Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The Classical Age
Document related concepts
Transcript
Victorious Athens Does victory mean tyranny? “Ostracism” = ten-year exile Political change: lottery instead of elections Persian War: Thermopylae and Salamis King Xerxes of Persia (486-465 BCE) Wants to control Empire’s western border Persian War: Thermopylae and Salamis King Xerxes of Persia (486-465 BCE) Wants to control Empire’s western border Greek and Persian alliances? 481 BCE = Persians are coming . . . Fall 480 BCE = Battle of Thermopylae King Leonidas of Sparta (490-480 BCE) Greeks retreat Fall 480 BCE = Battle of Salamis Naval victory for the Greeks Summer 479 BCE = Battle of Plataea Stops the Persian invasion The Athenian Empire Athens goes on the offensive 478 BCE = Delian League established Greeks “liberate” city-states from Persia The Athenian Empire Athens goes on the offensive 478 BCE = Delian League established Greeks “liberate” city-states from Persia Athenian Imperialism Classical Athens By 450 BCE = Athens was very powerful Total pop. = 350,000 Slaves made up over 25% of Athens Two-track residency: Citizens and “metics” (foreign residents) Athenian women By 450 BCE, only military leaders were elected “demogogues” Pericles: Expanding Democracy Pericles (ca. 495-429 BCE) Military leader, orator Populist Public works programs No property required for citizenship Paid juries Restricted citizenship Foreign Policy: focus on Sparta, not Persia The Megara problem 445 BCE = Thirty Years’ Peace b/t Sparta and Athens Pericles: Expanding Democracy Pericles (ca. 495-429 BCE) Military leader, orator Populist Public works programs No property required for citizenship Paid juries Restricted citizenship Foreign Policy: focus on Sparta, not Persia The Megara problem 445 BCE = Thirty Years’ Peace b/t Sparta and Athens 435 BCE = the problem of Corcyra 432 BCE = Sparta invades Attica The Peloponnesian War 431 BCE = Sparta reaches Athens 421 BCE = peace treaty Alcibiades (ca. 450-404 BCE) Hated democracy 415 BCE = led failed invasion of Syracuse Defects to Sparta 411 BCE = Athens installs an oligarchy 404 BCE = Sparta conquers Athens General Lysander of Sparta Origins of Western Philosophy Importance of democracy The Sophists “wise person” Socrates (ca. 470-399 BCE) “know thyself” 399 BCE = sentenced to death Origins of History Herodotus (ca. 484-ca. 420 BCE) “father of history” Wrote about the Persian Wars Thucydides (460-395 BCE) Historian of Peloponnesian War First political scientist Classical Greek Art Drama! Genres: tragedies, comedies, satyr plays Art! Reversal of black figure technique Classical Greek Art Drama! Genres: tragedies, comedies, satyr plays Art! Reversal of black figure technique Balanced, realist sculpture Architecture: Athenian acropolis
