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British Colonial America Study Guide SS4H3 The student will explain the factors that shaped British colonial America. a. Compare and contrast life in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies. b. Describe colonial life in America as experienced by various people, including large landowners, farmers, artisans, women, indentured servants, slaves, and Native Americans. British Colonial America Study Guide 1. There were 13 original colonies. 2. The soil in the New England colonies was a thick and rocky soil and was difficult to farm. The soil in the middle colonies was rich and fertile, great for growing crops. 3. The soil and climate made for a long growing season in the Southern Colonies. 4. Puritans were found in the New England Colonies. 5. Artisans made their own goods and crafts with their hands. 6. The Middle Colonies or the Mid-Atlantic colonies were known as the breadbasket. 7. Shipbuilding was one of the main industries in the New England. colonies 8. The main crops grown in the southern colonies were indigo, rice, and tobacco. 9. Large landowners were very wealthy and usually owned huge tracts of land with many slaves. 10. Farmers worked thier farms with the labor of their own families - fathers, mothers and children all worked together on the farm. 11. Artisans were skilled in a single trade. They often depended on the labor of indentured servants 12. Women worked a lot in British Colonial America. They did not vote, had children and took care of the home and children. 13. Indentured servants were men and women who signed a contract binding them for a certain number of years as a servant, in exchange for transportation to the New World. 14. Slaves were taken from their homes and forced to work primarily on southern plantations. 15. Native Americans were displaced in many cases with the colonization of North America. 16. Price incentive: A cost motivates a decision or action by consumers, workers, and businesses in the economy. 17. Specialization: When workers focus on performing separate tasks and as a result workers perform fewer tasks more frequently. Specialization leads to improved standards of living because the economy works more efficiently. 18. Voluntary exchange: Act of buyers and sellers freely and willingly engaging in market transactions. 19. Indentured servants: Indentured servants signed a contract agreeing to work for someone for a specified length of time. They were not free to leave their job before the time was up, thus giving up personal freedom. 20. Opportunity cost: An economic term for what you must give up to obtain something else. It is always your second-best alternative. New England Puritans Middle Bread Baskets (Mills and Grains) Southern Indigo Fishing Quakers Slaves Whaling indentured servants Farming Shipbuilding Trading Tobacco Thick Rocky Soil Shipping Plantations Short Growing Season Rivers Rice