Download The concept map is worth 40% of your Unit 4 lab grade.

BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
Unit 4 Vocabulary and Concept Map
Directions
The Nervous system is very, very complex, with a lot of terms associated with it, so these lists are very
long. It may be best to make several maps and relate them together.
A good way to start this project is to look at the many ways in which the nervous system is described.
Anatomically it is often divided into the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, with further subdivisions
of each of these.
Physiologically it is often divided into the Sensory and Motor Nervous Systems, with further subdivisions
of each of these.
I’ve divided the lists into anatomical structures (both micro and macro) and processes that occur at the
cellular level. I’ve separated the terms relating to special senses. As you know by now these are artificial
divisions, just to make it easy for us to study. You can regroup these in any way you wish, but you’ll need
to know that physiological processes are always related to anatomical structures. I do not expect you to
agree with my divisions — please make your own as you study.
Terms associated with different ways to categorize the nervous system. There is a lot of overlap in this
list, but if you sort these first, it will help you begin to build the concept map of the terms that follow.
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autonomic nervous system
central nervous system
enteric nervous system
motor (efferent) nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
peripheral nervous system
sensory (afferent) nervous system
somatic motor
somatic sensory
sympathetic nervous system
Terms associated with processes carried out by the nervous system
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acetylcholine
acetylcholinesterase
action potential
biogenic amines
Blood brain barrier
calcium
calcium channels
concentration gradient
cholinergic system
crossed extensor reflex
depolarization
disinhibition
dopamine
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BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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epinephrine
extracellular environment
EPSP
G proteins
GABA
gated (Ligand-gated) membrane channels
glutamate
graded potential
grey matter
hyperpolarization
intracellular environment
IPSP
kinesthesia
membrane threshold
monosynaptic reflex
muscarinic receptor
myelin
neuropeptides
Neuropeptide Y
nicotinic receptor
neurotransmitters
norepinephrine
plantar reflex
polysynaptic reflex
potassium
potassium channels
pupillary light reflex
refractory period
repolarization
resting potential
reuptake
saltatory conduction
sensory reception
serotonin
sodium
sodium channels
spatial summation
synaptic space (cleft)
temporal summation
transduction
voltage gradient
voltage membrane channels
white matter
withdrawal reflex
Terms associated with micro anatomical structures. These terms should be very briefly annotated
describe their function if a term from one of these lists doesn’t describe it.
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astrocyte
axon
Page 2 of 8
BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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axon hillock
bipolar neuron
bouton (axon end bulbs)
dendrite
dendritic spines
dorsal horn
dorsal root
dorsal root ganglion
ependymal cell
interneuron
lateral horn
microglial cell
motor neurons
multipolar neruon
myenteric (Aurbach's) Plexus
nervous system receptors
neuroglial cells
oligodentrocyte
pyramidal cell
Purkinje cell
Schwann Cell
sensory neurons
sigmoid sinus
submucousal (Meissner's) Plexus
synapse
synaptic vesicles
unipolar neuron (also known as a pseudounipolar neuron)
ventral horn
ventral root
Terms associated with micro anatomical structures.
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ax
Terms associated with the macro anatomical structures of the nervous system. These terms should be
very briefly annotated describe their function if a term from one of these lists doesn’t describe it.
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amygdala
anterior commisure
anterior corticospinal tract
anterior median fissure
anterior ramus of spinal nerve
anterior spinocerebellar tract
anterior spinothalamic tract
anterior white commisure
anterolateral system
arachnoid
arachnoid granulations
arachnoid trabeculae
basal ganglia (basal nucleus)
basilar artery
Page 3 of 8
BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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brachial plexus
brainstem
Broadman’s Areas (concept)
Broadman’s Areas 17 and 18
Broadmans Areas 41 and 42
Broadmans’s area 4
Broadmans’s area 8
Broadmans’s Ares 3, 1 and 2
Broca's area
carotid arteries (common, internal and external)
carotid canal
cauda equina
caudate nucleus
cerebral cortex
cerebrum
central canal
central sulcus
cerabellum
cerebral aqueduct (new name: mesencephalic duct; old name: Aqueduct of Sylvius)
cerebral hemipheres
cervical ganglion
cervical plexus
choroid plexus
ciliary ganglion
cingulate gyrus
Circle of Willis (and the arteries that comprise it)
commisures of the brain
corpora quadrigemina
corpus callosum
cranial nerves (all of them. They should be indicated by name and number)
cribiform plate
dentate gyrus
diencephalon
dorsal column medial lemniscus system
dura mater (both layers)
endoneurium
epineurium
epithalamus
extrapyramidal tracts
fasciculus cuneatus
fasciculus gracillus
filum terminalis
foramen magnum
foramen ovale
foramen rotundum
fornix
fourth ventricle
frontal eye fields
frontal lobe
ganglia
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BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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globus pallidus
gyrus
hindbrain
hippocampus
hypoglossal canal
hypothalamus
inferior colliculus
inferior orbital fissure
interthalamic adhesion (aka thalamic commisure, gray commisure, middle commisure)
interventricular foramen (Old name: Foramina of Monro)
jugular foramen
jugular vein
lateral aperture (old name: Lateral Aperture of Luschka)
lateral corticospinal tract
lateral sulcus
lateral horn
lateral reticulospinal tract
lateral spinothalamic tract
lateral ventricle
limbic system
longitudinal fissure'
lumbar plexus
mammilary bodies
medial aperture (old name: Median Aperture of Megendie)
medial reticulospinal tract
medulla oblongota
meninges
mesencephalon
metaencephalon
midsaggital sinus
motor homunculus
myelencephalon
nerve
neural crest
neural groove
neural plate
neural tube
neuraxis
nucleus (not the kind inside a cell)
nucleus accumbens
occipital lobe
olives (inferior and superior)
optic canal
optic chiasm
otic ganglion
parahippocampal gyrus
parietal lobe
parieto-occipital sulcus
peduncles
perneurium
Page 5 of 8
BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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pia mater
pineal gland
precentral gyrus
premotor area
pons
postcentral gyrus
posterior commisure
posterior median fissure
posterior ramus of spinal nerve
postganglionic fibers
precentral gyrus
prefrontal cortex
preganglionic fibres
proencephalon
pterygopalatine ganglion
putanum
pyramidal tracts
red nucleus
reticular formation
rhombencephalon
rubrospinal tract
sacral nerves
sacral plexus
sensory homunculus
septal nucleus
spinal cerebellar tracts
spinal cord
spinal nerve— indicate how they are numbered
splanchnic nerves
stria terminalis
straight sinus
subarachnoid space
subdural space
submandibular ganglion
substantia nigra
sustantsia nigra pars reticulata
sulcus
superior collicululs
superior orbital fissure
superior orbital foramen
sympathetic ganglion (also known as paravertebral ganglia or sympathetic chain ganglia)
tectum
tegmentum
telencephalon
temporal lobe
terminal ganglia
thalamus (and its divisions)
third ventricle
transverse sinus
ventricular system
Page 6 of 8
BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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vertebral artieris (and branches)
vestibulspinal tract
Wernicke's area
Terms related to special senses
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ampulla
anterior chamber
aqueous humor
calcium carbonate crystals
central artery of the retina
chemorecpetors
ciliary body
ciliary muscle
cochlea
cones
copula
cornea
endolypmph
external auditory meatus
fovea
hair cells
incus
inner segment of photoreceptor
internal auditory meatus
iris
lens
macula
malleus
mastoid process
mechanoreceptors
nociceptors
Olfactory bulb
Olfactory tract
opsins
Optic chiasm
Optic Nerve
Optic Tract
Organ of Corti (all parts)
otolith
outer segment of photoreceptor
oval window
perilymph
petrous portion of the temporal bone
photoisomerizationb
photoreceptor
pinna (auricle)
posterior chamber
pupil
retina (all layers)
Page 7 of 8
BIO 231: Anatomy and Physiology I
Extended Learning Institute
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rods
round window
saccule
Semicircular canals
spiral ganglion
stapedius reflex
stapes
stereocilia
stylomastoid foramen
Taste papilla
thermoreceptors
tympanic cavity
tympanic membrane
utricle
vestibule
vitreous humor
Submission: Submit the link to your concept map to the discussion forum titled “Unit 4 Lab Work” as a
reply to your own thread.
Grading
The concept map is worth 40% of your Unit 4 lab grade.
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