmond;
Washington, D.C.)
Why were battles influenced by the struggle to capture capital cities?
Control of the high ground (e.g., Gettysburg)
Why would control of the high ground matter in a battle?
Describe one battle where it made a big difference.
ASSIGNMENT: You are either President Lincoln or President
Davis. Draw a sketch of a location and topography with
instructions to your General as to what they should do concerning it
– and why.
SOL 9f: General effects of the war
Family members were often pitted against one another, as
were friends against friends.
Give examples. Why do you think this happened, and what
made it so difficult?
As the war went on, Southern troops became increasingly
younger and more poorly equipped and clothed.
Why was this so?
Combat was brutal and often man-to-man.
What was the worst example you saw?
Disease was a major killer.
Why was there so much disease?
Clara Barton, a Civil War nurse, created the American Red Cross.
Why did Clara Barton begin to care for soldiers and what was the
result of that?
Women were left to run businesses in the North and farms
and plantations in the South.
How do you think this affected women’s lives and why was
it necessary?
The collapse of the Confederacy made Confederate money worthless.
What happens when your money is worthless; list examples.
ASSIGNMENT: Choose one of the above effects. On a separate
piece of paper, write a letter home to your Mother, and tell her
about what you are going through, and how you are handling it.
Also tell her why you think it is happening.
SOL 9f: Effects of the war on African Americans
Some African Americans accompanied Confederate units in the
field.
Why do you think some slaves were in the Confederacy?
The Confederacy used enslaved African Americans as ship
workers, laborers, cooks, and camp workers.
Why did they use slaves for this work as opposed to soldiers?
Many freed African Americans joined the Union army.
The Union moved to enlist African American sailors and soldiers
during the war.
State how this could help the Union, and why would they be good
soldiers?
African American soldiers were paid less than white soldiers.
Do you think this was fair? Why or why not?
African American soldiers were discriminated against and served
in segregated units under the command of white officers.
Why do you think this was so?
Robert Smalls, an African American sailor and later a
Union naval captain, was highly honored for his feats of
bravery and heroism. He became a Congressman after the
war.
What do you think would have scared you the most if you had
been with Robert Smalls during his daring action?
ASSIGNMENT: Imagine that you are one of the above people.
Write a letter to the local Editor of your home newspaper, and tell
them your situation. Tell them how it is affecting you, and advise
them what should be done about it.