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Unit 3 Notes European Exploration 1. The three worlds talked about in this Unit, Three Worlds Meet, are Europe, Africa, and the Americas. 2. New World – the name of the lands across the Atlantic Ocean, named by European Explorers. 3. Old World – the name people used for countries in Europe such as: England, France, Holland, Spain, Italy, and Portugal. 4. Age of Exploration – began in the late 1400’s when European explorers looked for new routes to Asia and discovered the Americas. 5. Archeologists – a scientist studies artifacts to learn about past cultures. 6. Astrolabe – an early tool used to tell latitude by observing and calculating the position of the sun and other stars. It made exploration easier. 7. Compass – a tool used to tell direction by using the earth’s magnetic field. It made exploration easier. 8. Explorers planted flags in the New World to claim land for their country. 9. Europeans explored so they could spread their beliefs to other people. They brought Christianity and the Bible to the Americas. 10. Foods that were new to European, which came from the Americas, included potatoes, sweet potatoes, beans, corn, tomatoes, chocolate, and squash. 11. Northwest Passage – a faster sea route from Europe to Asia through the Americas 12. European countries like Spain and France wanted a shorter route to the East Indies so they could get silks and spices. 13. Examples of motives that lead to exploration are: wealth, to claim land, and religion (to spread Christianity) 14. Examples of ways that explorations impacted history are: new maps, claimed land, spread disease, built settlements, pushed Native Americans off their land. 15. colony- a settlement ruled by another country, not by its own people. 16. Christopher Columbus Crew almost mutinied because they were afraid of getting lost at sea. Motives were to find a shorter route to Asia to get spices Explored from 1492 – 1506 The impact he had on history was that he claimed new lands, improved maps, and mistreated Native Americans (thought they would make good slaves.) 17. Many American Indians died from contagious diseases because they were exposed for the first time to some kinds of sicknesses. 18. An example of a change that happened because of the interaction of the Three Worlds: New technology such as astrolabes, better maps, and sturdier ships. 19. An example of an exploration that occurred because of the interaction of the Three Worlds: Sailing west to find new trade routes to China and India. 20. An example of an encounter that occurred because of the interaction of the Three Worlds: The meeting of Spanish conquistadors and Aztec Indians. 21. Examples of exchanges that took place because of the interaction of the Three Worlds: American Indians trading deer skin for metal objects. Europeans teaching American Indians about Christianity and Native American’s teaching Europeans how to make medicines from plants. 22. The Columbian Exchange Many goods were exchanged between the “New World” and the “Old World” 1. From the New World: potatoes, corn, squash, cocoa, turkeys, llamas, tobacco 2. From the Old World: wheat, peas, bananas, horses, cattle, pigs, guns, metal objects, and diseases It changed the lives of Europeans by increasing population because of new food crops in Europe. It changed the lives of American Indians because: livestock ate the grass that supported animals that Native Americans hunted and ate other plants that disrupted farming. It changed the lives of Africans because they were brought to the “New World” to work on sugar plantations. It was the beginning of slavery.