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Brief about the Kokborok
Contents
1. Brief about the Kokborok
2-2
2. Spelling Method of Kokborok in Roman Script
3-4
3. LESSON – I : Some useful Words
4-5
4. LESSON – II : Some Root Verb and uses of Present, Past and Future forms
6-7
5. LESSON – III : Making of small sentences by using Verbs
7-8
6. LESSON – IV : More Past form: jak, ma, khna etc.
8-8
7. LESSON- V : Conversion of the Verbs form in the Present tense & Past Participle tense
9-9
8. LESSON – VI : Some sentence formation
10-10
9. LESSON – VII : A sentence with Noun, Verb and Verb (N+V+V)
11-11
10. LESSON – VIII : Few important words for learning Kokborok
11-12
11. LESSON – IX : Interrogative form & Sentences
12-13
12. LESSON – X : Uses of Verbs in Negative Sense form
13-13
13. LESSON – XI : To be Verbs are always remains silence
14-14
14. LESSON – XII : Wng represents am, is, are in Kokborok
14-14
15. LESSON – XIII : The Present Continuous Tense form of a Verb
15-15
16. LESSON – XIV : Ja, Nohrok, the honorific terms are used for request & expressing courtesy
16-16
17. LESSON – XV : Some useful Words – Parts of Body
16-17
18. LESSON – XVI : Some useful Words - Kinship
18-19
19. LESSON – XVII : Some useful Words
19-21
20. LESSON – XIII : Colors & Tastes
21-22
21. LESSON – XIX : Formation of Noun with a Root Verb
23-23
22. LESSON – XX : Uses of Gender
24-25
23. LESSON – XXI : A Rood Word become Adjective by affixing prefix
25-25
24. LESSON – XXII : The Degrees
26-26
25. LESSON – XXIII : Adjective always used after a Noun
26-26
26. LESSON – XXIV : Counting method in Kokborok
27-30
27. LESSON – XXV : Classifier counting method in Kokborok
30-32
28. LESSON – XXVI : Conversation - Introduction
32-33
Brief about the Kokborok
The Kokborok is a language of Borok people who are geographically known as Tripuris. It is
one of the state languages of Tripura notified on January 19, 1979.
The TTAADC has declared the Kokborok as official language of TTAADC on April 20, 1999.
The Kokborok is now comprising 17 nos Language Code among the 47 Language Code in
India according to the 6th All India Educational Survey. There are also 99 no languages having
no language code as well.
The Borok or Tripuris are inhabited not only in Tripura state but also in North-Eastern states,
Pithoragarh of Uttaranchal and neighboring countries like Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal and
Bhutan comprising about 1.5 million in numbers.
The Borok or Tripuris are the branch of Boro people of Assam belonging to the Sino-Tibetan
linguistic group and racially Mongoloids. The British Historians has recognized this people as
Tibeto-Burmise linguistic group.
According to Sir G. A. Grearson, as mentioned in book of the Linguistic Survey of India, there
are more or less 179 languages having 544 different dialects in India. Out of 179 languages,
116 languages belong to the Sino-Tibetan linguistic group which are mostly found in NorthEastern India. A Pyramid of the Sino-Tibetan linguistic group may be drawn for the better
understanding of this language:
-2-
SINO-TIBETAN
Chinese
Thai
Boro
Tibeto-Burmise
Burmise
Chutia Dimasa Garo Hojai Kokborok Kuch
Tibetan
Mech Rabha
Bru Debborma Jomatia Koloi Kwtal(Noatia) Murasing
Rupini
Tiwa(Lalung)
Tripura
Uchoi
There are a number of sub-dialect of the above mentioned 9(nine) dialect of the Kokborok.
The sub-dialect may be more familiar as Clan and number of Clan of each dialect have a
distinct identity. Some are based in the name of a famous person and some are skillfulness of
the particular group of people like the handicraft, waving, sweet tune of tongue and good
speaker etc. etc. The detail follows:
1.
Bru
17 sub
dialects or clan
2.
Debborma
11 sub
dialects or clan
3.
Jomatia
3 sub
dialects or clan
4.
Koloi
08 sub
dialects or clan
5.
Kwtal(Noatia)
6.
Muraing
04 sub
dialects or clan
7.
Rupini
11 sub
dialects or clan
8.
Tripura
25 sub
dialects or clan
9.
Uchoi
06 sub
dialects or clan
Therefore it has a micro classification of the community numbering about 85 (! ) as well.
Spelling Method of Kokborok in Roman Script
1. Pronunciation of Vowels:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A, a as in Apple.
E, e as in Emperor.
I, I as in Ink.
O, o as in Oblige
U, u as in Utgard.
W, w as in (U) Wake.
Apha – My Father
Er – To increase
Isri – The Queen
Ok – The Belly
Ul – Behind
Wng – To be
2. Uses of Vowel with a Consonants:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
B+a is Ba
B+e is Be
B+i is Bi
B+o is Bo
B+u is Bu
B+w is Bw
Bara – Short
Beng – Spider
Bihik – His Wife
Bol – Firewood
Bukung – Nose
Bwlwng – Abundance
-3-
3. Uses of Conjoint Letters – Ch, Kh, N’, Ng, Ph, Th, Ua, Uo:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Ch
Kha
N’
Ng
Ph
Th
Ua
Uo
-Chap
-Kham
-In’
- Nwng
-Phatar
- Thailik
-Uak
-Buo
To fold
Drum
Yes
You
Outside
Banana
Pig
Beat
4. The last alphabet of a word bearing K & P will be G & B after using
a vowel as suffix and the meaning will be changed:
1
2
3
4
Paithak – Last.
Kok – Language.
Koklop – Poem.
Khaklap – Chest.
Paithak + o – Pathago – In last.
Kok + o – Kogo – In language.
Koklop + o – Koklobo – In poem.
Khaklap + o – Khaklabo – In chest.
5. How to write High Tone:
Normal Tone
High Tone
Lai – Easy
Bor – Senseless
Cha – Right
Laih – Crossed
Bohr – To plant
Chah – To eat
Nukhung – Family
Nukhuhng – Roof.
LESSON - I
Some useful Words
English
I
We
You
You all
Your(s)
Your all
He/She
They
Theirs
To You
You all
Me
My/Mine
Ours
Them
Kokborok
Ang
Chwng
Nwng
Nohrok
Nini
Nohrokni
Bo
Bohrok
Bohrokni
Nono
Bohrokno
Ano
Ani
Chini
Bohrokno
-4-
Him/Her
His/Her
Who
Whom
What
Why
Where
There
Here
When
Name
Village
Town
City
State
Country
World
Sky
Universe
Bono
Bin
Sabo
Sabono
Tamo
Tamungwi
Boro
Aro
Oro
Buphru
Mung
Kami
Dohli
Dohliyung
Haste
Hakotor
Hayung
Nokha
Nokhayung
Exercise: Making of small sentence.
English
What is your name?
My name is Mr. X.
Who are you?
I am Mr. X.
Where is your village?
What is the name of your village?
What do you do?
Which state you belong to?
Kokborok
Nini mung tamo?
Ani mung Mg. X.
Nwng sabo?
Ang Mg. X.
Nini kami boro?
Nini kamini mung tamo?
Tamo khlai?
Nwng boh hasteni?
-5-
LESSON – II
Some Root Verb and uses of Present, Past and Future forms
Root Verb
Chah – to eat
Swi – to write
Him – to walk
Achuk – to sit
Thahng – to go Thahngo/Thahngdi
Bwcha – to stand up
Bwchao/Bwchadi
Bathak – to stop
Rwchap – to sing
Rwchabo/Rwchapdi
Mwsa – to dance Mwsao/Mwsadi
Kog – to shoot/to fire
Kap – to cry
Nai – to see/watch
Sa – to speak
Phai – to come
Rom – to hold/catch
So – to pull
Rw/Ri/Ro – to give
Dagar – to push
Nor – to replace
Kaso – to prevent
Yakar- to release
Tubu – to bring
Tong – to stay
Pori – to read
Lekha – to count
Berai – to tour
Present
Past
Future
o/di
Chahuo/Chahdi
Swio/Swidi
Himo/Himdi
Achugo/Achukdi
Thahngkha
Kha
Chahkha
Swikha
Himkha
Achukkha
Thahngnai
nai
Chahnai
Swinai
Himnai
Achuknai
Bwchakha
Bathago/Bathakdi
Bwchanai
Bathakkha
Bathaknai
Rwchapkha
Mwsakha
Kogo/Kogdi
Kabo/Kapdi
Naio/Naidi
Sao/Sadi
Phaio/Phaidi
Romo/Romdi
Souo/Sodi
Rwuo/Rwdi
Rido/Ridi
Rouo/Rodi
Rwchapnai
Mwsanai
Kogkha
Kapkha
Naikha
Sakha
Phaikha
Romkha
Sokha
Rwkha
Rikha
Rokha
Kognai
Kapnai
Nainai
Sanai
Phainai
Romnai
Sonai
Rwnai
Rinai
Ronai
Dagaro/Dagardi
Noro/Nordi
Kasouo/Kasodi
Yakaro/Yakardi
Tubuo/Tubudi
Tongo/Tongdi
Porio/Poridi
Lekhao/Lekhadi
Beraio/Beraidi
Dagarkha
Norkha
Kasokha
Yakarkha
Tubukha
Tongkha
Porikha
Lekhakha
Beraikha
Dagarnai
Nornai
Kasonai
Yakarnai
Tubunai
Tongnai
Porinai
Lekhanai
Berainai
-6-
Bir – to fly
Pai – to buy
Paih – finish
Bak – to distribute
Cheng – to start Chengo/Chengdi
Biro/Birdi
Paio/Paidi
Paihuo/Paihd
Bago/Bakdi
Chengo/Chengdi
Birkha
Paikha
Paihkha
Bakkha
Chengkha
Birnai
Painai
Paihnai
Baknai
Chengnai
Lamsok – to welcome
Yachak – to receive
Yaphar – to handover
Bam – to hug
Hor – to carry in back
Lamsogo/Lamsokd
Yachago/Yachakdi
Yapharo/Yaphardi
Bamo/Namdi
Horo/Hordi
Lamsokkha
Yachakkha
Yapharkha
Bamkha
Horkha
Lamsoknai
Yachaknai
Yapharnai
Bamnai
Exercise: Make present, past and future form with root verb.
Present
Kuchuk – to cough
Swhng – to ask
Kha – to bind
Bihr – to bag
Bom – to bow down
Past
-
-
LESSON - III
Making of small sentences by using Verbs
Present form:
English
Kokborok
He eat
They eat
Sit down
You sit down
Sit down please
You(all) sit down please
You come
Tell him
Bo Chahuo
Bohrok chahuo
Achukdi
Nwng achukdi
Achukjadi
Nohorok achukjadi
Nwng phaidi
Bono sadi
-7-
Future
-
Past form:
English
Kokborok
I told
We wrote
He came
They walked
You gave him
They worked together
Ang sakha
Chwng swikha
Bo phaikha
Bohrok himkha
Nwng bono rwkha
Bohrok tanglaikha
Future form:
English
Kokborok
I shall go
We shall sing
You will go
You(all) will go
He/She will dance
They will come
Ang thahngnai
Chwng rwchapnai
Nwng thahngnai
Nohrok thahngnai
Bo mwsanai
Bohrok phainai
Exercise: Make three small sentences each of present, past &
future form.
LESSON - IV
More Past form: jak, ma, khna etc.
English
Kokborok
I told
We wrote
He came
They walked
You gave him
They worked together
Ang thahnganw
Chwng rwchabanw
Nwng thahnglak
Nohrok thahnglak
Nwng bono rwkhna
Bohrok tanglaikhna
More Future form: anw, glak, ya etc.
English
Kokborok
shall go
We shall sing
You will go
You(all) will go
He/She will dance
They will come
Ang thahnganw
Chwng rwchabanw
Nwng thahnglak
Nohrok thahnglak
Bo mwsaya
Bohrok phaiya
Exercise: Make one sentence each with jak, ma, khan, anw, glak
& ya.
-8-
LESSON- V
Conversion of the Verbs form in the Present tense & Past
Participle tense
English
Kokborok
Eats/Eat
Eat
Has eaten
I eat
He eats
He has eaten
I have eaten
Chahuo
Chahdi
Chahkha
Ang chahuo
Bo chahuo
Bo chahkha
Ang chahkha
Also other Verbs may be used as follows:
English
Kokborok
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Has
Phaikha
Rwkha
Thahngkha
Romkha
Kapkha
Mwsakha
Swikha
Porikha
Chahkha
Himkha
Rwchapkha
Rikkha
come
given
gone
caught
cried
danced
written
read
eaten
walked
sung
drawn
Exercise: Make two sentences each of Conversion of the Verbs
form in the present tense & past participle tense & uses of other
verbs.
-9-
LESSON - VI
Some sentence formation
A sentence only with a Verb (V)
English
Kokborok
Come
Eat
Write
Walk
Sing
Push
Saw
Sung
Push
Will buy
Will welcome
Will start
Phaio
Chahuo
Swio
Himdi
Rwchapdi
Dagardi
Naikha
Rwchapkha
Dagarkha
Painai
Lamsoknai
Chengnai
A sentence with Subject and Verb (S + V)
English
Kokborok
I eat
He write
Your read
We saw
You (all) will do
They will fire
I shall go
We shall stay
Ang chaho
Bo swio
Nwng porio
Chwng naikha
Norok tangnai
Bohrok kognai
Ang thahngnai
Chwng tongnai
A sentence with Noun, Objective and Verb (N+O+V)
English
Kokborok
I eat rice
Ang mai chahuo
We go there
Chwng uro thahngo
You read book
Nwng bijap porikha
You went home
Nohrok nogo tangkha
He will go to school
Bo rwngnogo thahngnai
They will remain at office Bohrok habanogo tongnai
Exercise: Make one sentence each with a Verb(V), Subject +
Object(S+O) and Noun + Objective + Verb(N+O+V).
- 10 -
LESSON - VII
A sentence with Noun, Verb and Verb (N+V+V)
English
Kokborok
He is reading
I went to sleep
Bo poriui tongo
Ang thuna thahngkha
You come to go
Nwng thahngna phaidi
A sentence with Noun, Noun, Verb and Verb (N+N+V+V)
English
Kokborok
You come to do work
You go to do work
Nwng samung tangna phaidi
Nwng samung tangna thahngo
He remain eating rice
Bo mai chahui tongo
Exercise: Make one sentence each of
Noun + Verb
Verb(N+V+V) and Noun + Noun + Verb + Verb(N+N+V+V).
LESSON – VIII
Few important words for learning Kokborok
English
Kokborok
Today
Tomorrow
Day after tomorrow
Yesterday
Day before yesterday
Day/Sun
Sunbeam
Night
Dawn
Morning
Afternoon
Evening
Month/Moon
Season
Tini
Khwna
Soni
Miya
Okhlwi
Sal
Satung
Hor
Aichuk
Phung
Sarik
Sanja
Tal
Mol
Making of small sentences by using the above words
- 11 -
+
English
Kokborok
Today
He came today at home
Tomorrow
I shall go tomorrow
Yesterday
Kormo came yesterday
Day after tomorrow
Came on day after tomorrow
Day before yesterday
They went day before yesterday
Day
It is a day
Sunbeam
Dry it in sunbeam
Night
He went at night
Dawn
It is dawn
Morning
You come at morning
Afternoon
He will come at afternoon
Evening
You stay at home in the
evening
Moon
I saw the moon
Season
Tini
Bo tini nogo phaio
Khwna
Ang khwna thahngnai
Miya
Kormo miya phaikha
Soni
Nwng soni phaidi
khlwi
Bohrok okhlwi thahngkha
Sal
Tabuk sal
Satung
Satungo phwrangdi
Hor
Bo horo thahngkha
Aichuk
Aichuk wngkha
Phung
Nwng phungo phaidi
Sarik
Bo sarigo phainai
Sanja
The season has changed
Mol swlaikha
Nwng sanjao nogo tongdi
Tal
Ang tal nukkha
Mol
Exercise: Make five small sentences with Today, Night, Sal,
Morning & Evening
LESSON – IX
Interrogative form & Sentences
Uses of Verbs in Interrogative Form
> tamo, de, boro, buphru, made, bahai etc.
English
Kokborok
Tamo
What is your name?
De
Boro
Do you eat rice?
Where he has gone?
- 12 -
Nini mung tagmo?
Nwng maide
chahkha?
Bo boro thahng? –
Buphru When you will eat?
Made
Bahai
Nwng buphru chahnai
Did it will get
today?
How are you?
Tinile mademanno?
Bahai nwng kaham-kwrwngde?
Uses of Interrogative Sentences
Present Indefinite
Past Participle
Future
Khade? – Have or Has? Yade? – Will is not? Naide? – Will not?
Application of khade, yade and naide:
Khade – Nwng chahkhade?
Khade – Bohrok
thahngkhade?
Yade – Nwng chahyade?
Yade – Nwng mwsayade?
Naide – Nohrok phainaide?
Naide – Bohrok phainaide?
Have you taken (eaten )?
Have they gone?
Will you not
Will you not dance?
Will you(all) come?
Will they come?
Exercise: Make one sentence each with Interrogative forms of
tamo, de, boro, buphru, made, bahai, khade, yade and naide.
LESSON - X
Uses of Verbs in Negative Sense form
> ya, yakhu, yana, glak, niya, ta, kwrwi
English
Ya
Yakhu
Yana
Glak
Niya
I do not eat rice
He did not come
Perhaps you did not come
Perhaps he did not go
Perhaps he did not go
Ta
Kwrwi
You do not go today
I have no food
Kokborok
Ang mai chahya
Bo phaiyakhu
Nwng phaiyana
Bo thahnglak
Bo thahngniya
Nwng tini
tathahngdi
Ani chahna kwrwi
Exercise: Make two sentences each with ya, yakhu, yana, glak,
niya, ta, kwrwi
- 13 -
LESSON - XI
To be Verbs are always remains silence
am, is, are
Am
Is
Are
English
Kokborok
I am Kolompa
I am doing work
He is Tripuris
He is walking
You are Kormoti
You are happy
Ang Kolompa
Ang tangwi tongo
Bo Tiprasa
Bo himwi tongo
Nwng Kormoti
Nwng tongthokjak
Exercise: Make two sentences each without to be verbs of am, is, are.
LESSON – XII
Wng represents am, is, are in Kokborok
English
Kokborok
I am Mr. Kwplai
He is Chairman
Ang wngkha Mg.
Kwplai
Bo wngkha Chairman
What are the matter with you?
Nohrok tamo wng?
Exercise: Make two sentences each with Wng which is represents am, is, are
in Kokborok.
- 14 -
LESSON – XIII
The Present Continuous Tense form of a Verb
wi or ui are always used with the Root Verbs:
wi
English
Kokborok
He is writing
They are going
Sleeping
Sweeping
Cleaning
He is walking
We are walking
He is seeing
They are sleeping
We are guarding
Swiwi tongo
Thahngwi tongo
Thuwi tongo
Pharwi tongo
Huwi tongo
Bo himwi tongo
Chwng himwi tongo
Bo naiwi tong
Bohrok thuwi tongo
Chwng mwrwgwi tongo
ui
English
Kokborok
I am eating
Washing
Climbing up
Jumping
I am reading
Sleeping
Ang chahui tongo
Suhui tongo
Kasaui tongo
Barsaui tongo
Ang poriui tongo
Thuui tongo
Exercise: Make three sentences with wi & ui which are always
used with the root verbs.
- 15 -
LESSON - XIV
Ja, Nohrok, the honorific terms are used for request &
expressing courtesy
English
Ja
Kokborok
Please sit down
Please take seat
Please drink
Please, do not speak.
Please come
Please write down
Achukjadi
Nohrok achukjadi
Nwngjadi
Kok tasajadi
Phaijadi
Swijadi
Nohorok - You, to a single person (Specially to Father-in-law,
Elder brother-in-law etc.)
You please drink
Nohorok Nwngjadi
You please come
Nohrok phaijadi
When you came please ?
Nohrok buphru phaijakha?
Exercise: Make two sentences each with Ja & Nohrok as honorific
terms used for request & expressing courtesy.
LESSON – XV
Some useful Words
Parts of Body
English
Kokborok
Head
Mouth
Hair
Nose
Ear
Face
Skin
Bone
Waist
Heart
Stomach
Tooth
Eye
Lip
Back
Bokhorok/Khorok
Bukhuk/Khuk
Bwkhwnai/Khwnai
Bukung/Kung
Bukhunju/Khunju
Bumakhang/Mwkhang
Bukur/Kur
Bekereng
Bwchang
Bwkha/Kha
Bohok/Ok
Bua/Ua
Mokol
Khumchwi
Phikung
- 16 -
Hair Bun
Back Bone
Chest
Cheek
Hand
Arm
Finger
Step
Thump
Palm
Leg
Nail
Knee
Elbow
Khaju
Bisma
Khaklap
Khangar
Yak
Yaktwk
Yasi
Yapri
Yasima
Yapha
Yakung
Yasiku
Yasku
Yaksku
Buttock
Khichlang
Uses in Singular and Plural Numbers
Rok for Plural Number
Singular
Plural
English
Kokborok
English
Kokborok
The
The
The
The
The
Bokhorok
Bukhuk
Mokol
Yak
Yasi
The
The
The
The
The
Bokhorokrok
Bukhukrok
Mokolrok
Yakrok
Yasirok
Head
Mouth
Eye
Hand
Finger
Heads
Mouths
Eyes
Hands
Fingers
Song for Plural Number
Singular
Plural
English
Kokborok
English
Kokborok
The Partner
His/Her Sister
Logi
Bibi
Logisong
Bisisong
His/Her Brother
Bwta
The Partners
His/Her Sisters
His/Her Brothers
Bwtasong.
Bwtasong.
Exercise: Make three sentences with Rok & Song for the plural
number.
- 17 -
LESSON – XVI
Some useful Words
Kinship
English
Father
Mother
Brother
Sister
Off Spring
Son
Daughter
Maternal Aunt
Paternal Aunt
Uncle
Aunty
Husband of Paternal Aunty
Elder/Older Sister
Brother-in-law
Paternal Uncle
Wife of Paternal Wife
Elder/Older Brother
Wife
Husband
Sister-in-law
Grandson/daughter
Grandpa
Grandma
Younger Brother
Younger Sister
Brother in general
Kokborok
Pha
Ma
Takhuk
Bukhuk
Sa
Sajla
Sajwk
Toi/Moi
Pih
Khra
Khri/Khrijwk
Pihya
Bai
Kumui
Yong
Yongbwrwi
Ta/Da
Hik
Sai
Bachwi
Suk
Chu/Chuchu
Chwi
Phayung
Hanok
Dong
Application of kinship word in three persons.
For Example: Pha – Father
Kokborok
1st Person
English
Ani Pha > Apha
My Father
nd
Person
Nini Pha > Nwpha
Your Father
rd
Person
Bini Pha > Bupha
His/Her Father
2
3
Ani Sajla > Angsajla
My Son
Nini Sajla > Nwsajla Your
Son
- 18 -
Bini/Boni Sajla > Bwsajla
His/Her Son
Ani Hanok > Anghanok
My Younger Sister
Nini Hanok > Nahanok
Your Younger sister
Ani Sai > Angsai
My Husband
Nini Sai > Nwsai Your
Husband
Ani Hik > Anghik My
Wife
Nini Hik > Nihik Your Wife
Bini/Boni Hanok > Bahanok
His/Her Younger Sister
Bini Sai > Bwsai Her
Husband
Bini Hik > Bihik His Wife
Exercise: Make two words of kinship using it in 1st person, 2nd
person & 3rd person.
LESSON – XVII
Some useful Words
English
Kokborok
Cloth
Wealth
Dress
Cloth for Women
Cloth for taking
bath
Cloth for breast
cover
Shirt
Pant
Counting
Reading
Writing
Turban
Torch
Boarder
Ri
Rang-ri
Ri-chum
Rignai
Rituku
Risa
Kamchwlwi
Photlong
Lekhamung
Porimung
Swimung
Bira
Homchang
Ari
English
Kokborok
Origin
Root
Group/Community
Tree
Stem
Bulk
Earth/Soil
Tree Top/End
Design
Yaphang
Yarwng
Bosong
Buphang
Bokong
Bukur
Ha
Buchuk
Bumul
- 19 -
Money
Market
Oil
Water
Rivulet/Small
River
Lake
Sea
Ocean
Rain
Area
Air
Sky
Cloud
Star
Thunder
Hail/Ice
Salt
Long/Tall
Short
High
Low
Smooth
Scent/Smell
Bad Smell
Dry & Sticky
Smooth in Taste
Rang
Hati
Thok
Twi
Twisa
Twima
Twithu
Twibom
Twijlang
Uatwi
Amchai
Nobar
Nokha
Chumui
Athukiri
Pherang
Kothor
Sohm
Kolok
Bara
Kuchuk
Hache
Milik
Motom
Mwnam
Kwphak
Kwsai
English
Kokborok
Fresh
Old
New
Light
Heavy
Bright
Right
Dark/Gloom
Left
East
West
South
North
Alive
Dead
Beautiful
Ugly
Life
Body
Kwthar
Kwcham
Kwtal
Heleng
Hilik
Kwchwng
Yagra
Komok
Yaksi
Salka
Salthahng
Salgra
Salsi/gurung
Kwthang
Kwthwi
Naithok
Sitra
Langma
Mang
- 20 -
Reality
Dream
Strong
Weak
Truth
FALSE
Thick
Thin
Lean
Big
Narrow
Fat
Small
Speedy
Slow
Deep
Mukthang
Imang
Kwrak
Kebel
Kubui
Tatal
Rwja
Base
Keram
Kotor
Khochor
Kuphung
Gira/Ste/Bwsate
Kodo
Keler
Kuthuk
Shallow
Thene
Exercise: Remind all the above words for easy Kokborok learning.
LESSON - XIII
Colors
English
Kokborok
White
Black
Red
Green
Yellow
Blue
Sky
Orange
Kuphur
Kosom
Kwchak
Kwkhrang
Kormo
Pimol
Nokha
Sumrai
Uses of Present, Past and Future form of a Color:
Name of color
Past
Future
Phuro
Phurkha
Phurnai
Somkha
Somnai
Red – Kwchak>Chak Khago Chakkha
Chaknai
White – Kuphur>Phur
Black – Kosom>Som Somo
Present
- 21 -
Tastes
English
Kokborok
Sweet
Sour
Bitter
Stale
Rotten ( Food)
Rotten (Fruit)
Dry
Soft
Cool
Hard
Hot
Hot (Chili)
Kwtwi
Kwkhwi
Kwkha
Kwsai
Kusum
Kosok
Kwran
Kwlwi
Kwchang
Kwrak
Kutung
Yok
Uses of Present, Past and Future form of a Taste
Name of taste
Sweet – Kwtwi>Twi Twio
Present
Past
Twikha
Twinai
Sour – Kwkhwi>Khwi Khwio Khwikha
Khwinai
Tasteless – Kwsai>Sai Saio
Saikha
Sainai
Dry – Kwran>Ran
Rankha
Rannai
Rano
Future
Exercise: Make two words each with Color & Taste of present,
past & future form.
- 22 -
LESSON – XIX
Formation of Noun with a Root Verb
Mung with a Root Verbs
Chah – to eat
Chah + mung > Chahmung
Food.
Nwng – to drink
Nwng + mung > Nwngmung
Drinks.
Tang – to do
Tang + mung > Tangmung
Work
Mung with an Adjective
Naithok – Nice
Naithok + mung > Naithokmung
Beauty
Phur – White
Phur + mung > Phurmung
Whiteness
Chak – Red
Chak + mung > Chakmung
Redness
Thai with a Rood Verb
Chah – to eat
Phai – to come
Wng – to happen
Ham – to be good
Chah + thai > Chahthai
Phai + thai > Phaithai
Wng + thai > Wngthai
Ham + thai > Hamthai
Food
Necessary to come
Necessary to happen
Necessary to be good
Nai with a Root Verb
Chah – to eat
Phai – to come
Him – to walk
Chah + nai > Chahnai
Phai + nai > Phainai
Him + nai > Himnai
Eater.
Comer
Walker
Exercise: Make two words each of Mung with a root verb, Mung
with an adjective, Thai with a rood verb & Nai with a root verb.
- 23 -
LESSON – XX
Uses of Gender
There are 4(four) Gender in Kokborok
Masculine Gender
Kokborok
English
Chu
Chwla
Kiching
Pha
Sai
Ta
Takhuk
Kra
Sajla
Aphurai
Kosomrai
Togla
Pun
Grand Father
Man
Boy Friend
Father
Husband
Elder Brother
Brother
Father-in-law
Son
Name of a Man
Name of a Man
Cock
Goat
Feminine Gender
Kokborok
English
Chwi
Bwrwi
Mare
Ma
Hik
Bi/Bai
Bukhuk
Krajwk
Sajwk
Grand Mother
Woman
Girl Friend
Mother
Wife
Elder Sister
Sister
Mother-in-law
Daughter
Aphuti
Kosomti
Tokma
Puma
Name of a Woman
Name of a Woman
Hen
Mother Goat
- 24 -
Common Gender
English
Kokborok
Human being
speaking people
Son or Daughter
Bird
Dog
Cow
or Kokborok
Borok
Sah
Tok
Swih
Musuk
Neutral Gender
English
Kokborok
Book
Candle
God
House
Pen
Table
Bijap/Laihsi
Chati
Kaitor
Nok
Swikong
Songphang
Exercise: Write two words each of Masculine Gender, Feminine
Gender, Common Gender & Neutral Gender.
LESSON - XXI
A Root Word become Adjective by affixing prefix
Root Word
Prefix
Root Word Adjective
Sok – to rot
Ko
sok
Kosok-Rotted
Chang – to cold
Kw
chang
Kwchang-Cold
Som – to black
Ko
som
Kosom-Black
Chik – to tear
Ki
chuik
Kichik -Tear up
Phek – intoxicate
Ke
phek
Kephek-Intoxicated
Ham – to be good
Ka
ham
Kaham-Good
Exercise: Make five root words which become adjective by affixing
prefix.
- 25 -
LESSON – XXII
The Degrees
Word
Good
Positive
Comparative
Kaham
Swlai Kaham
Superlative
Kahamkuk
Kahamsuk
Kahamthak
Kahamthakjak
Jotoni Kaham
Jotoni Swlai Kaham
Jotoni Bising Kaham
Jotoni Bero Kaham
Belai Kaham
Kahamni Bising Kaham
Kahamni Bero Kaham
Exercise: Find the positive, comparative & superlative degree of
five words.
LESSON – XXIII
Adjective always used after a Noun
Noun
Adjective
Sentence
Kokborok
Aphurai
Hayung
Lama
Bo
Nok
Borok
Bwsak
Bahan
Sengsa
kolok
kiting
bara
naithok
ste/bwsate
kuphung
kuphur
kosok
kubuk
English
Aphurai kolok
Hayung kiting
Lama bara
Bo naithok
Nok ste/bwsate
Borok kuphung
Bwsak kuphur
Bahan kosok
Sengsa kubuk
Aphurai is tall
The Earth is round
The Road is short
He is beautiful
Small house
Fatty Man
Fair skin
Rotten meat/flesh
Sharp knife
Exercise: Write down five sentences where adjectives are always
used after a noun.
- 26 -
LESSON - XXIV
Counting method in Kokborok
Counting
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
English
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Ten
Eleven
Twelve
Thirteen
Fourteen
Fifteen
Sixteen
Seventeen
Eighteen
Nineteen
Twenty
Twentyone
Twentytwo
Twentythree
Twentyfour
Twentyfive
Twentysix
Twentyseven
Twentyeight
Twentynine
Thirty
Thirtyone
Thirtytwo
Thirtythree
Thirtyfour
Thirtyfive
Thirtysix
Thirtyseven
Thirtyeight
Thirtynine
Kokborok
Sa
Nwi
Tham
Brwi
Ba
Dok
Sni
Char
Chuku
Chi
Chisa
Chinwi
Chitham
Chibrwi
Chiba
Chidok
Chisni
Chichar
Chichuku
Nwichi
Nwichisa
Nwichinwi
Nwichitham
Nwichibrwi
Nwichiba
Nwichidok
Nwichisni
Nwichichar
Nwichichuku
Thamchi
Thamchisa
Thamchinwi
Thamchitham
Thamchibrwi
Thamchiba
Thamchidok
Thamchisni
Thamchichar
Thamchichuku
- 27 -
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
Forty
Fortyone
Fortytwo
Fortythree
Fortyfour
Fortyfive
Fortysix
Fortyseven
Fortyeight
Fortynine
Fifty
Fiftyone
Fiftytwo
Fiftythree
Fiftyfour
Fiftyfive
Fiftysix
Fiftyseven
Fiftyeight
Fiftynine
Sixty
Sixtyone
Sixtytwo
Sixtythree
Sixtyfour
Sixtyfive
Sixtysix
Sixtyseven
Sixtyeight
Sixtynine
Seventy
Seventyone
Seventytwo
Seventythree
Seventyfour
Seventyfive
Seventysix
Seventyseven
Seventyeight
Seventynine
Eighty
Eightyone
Eightytwo
Eightythree
Eightyfour
Eightyfive
Eightysix
Eightyseven
Eightyeight
Brwichi
Brwichisa
Brwichinwi
Brwichitham
Brwichibrwi
Brwichiba
Brwichidok
Brwichisni
Brwichichar
Brwichichuku
Bachi
Bachisa
Bachinwi
Bachitham
Bachibrwi
Bachiba
Bachidok
Bachisni
Bachichar
Bachichuku
Dokchi
Dokchisa
Dokchinwi
Dokchitham
Dokchibrwi
Dokchiba
Dokchidok
Dokchisni
Dokchichar
Dokchichuku
Snichi
Snichisa
Snichinwi
Snichitham
Snichibrwi
Snichiba
Snichidok
Snichisni
Snichichar
Snichichuku
Charchi
Charchisa
Charchinwi
Charchitham
Charchibrwi
Charchiba
Charchidok
Charchisni
Charchichar
- 28 -
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
100
101
200
201
300
Eightynine
Charchichuku
Ninety
Chukuchi
Ninetyone
Chukuchisa
Ninetytwo
Chukuchinwi
Ninetythree
Chukuchitham
Ninetyfour
Chukuchibrwi
Ninetyfive
Chukuchiba
Ninetysix
Chukuchidok
Ninetyseven
Chukuchisni
Ninetyeight
Chukuchichar
Ninetynine
Chukuchichuku
Hundred
Ra
One Hundred
Sara
Hundred & One
Ra Sa
Two Hundred
Nwira
Two Hundred&One Nwira Sa
Three Hundred
Thamra
Three Hundred &
301
One
Thamra Sa
400
Four Hundred
Brwi Ra
Four
Hundred&
401
Brwira Sa
One
500
Five Hundred
Bara
501
Five Hundred &One Bara Sa
600
Six Hundred
Dok
601
Six Hundred &One Dokra Sa
700
Seven Hundred
Snira
Seven
Hundred
701
&One
Snira Sa
800
Eight Hundred
Charra
Eight
Hundred&
801
Charra Sa
One
900
Nine Hundred
Chukura
Nine Hundred &
901
Chukura Sa
One
1000
Thousand
Sai
1001
Thousand & One
Sai Sa
5000
Five Thousand
Basai
10,000
Ten Thousand
Chisai
Ten Thousand &
10,001
One
Chisai Sa
100,000 Lakh
Rasai
100,001 One Lakh & One
Rasai Sa
200,000 Two Lakh
Nwi Rasai
200,001 Two Lakh & One
Nwi Rasai Sa
1,000,000 Million
Chirasai
- 29 -
1,000,001
2,000,000
2,000,001
10,000,000
Million & One
Two Million
Two Million & One
Crore
Chirasai Sa
Nwi Chirasai
Nwi Chirasaisa
Rwjag
Exercise: Remind the counting method of Kokborok
LESSON - XXV
Classifier counting method in Kokborok
Sl No. The Classifier To count
English meaning
1.
Bangthaya
kisa
a small in amount or size
2.
Becheng
chengsa
stick like a bamboo branches
3.
Bedek
deksa
branch of a tree
4.
Belep
lepsa
a piece of flat thing like coin
5.
Bepeng
pengsa
something taking shape byputting into pipe
6.
Berechek
recheksa
a piece of teared bamboo
7.
Berem
remsa
a row
8.
Bethek
theksa
a knot of a bamboo
9.
Biphring
nakiksa
very small in size
10.
Bisi
bisa
one year
11.
Bodol
dolsa
a group of people
12.
Bojor
jorsa
a pair
13.
Bokcho
kochosa
a piece cutting by something
14.
Bokhok
khoksa
denoting one rupee in coin
15.
Bokhor
khorsa
a hole in the earth
16.
Bokol
kolsa
a small round size like an eye
17.
Bokong
kongsa
a stick
18.
Bolokhong
lokhongsa
any one kind of cover
19.
Bophai
phaihsa
an extra amount of flesh
20.
Bophak
phaksa
21.
Borok
22.
Bosok
khoroksa
soksa
a bundle of firewood
a human being
a top of a tree
- 30 -
23.
Bothop
thopsa
a drop of liquid
24.
Botok
toksa
a piece of any kind of long thing
25.
Bubar
barsa
a flower
26.
Buchu
chusa
a small bundle or baggage
27.
Buduk
duksa
a piece of creeper
28.
Budul
dulsa
a round piece
29.
Bukhurung khungsa
a hole in big size
30.
Bumung
mungsa
one kind
31.
Buphang
phangsa
a tree
32.
Burung
rungsa
the act of keeping in a heap
33.
Busup
supsa
a joint or a confluence
34.
Buthup
thupsa
a bush
35.
Bwcham
chamsa
a mark of lash
36.
Bwhtwi
lukasa
the act of pouring of liquidfor the first time
37.
Bwkhak
khaksa
a half piece
38.
Bwkwrang
kangsa
a thin thing like a paper etc.
39.
Bwlaih
laihsa
a leaf
40.
Bwlam
lamsa
a hole or one way
41.
Bwlap
lapsa
a part like the beehives
42.
Bwlwng
lwngsa
a sum of trees over in a particular areas
43.
Bwtahng
tahngsa
a row
44.
Bwthaih
thaihsa
a fruit
45.
Bwthap
thapsa
a piece of liquid became solid
46.
Bwtwk
twksa
a full of pot
47.
Bwtwng
twngsa
a piece of thread
48.
Chempai
chempaisa a full of chempai ( a basket)
49.
Chokjaknai choksa
act of separating the dust apart from grains
50.
Dalbidal
dalsa
a different kind
51.
Dingra
dingrasa
a full of dingra (a basket)
52.
Dol
dolsa
a full of dol (a basket)
53.
Eng
engsa
a middle part of bamboo of two joint
54.
Hathi
55.
Hor
56.
Kaih manya kaisa
57.
Kaisleng
hathibarasa a week
horsa
a night
one could not identified the size
kaislengsa a full of kaisleng (a basket)
58.
Khanai
khanaisa
a mouthful of betel nut
59.
Khlaimung
uaisa
one time
60.
Khuri
khurisa
a full of a cup
61.
Kisa
kisisa
a small in size
62.
Langa
langasa
a full of langa ( a basket)
- 31 -
63.
Lujaknai
lukasa
pouring one time
64.
Luta
lutasa
a full of luta ( a metallic pot)
65.
Mairang
mairangsa
a full of dish
66.
Malmata
masa
an animal
67.
Mohl
mohlsa
a long period or a reign
68.
Mol
molsa
a season
69.
Phala ; pharaphalasa
a piece of any kind of flat thing
70.
Phara ; phala
pharasa
a piece of any kind of flat thing
71.
Phari
pharisa
a bumble of paddy
72.
Phekokjak
phekoksa
a part of cut object
73.
Phil
philsa
an act of performing something
74.
Ra
sara
one hundred
75.
Rang
khoksa
one rupee
76.
Rasai
sarasai
one lakh or ten thousand
77.
Rwjag
sarwjak
one crore or ten million
78.
Sai
sasai
one thousand
79.
Tal
talsa
one month
Exercise: Remind the classifier counting method of Kokborok
LESSON – XXVI
Conversation
Introduction
English
Kokborok
Good Morning.
Good Afternoon.
Good Evening.
Good Night.
Sit down.
Sit down please.
Please be seated.
What is your name?
Phung Kaham.
Sairik Kaham.
Sanja Kaham.
Hor Kaham.
Achukdi
Achukjadi.
Achukjadi.
Nini mung tamo?
My name is Mr. X.
How are you?
Ani mung Mr.X.
Nwng kahamde
Bengali
- 32 -
>Nwng kaham-kwrwngde.
>Nwng kaham-kwrwngde tong.
Au, ang kahmano
>Ang kaham-kwrwngno.
Bisingo phaijadi/Bisingo hapjadi.
Tamo chahnai?
Tamo hamjak?
Kwchangde Kutung?
Chahjadi.
Nwngjadi.
Yes, I am fine.
Please come in.
What will you take?
What do you prefer?
Cold or Hot?
Please take.
Please drink.
Where you come from? Nwng boroni phai?
When you came?
When you will go?
Where you are going?
Do you smoke?
No, I do not smoke.
Are you hurry?
Yes.
No.
Ok/Bye
See you again.
Nwng buphru phaikha?
Nwng buphru thahngnai?
Nwng boro thahngwi tong?
Nwng hukulde nwng?
In’hi ang nwngya.
Nwng dojakde?
In’/Au
In’hi.
Thahngkha.
Malaiphiuanw.
>Teisa malayanw.
When we are meet in again? Buphru
malaiphinai?
Do not worry.
Do not worry please.
Come with your all family members.
Tauanadi.
Tauanajadi.
Nini nukhungni borokrokno tubui
phaijadi.
Kokrok sahorjadi dou.
Please keep in touch.
Please give your mobile number.
Nini mobile number kisa rijadi.
Do swijadi.
Nini emailed tong?
Angle nono khatangsinai.
Kokborok belai khnathothok
Ang tabuk Kokborok kaham khaino saui
mano.
Hamsukkha/Kahamno wngkha
Hambai/Nono hambai.
Please write down.
Do you have email?
I shall miss you.
Kokborok is a sweet language.
Now I can speak Kokborok fluently.
Very good.
Thank you.
Hambai / Thanks
- 33 -