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TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery Controversy, 1793-1860 Chapter 16 Objectives 16-1 16-2 16-3 16-4 16-5 16-6 16-7 Describe economic strengths and weaknesses of the Cotton Kingdom and its central role in the prosperity of Britain as well as the United States. Outline the hierarchical social structure of the South, from the planter aristocracy to African-American slaves. Describe the nonslaveholding white majority of the South, and explain why most poorer whites supported slavery even though they owned no slaves. Describe the workings of the peculiar institution of slavery, including the role of the domestic slave trade after the outlawing of international slave trading. Describe African American life under slavery, including the role of the family and religion. Describe the rise of abolitionism in both the United States and Britain, and explain why it was initially so unpopular in the North. Describe the fierce southern resistance to abolitionism, and explain why southerners increasingly portrayed slavery as a positive good. Chapter 16 Terms American Anti-Slavery Society American Colonization Society “positive good” abolitionism American Slavery As It Is Arthur and Lewis Tappan Black Belt barbarism breakers commission Cotton Kingdom David Walker Denmark Vessey Elijah P. Lovejoy Frederick Douglas Free Soilers Gabriel Gag Resolution Harriet Beecher Stowe John Quincy Adams Lane Rebels Liberia Liberty party medievalism mountain whites monopolistic mulatto population Nat Turner oligarchy peculiar institution plantation system racism sabotage Sojourner Truth table(tabling) The Liberator Theodore Dwight Weld Uncle Tom’s Cabin Wendell Phillips William Lloyd Garrison ____ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848 Chapter 17 Objectives 17-1 17-2 17-3 17-4 17-5 17-6 17-7 Explain the spirit and meaning of the Manifest Destiny that inspired American expansionism in the 1840s. Outline the major conflicts between Britain and the United States over debts, Maine, Canada, Texas, Oregon, and growing British hostility to slavery. Explain why the U.S. government increasingly saw the independent Texas Republic as a threat and sought to pursue annexation. Indicate how the issues of Oregon and Texas became central in the election of 1844 and why Polk’s victory was seen and a mandate for Manifest Destiny. Explain how President Polk’s goals for his administration, especially the acquisition of California led to the Texas boundary crisis and war with Mexico. Describe how the dramatic American victory in the Mexican War led to the breathtaking territorial acquisition of the whole Southwest. Describe the consequences of the Mexican War, and especially hoe the Mexican territorial acquisitions explosively opened the slavery question. Chapter 17 Terms Treaty of GuadalupeHidalgo “all of Mexico” “conscience” Whigs “spot” resolutions Aroostook War Bear Flag revolt Californios Caroline caucus colossus dark horse David Wilmot deadlock default Fiscal Bank Four-Point Program Hudson’s Bay Company indemnity James K. Polk John C. Fremont John Tyler John Slidell joint resolution Liberty party Lord Ashburton Maine mandate Manifest Destiny Nicholas P. Trist no-man’s-land Oregon fever parallel platform repudiate resolution Rio Grande Robert Gray Santa Anna Stephen W. Kearny Tariff of 1842 Walker Tariff Webster-Ashburton Treaty Whigs William Henry Harrison Wilmot Proviso Winfield Scott Zachary Taylor ___ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854 Chapter 18 Objectives 18-1 18-2 18-3 18-4 18-5 18-6 18-7 Explain how the issue of slavery in the territories acquired from Mexico disrupted American politics from 1848 to 1850. Point out the major terms of the Compromise of 1850 and indicate how this agreement attempted to defuse the sectional crisis over slavery. Explain why the Fugitive Slave Law included in the Compromise of 1850 stirred moral outrage and fueled antislavery agitation in the North. Indicate how the Whig party’s disintegration over slavery signaled the end of nonsectional political parties. Describe how the Pierce administration, as well as private American adventurers, pursued numerous overseas and expansionist ventures primarily designed to expand slavery. Describe Americans’ first ventures into China and Japan in the 1850s and their diplomatic, economic, and religious consequences. Describe the nature and purpose of Douglas’s Kansas-Nebraska Act, and explain why it fiercely rekindled the slavery controversy that the Compromise of 1850 had been designed to settle. Chapter 18 Terms “conscience” Whigs “higher law” booster Clayton-Bulwar Treaty cloak and dagger Compromise of 1850 Daniel Webster filibustering (filibuster) Fire-eaters Franklin Pierce Free Soil party fugitive Fugitive Slave Law Gadsen Purchase Harriet Tubman Henry Clay homestead isthmian (isthmus) James Gadsen John C. Calhoun Kansas-Nebraska Act Lewis Cass manifesto Martin Van Buren Matthew C. Perry Mexican Cession Millard Fillmore mundane Ostend Manifesto personal liberty laws popular sovereignty Seventh of March Speech Self-determination Stephen A. Douglas topography Treaty of Wanghia Treaty of Kanagwara Underground Railroad William H. Seward William Walker Winfield Scott Zachary Taylor ___ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 19: Drifting Towards Disunion, 1854-1861 Chapter 19 Objectives 19-1 19-2 19-3 19-4 19-5 19-6 19-7 Enumerate the sequence of major crises, beginning with the Kansas-Nebraska Act, that led up to secession, and explain the significance of each event. Explain how and why the territory of bleeding Kansas became the scene or q dress rehearsal for the Civil War. Trace the growing power of the Republican party in the 1850s and the increasing domination of the Democratic party by its militantly proslavery wing. Explain how the Dred Scott decision and John Brown’s Harpers Ferry raid deepened sectional antagonism. Trace the rise of Lincoln as a Republican spokesman, and explain why his senatorial campaign debates with Stephen Douglas made him a major national figure despite losing the election. Analyze the election of 1860, including the split in the Democratic party, the four-way campaign, the sharp sectional divisions, and Lincoln’s northern-based minority victory. Describe the secession of seven southern states following Lincoln’s victory, the formation of the Confederacy, and the failure of the last compromise effort. Chapter 19 Terms New England Immigrant Aid Society The Impending Crisis of the South Abraham Lincoln affidavit American/Know-Nothing party bandwagon Beechers Bibles bigoted Bleeding Kansas border state Charles Sumner Constitutional Union party Crittenden Compromise Dred Scott Decision Freeport Question Freeport Doctrine Harpers Ferry raid Harriet Beecher Stowe Henry Ward Beecher Hinton R. Helper James Buchanan Jefferson Davis John Crittenden John Brown John C. Fremont John Bell John C. Breckenridge Lame-Duck Interlude Lecompton Constitution Lincoln-Douglas Debates martyr panic of 1857 Pottawatomie Creek massacre Preston Brooks public domain puppet government Roger Taney southern nationalism Uncle Tom’s Cabin vassalage ____ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 20: Girding for War- The North and the South, 1861-1865 Chapter 20 Objectives 20-1 Explain how the South’s firing on Fort Sumpter galvanized the North and how Lincoln’s call for troops prompted four more states to join the Confederacy. 20-2 Explain why the slaveholding Border States were so critical to both sides and how Lincoln maneuvered to keep them in the Union. 20-3 Indicate the strengths and weaknesses of both sides at the onset of the war, what strategies each pursued, and why the North’s strengths could be brought to bear as the war dragged on. 20-4 Describe the contest for European political support and intervention, and explain why Britain and France finally refused to recognize the Confederacy. 20-5 Compare Lincoln’s and Davis’s political leadership during the War. 20-6 Describe Lincoln’s policies on civil liberties and how both sides mobilized the military manpower to fight the war. 20-7 Analyze the economic and social consequences of the war for both sides. Chapter 20 Terms “Billy Yank” “Johnny Reb” Abraham Lincoln Alabama appropriation arbitrary arbitration/mediation balance of power bond Border States Butternut Region Charles Francis Adams Clara Barton Confederacy conscription Draft Riots Edwin M. Stanton Fort Sumpter graft greenback habeas corpus Homestead Act Indian Territory Jay Cooke Jefferson Davis King Cotton Laird Rams laborsaving machinery loophole(d) martial law Maximilian moral suasion Morrill Tariff Act Napoleon III National Banking Act profiteer runaway inflation Sally Tompkins Trent Affair Union William H. Seward ___ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 21: The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865 Chapter 21 Objectives 21-1 21-2 21-3 21-4 21-5 21-6 21-7 Describe the consequences for both sides of the North’s defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run. Outline Union’s original military strategy and how Lincoln was forced to adjust it during the course of the war. Explain the critical importance of the failed Peninsula Campaign and the Battle of Antietam in changing the Civil War from a limited war for the Union into a total war against slavery. Describe the role that African Americans played during the war. Explain why the battle of Gettysburg in the East and Vicksburg in the West decisively turned the tide toward Union victory and Confederate defeat. describe the politics of the War in both North and South, and the end of the South’s hope for winning independence through a defeat of Lincoln in the election of 1864. describe the end of the war and list its final consequences. Chapter 21 Terms Appomattox Court House Andrew Johnson Battle of Chancellorsville Battle of Gettysburg Battle of Antietam Battle of Vicksburg Battle of Fredericksburg Clement L. Vallandigham Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War Copperheads David G. Farragut Edward Everett Hale Emancipation Proclamation First Battle of Bull Run flank Ford’s Theater George B. Meade George B. McClellan George Pickett Gettysburg Address intelligence Josepn Hooker John Pope John Wilkes Booth “March to the Sea” Merrimack & Monitor moral Northern Military Strategy Peninsula Campaign pillaging Robert E. Lee running mate Salmon P. Chase The Man without a Country Thirteenth Amendment Thomas J. Jackson “Total War” tribunal Ulysses S. Grant Union party William T. Sherman ___ TERMS AND OBJECTIVES American Pageant 14th Ed. Chapter 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877 Chapter 22 Objectives 22-1 Define the major problems facing the nation and the South after the Civil War. 22-2 Describe the responses of both whites and African Americans to the end of slavery. 22-3 Analyze the differences between the presidential and congressional approaches to Reconstruction. 22-4 Explain how the blunders of President Johnson and the resistance of the white South opened the door to the Republicans’ radical Reconstruction. 22-5 Describe the intentions and the actual effects of radical Reconstruction in the South. 22-6 Indicate how militant southern white opposition and growing northern weariness with military Reconstruction gradually undermined Republican attempt to empower Southern blacks. 22-7 Explain why the radical Republicans impeached Johnson but failed to convict him. 22-8 Explain the legacy of Reconstruction, and assess its successes and failures. Chapter 22 Terms 13th Amendment 14th Amendment 15th Amendment moderate/radical Republicans “radical” regimes “Seward’s Folly” “swing around the circle” 10 percent plan Alexander Stephens Andrew Johnson Benjamin Wade Black Codes carpetbagger chain gang Charles Sumner civil disabilities Civil Rights Act Ex parte Milligan Exodusters felony Force Acts Freedmen’s Bureau Hiram Revels Ku Klux Klan lease legalistically mutual aid societies Oliver O. Howard peonage pocket veto president pro tempore Reconstruction Act Redeemers scalawag sharecropping Tenure of Office Act terror (terrorist) Thaddeus Stevens treason Wade-Davis Bill white-washed rebels Union League William Seward