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Cell notes.notebook
November 16, 2016
Chapter 3: Introduction to the Cell
NOTES!!!!!
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Cell notes.notebook
November 16, 2016
*The Cell Theory*
1. All living things are made of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in
organisms.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
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Cell notes.notebook
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WITHOUT LOOKING!!!
What are the 3 parts to the cell theory????
1. All living things are made of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in
organisms.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
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Cell notes.notebook
November 16, 2016
History of Cells
* Robert Hooke (1665)- First person to see cells (cork cells)
*Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1683)- First person to see living
cells
*Matthias Schleiden (1838)- Concluded that plants are made of
cells
*Theodor Schwann (1839)- Concluded that animals are made of
cells
*Rudolf Virchow (1855)- Cells come only from other cells
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Characteristics of Cells
Cell/plasma membrane- border of the cell; regulates what
enters and leaves the cell
cytoplasm- liquid portion inside the cell
Cytoskeleton- gives cell its structure
Ribosome- the organelle where proteins are made
DNA- stores genetic information; information needed
to make proteins
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* 2 Types of Cells*
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
- no nucleus
- no membrane bound organelles
- most are 1-10 μm in size
-Evolved over 3.5 billion years ago (older)
-only bacteria
- has a nucleus
-has membrane bound organelles
-many are 2-1000 μm in size
(larger)
-evolved 1.5 billion years ago
(younger)
- all other cells
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*Plant vs. Animal cells*
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
-no chloroplast
-no cell wall
-no large central vacuole
-Contains a chloroplast
-has a cell wall
- Contains a large central vacuole
**** for structures and functions you will complete a chart for your notes.****
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Plant Cell
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animal cell
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EXIT TICKET!!!!!
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Homework Questions
3.1 questions:
1. How did improvements in the microscope help scientists form the cell theory?
2. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ?
3.2 questions:
1. What problems might a cell experience if it had no cytoskeleton? (p. 75)
2. What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?
3. Describe the structure of the nucleus.
4. Explain the structure and function of the mitochondria.
5. What function does the cell wall perform?
6. what similarities do mitochondria and chloroplasts have?
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Homework: write the question and the answer!!! Complete sentences!!!
1. Can cells appear spontaneously without genetic material from previous cells? Explain.
2. Describe how you would determine if the cells of a newly discovered organism were
prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
3. Analyze: A material is found in an asteroid that might be a cell. What criteria must
the material meet to be considered a cell?
4. If the overall (total) magnification of a series of two lenses is 30x, and one lens
magnified 5x, what is the magnification of the other lense?
Calculate the total magnification if the 5x lens is replaced by a 7x lens.
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