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Terms to Know: Before or after watching this episode, encourage students to define and review the terms below. Students may also want to make their own lists of new vocabulary words and identification terms as they watch. Cavalier Chloroform De facto Emancipation Invincibility Minie ball Munitions Ploughshares Pragmatist Telegraph Episode 5: CIVIL WAR Introduction America reached a crossroads as the Civil War intensified. Strict discipline and advances such as the minie ball bullet have welded General Robert E. Lee’s Confederate army into a formidable force. Lee’s victory at the Second Battle of Bull Run in August of 1862 leads him to within 20 miles of Washington and President Abraham Lincoln realizes that the Union could lose the war. But the tide turns during a series of pivotal events that advance the Union forces. Following the battle of Antietam, the bloodiest ever on American soil, Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, freeing slaves forever; former slaves join the Union army in droves. With the help of the telegraph and President Lincoln’s unwavering attention to the tactics of battle, the industrial capacity of the North is harnessed. The Battle at Gettysburg and Sherman’s March to the Sea are among key turning points leading to Union victory. The industrial might which sees the Union prevail now leaves America poised to expand its reach across North America and take the stage as a world power. America The Story of Us is useful for American History, Social Studies, and Media courses. It is appropriate for 7th grade students and above, and is an excellent resource for professional development. Discussion Questions: 1. H ow did the invention of the minie ball bullet shape the Civil War? What were some other important inventions that affected the course of the war? 2. Who was Clara Barton, and why was she significant? 3. How did the telegraph help the Union side achieve victory in the Civil War? 4. W hen was the Emancipation Proclamation signed, and how did it shape the Civil War? 5. W hat were three outcomes of the Battle of Gettysburg? Why is Gettysburg still remembered as a turning point in the Civil War? 6. H ow many casualties were there in the Civil War? How do these numbers compare with other American wars? America The STory of Us Episode 5: Civil War 2 Primary Source: d Regt Mass Colore h 4t 5 f o p Cam t. 28th1863. e South, Sep th f o t ep D nd coln: Morris Isla Abraham Lin y c en el c x E an humble Your sumtion of re p e ation th n do rnest Solicit elf will par ea y e c th en t el c u x b E Your felt by mys essing you. ine interest yself, in addr nu m ge d of ke e li th al es du indivi Executive hea , the s, besid e rm th A re in o s ef b de last Month for placing of my Comra my excuse, e 6th of the uld decide to is th r n te O at m e: c e in th Grievan at if we wo ur Common and pay rmed us, th fo in t, the Nation o en would come e tm h ar , p h de nt e o m th f ould, in per Paymaster o (ten dollars) of Congress, the Regt w n is. 10 $ f o m u estio recieve the s ut, that, on the sitting the main qu w o N .. ). b e. , re us that sum allowed the other 3 (th be Duties, RERS. his opinion, l the various mplete e we LABOU al ar ne r o do , e rs av ie uipped, h to the co Are we Sold armed, and eq d ourselves, against We are fully iers life, have conducte y, prejudiced an if ld e o er S w a , r due us: ho pertaining to Officers, w t, and honou old, al en m er ge en ra G u f o o c all the en t strongh satisfaction w accord us ur, of Reducing the firs y, the Anglo no o h w t u b o Toda Lab us, e perils, and Mr President. th , ted re ed o ar m h d s an e hav ars for depar of Flag: te r o in it , ra ne T o a al t Decendants that flaunted Wife, or Sister, are no , ient Trusting er at e Union, p th e o h M T n . o s Sax defense of th rother B in d d, an o , lo b ds h an it iers Duty. Sons, Husb the ground w y, We have done a Sold ed dy e av h e, ate of ellenc Africs Clim chief Magistr w Your Exc o as N , . u . yo y. f c I and Democra ave a Soldiers pay?. . . . eh a new r whole pay Why cant w sm will have ia re us, of ou s u u s th as en l il r u w ry. Not m, o the Nation, d Our Count ur Patriotis ai o t, to en re nt o o m c d y We are ergy more an evident apath exert our en n, spite the urned o p to ti s o , s ev ry u D nt et u in p im ur Co o flagged, , er gh u ev o s th rt ea that our h t We feel as r behalf, bu ve her. u o in d ye la p dis ser n. are sworn to ents attentio us, now we m o m a is th ve gi Please oding es Henry Go am J l ra o rp o C Mass. Regt Co. C. 54th nd S.C. Morris Isla Discussion Questions: 1. W hat is the main purpose of Gooding’s letter to Lincoln? Why was he upset? ©2010 A&E Television Networks, LLC. All rights reserved. 01601. The following letter was written to President Abraham Lincoln by James Henry Gooding, a black corporal who had served in the 54th Massachusetts, the famed African American Civil War regiment. Further Explorations: What else was going on during this time period? Explore the sites below to learn more about the era of U.S. history covered in this episode. Learn about photography during the Civil War era www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/phcw/hd_ phcw.htm Images and background on the African American 54th Mass. Regiment www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_ originals/54thmass.html Native Americans in the West http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/ american_indians/uteindians.html Mormon settlement in Utah www.utah.com/cities/slc_history.htm Places to Visit: Interested in what you saw in this episode? Visiting historic sites is a great way for teachers, students, and families to learn more about the past. Explore these historic sites, or look for local historic sites in your town or city to visit. Gettysburg National Military Park www.nps.gov/gett/index.htm Clara Barton National Visitor Site (Maryland) www.nps.gov/clba/index.htm Vicksburg National Military Park www.nps.gov/vick/index.htm Antietam National Battlefield Park www.nps.gov/anti/index.htm 2. D o you think it was a brave decision for Gooding to write to Lincoln? What do you think the results of his letter might have been? America The STory of Us Episode 5: Civil War 3