Download Knox Academy S3 Chemistry Unit 2: Atoms and Ions Summary

S3 Chemistry
Unit 2 Summary
Knox Academy
S3 Chemistry
Unit 2: Atoms and Ions
Summary Booklet
Pupil Name: ____________
Class: ____________
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S3 Chemistry
•
Unit 2 Summary
Most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small area known as the
_ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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The nucleus has a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ charge – deflecting other positively
charged particles (like charges repel).
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Most of an atom is _ _ _ _ _ space – occupied by fast moving negatively
charged electrons.
Particle
Location
Charge
Mass
Proton
Neutron
Electron
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No. of protons = _ _ _ _ _ _ number of element
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No. of protons = no. of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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_ _ _ _ number = no. of protons + no. neutrons
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Atoms contain the particles _ _ _ _ _ _ _, neutrons and electrons.
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All the atoms of the same element contain the same number of
_ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element which contain different numbers
of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Isotopes have different _ _ _ _ numbers.
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Relative Atomic Mass gives the weighted _ _ _ _ _ _ _ atomic mass for
an element.
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Electrons are organised in levels of _ _ _ _ _ _ like the layers of an onion.
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The shells fill from the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ out.
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S3 Chemistry
•
Unit 2 Summary
The further away from the nucleus the _ _ _ _ _ _ the energy of the
electron.
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The electron _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for an atom tells us how many
electrons are contained in each shell.
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The _ _ _ _ _ electrons of an atom determine how it interacts with other
atoms.
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Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the _ _ _ _ number
of outer electrons.
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Elements in the same _ _ _ _ _ of the Periodic Table react in a similar
way.
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ compounds contain only non-metal elements.
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Covalent compounds do not conduct _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ regardless of
physical state.
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Ionic compounds contain a _ _ _ _ _ element and at least one non-metal
element.
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Ionic compounds conduct electricity only when _ _ _ _ _ _ or dissolved in
solution.
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We can use state symbols to show the physical state of a substance –
solid (_), liquid (_), gas (_) and dissolved in solution (_ _).
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Metal atoms _ _ _ _ electrons to form positive ions.
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Non-metal atoms _ _ _ _ electrons to form negative ions.
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In an ionic compound, alternating _ _ _ _ arrange themselves to form a
lattice.
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When held in a lattice, ions cannot _ _ _ _ and cannot conduct electricity.
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If melted or dissolved in water the ions are _ _ _ _ to move, and the
substance can conduct electricity.
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For a substance to conduct electricity, charged particles must be able to
_ _ _ _ and carry the electrical charge.
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S3 Chemistry
•
Unit 2 Summary
If we increase the number of charged particles we will increase the
quantity of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the substance can transmit.
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A covalent bond is a shared pair of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ between two
adjacent non-metal atoms.
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Positive metal ions are attracted to the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ electrode during
an electrolysis.
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At the negative electrode, metal ions _ _ _ _ electrons to form metal
atoms.
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Metal ions are _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Negative non-metal ions are attracted to the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ electrode
during an electrolysis.
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At the positive electrode, non-metal ions _ _ _ _ electrons to form nonmetal atoms.
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Non-metal ions are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Soluble metal oxides dissolve in water to form an _ _ _ _ _ _ solution.
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Insoluble metal oxides have _ _ affect on the pH of water.
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Soluble non-metal oxides dissolve in water to form an _ _ _ _ solution.
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Acids are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ molecules when present as pure substances.
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When dissolved in water, the covalent molecules split apart to release
_ _ _ _.
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Each acidic solution contains _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ions.
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Acidic solutions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ electricity.
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If an acidic solution is electrolysed, hydrogen gas is released at the
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ electrode.
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At the negative electrode positive hydrogen ions _ _ _ _ electrons to
form hydrogen atoms.
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The hydrogen ions are oxidised (_ _ _ _ electrons).
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