Download BIOL 3244: Human Anatomy SI Mock Exam: Final Ian Stewart Name

BIOL 3244: Human Anatomy
SI Mock Exam: Final
Ian Stewart
Name _____________________________________
Select the best answer for each question.
1. In anatomic regional terms, “head, shoulders, knees, and toes” would be:
A. Face, acromion, patellar or popliteal, digital
B. Cephalic, acromial, patellar or popliteal, digital
C. Cephalic, axillary, patellar or popliteal, pedal
D. Cephalic, acromial, patellar or popliteal, pedal
2. The layer of connective tissue responsible for forming lobules in the testis by invaginations
called septa is the:
A. Tunica albuginea
B. Tunica vasculara
C. Tunica vaginalis
D. Tunica intima
E. Tunica media
3. The cell body of a second order sensory neuron in the fasciculus gracilis spinal tract is in the
______________________, located in the _________________________.
A. Nucleus gracilis, medulla oblongata
B. Nucleus cuneatus, pons
C. Nucleus cuneatus, mesencephalon
D. Nucleus gracilis, mesencephalon
E. Nucleus cuneatus, medulla oblongata
4. Which of the following cell types is not a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
A. Macula densa
B. Mesangial cells
C. Juxtaglomerular cells
D. All of the above are cells related to the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
5. The _______________________, branches of the common carotid arteries, and the
__________________, branches of the subclavian arteries, form the Circle of Willis in the brain.
A. External carotid arteries, vertebral arteries
B. Internal carotid arteries, basilar arteries
C. Basilar arteries, vertebral arteries
D. Internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries
E. External carotid arteries, basilar arteries
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6. One mechanism that decreases serum calcium levels involves inhibition of
_______________________ by _______________________.
A. Osteoblasts, parathyroid hormone
B. Osteoclasts, calcitriol
C. Osteoclasts, calcitonin
D. Osteoblasts, calcitonin
E. Osteoclasts, parathyroid hormone
7. Melanocyte stimulating hormone will exert an effect on which of the following?
A. Pineal gland
C. Epidermis
B. Substantia nigra
D. Epithalamus
8. Nuclei in the hypothalamus that are NOT responsible for producing regulatory hormones for the
endocrine system include:
1.
Supraoptic nucleus
3. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
2.
Paraventricular nucleus
4. Tuberal area
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
9. Which of the following organs does not have rugae in the mucosa?
A. Gall bladder
B. Vagina
C. Urinary bladder
D. Uterus
E. All of the above have rugae.
10. A bone collar is a feature one would observe in which of the following processes?
A. Endochondral ossification
B. Dermal ossification
C. Appositional growth
D. Interstitial growth
11. Damage to an upper motor neuron can result in what kind(s) of paralysis?
A. Flaccid paralysis
B. Rigid paralysis
C. Spastic paralysis
D. More than one of the above
E. All of the above
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12. The epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule is:
A. Pseudostratified cuboidal epithelium with microvilli
B. Simple cuboidal epithelium with cilia
C. Simple cuboidal epithelium without apical modifications
D. Simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli
E. Stratified cuboidal epithelium with microvilli
13. Renin, produced by_______________________ in the kidney, will exert an effect on
angiotensinogen to cause, eventually, vasoconstriction. What layer of the arteriole wall will
angiotensin II effect?
A. Granular cells, tunica externa
B. Macula densa cells, tunica media
C. Mesangial cells, tunica media
D. Mesangial cells, tunica intima
E. Juxtaglomerular cells, tunica intima
14. Spermatogenesis:
A. Produces fewer gametes per division event than oogenesis.
B. Has pauses during the meiotic divisions.
C. Occurs in the seminal vesicles.
D. Is the process in which spermatids are physically matured into spermatozoa.
E. None of the above.
15. Which spinal segments do not have any major contributions to a nerve plexus?
A. C1-C5
B. C5-T1
C. T2-T12
D. L1-L4
E. L4-S4
16. An example of an irregular bone is:
A. Scapula
B. Humerus
C. Vertebra T1
D. Clavicle
17. The lamina propria in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts is made of:
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Reticular connective tissue
C. Dense irregular connective tissue
D. Adipose tissue
E. Elastic connective tissue
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18. Many different drugs exist in order to alleviate hypertension. One class of these drugs includes
metoprolol, which acts by lowering heart rate through antagonizing which class of adrenergic
receptor?
A. α1
C. β1
B. α2
D. β2
19. The layer of the uterine wall that a zygote would implant into would be the:
A. Perimetrium
B. Stratum functionalis
C. Myometrium
D. Stratum basalis
20. A reflex that involves the extension of the leg contralateral to the sensation of a painful stimulus
would be:
A. Crossed flexor reflex
B. Extensor withdrawal reflex
C. Crossed extensor reflex
D. Flexor withdrawal reflex
21. In a rather surprising turn of events, you have a panic attack while taking the anatomy final.
Panic attacks are a result of perceived extreme stress (such as an anatomy exam) and cause the
amygdala to overstimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following effects
would you experience?
1. Tachycardia (elevated heart
3. Stimulation of the sweat glands
rate)
in the palms
2. Bronchodilation and
4. Micturition
hyperventilation
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
22. Which of the following is not a major function of the liver?
A. Bile production
B. Synthesis of plasma proteins like angiotensinogen and albumin
C. Glycogen formation and storage
D. Erythrocyte destruction
E. All of the following are normal, major liver functions.
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23. Which of the following would NOT be a target for thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine?
A. Skeletal muscles
B. Hepatocytes
C. Adipose tissue
D. Pancreas
E. All of the above
24. The lateral umbilical ligaments are a remnant of fetal circulatory structures.
A. True
B. False
25. The pharyngotympanic tubes drain into the:
A. Oropharynx
B. Laryngopharynx
C. Nasopharynx
D. Middle ear
26. Mesenchyme is the embryonic tissue that gives rise to all of the following except:
A. Blood
B. Dermis
C. Hyaline cartilage
D. Bone
E. Skeletal muscle
27. The uterus is ________________ to the urinary bladder, and __________________ to the gall
bladder.
A. Superior, superior
B. Superior, inferior
C. Inferior, superior
D. Inferior, inferior
28. Which layer is absent in thick skin?
A. Stratum spinosum
B. Stratum corneum
C. Stratum lucidum
D. Stratum basale
E. None of the above
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29. All preganglionic neurons enter the _______________________ through
________________________.
A. Paravertebral ganglia, white rami communicantes
B. Sympathetic chain ganglia, gray rami communicantes
C. Collateral ganglia, gray rami communicantes
D. Collateral ganglia, white rami communicantes
30. Lobules of the mammary gland secrete into:
A. Lactiferous sinuses
B. Ampulla
C. Lactiferous ducts
D. Lactiferous vessels
31. The spleen and other lymphoid organs are good examples of what kind of connective tissue?
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Lymphoid connective tissue
C. Reticular connective tissue
D. Adipose connective tissue
32. What would the effects of a left bundle branch block be?
A. The right ventricle would hypertrophy to compensate for a drop in systemic circulation.
B. The timing of contraction between the left atrium and left ventricle would be off.
C. The timing of contraction between the left and right ventricles would be off.
D. The heart would become ischemic because of a decrease in pulmonary circulation.
E. All of the above would occur in a left bundle branch block.
33. Which of the following cranial nerves does not innervate skeletal muscle?
A. Facial (VII)
B. Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
C. Oculomotor (III)
D. Hypoglossal (XII)
E. Vagus (X)
34. Which of the following can be found in the dermis?
1. Pascinian corpuscle
2. Merkel cells
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
3. Meissner’s corpuscle
4. Melanocytes
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35. Which of the following organs does not have three complete layers of smooth muscle in either
the muscularis externa or tunica muscularis?
A. Urinary bladder
B. Stomach
C. Ureters
D. Uterus
E. All of the above have three layers of smooth muscle.
36. Types of epithelium found in the male urethra include:
1. Stratified columnar
3. Stratified squamous
2. Transitional
4. Pseudostratified columnar
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above. What can’t be found there?
E. None of the above
37. Which of the following vessels has no tunica media?
A. Veins
B. Muscular arteries
C. Arterioles
D. Venules
38. An example of a temporary synchondrosis would be:
A. Pubic symphysis
B. Epiphyseal plate
C. First costosternal joint
D. Coronal suture
E. Distal tibiofibular joint
39. The artery responsible for supplying blood to the ovary is called the ___________________ and
branches off of the _____________________.
A. Gonadal artery, descending aorta
B. Ovarian artery, renal artery
C. Ovarian artery, superior mesenteric artery
D. Gonadal artery, renal artery
E. Ovarian artery, abdominal aorta
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40. The portal triad of a liver lobule includes which of the following?
1. Portal venule
3. Bile duct
2. Portal arteriole
4. Systemic venule
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
41. Which of the following statements about anatomical position is incorrect?
A. The palms face medially.
B. The body is erect.
C. The eyes face forward.
D. The feet are parallel.
E. The arms are at the sides of the body.
42. The valve separating the right atrium from the right ventricle is the:
A. Mitral valve
B. Right semilunar valve
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Bicuspid valve
43. The myometrium is usually _____________-unit smooth muscle until parturition.
A. Single
B. Multi
C. Mixed
44. T tubules:
A. Are continuous with the sarcolemma.
B. Run parallel to the outer sarcolemma and the underlying myofibril.
C. Are not excitable, electrically or otherwise.
D. Do not have any role in muscle contraction in skeletal muscle cells.
45. Vital capacity in the lungs is the sum of which of the following pulmonary function
measurements?
1. Inspiratory reserve volume
3. Expiratory reserve volume
2. Tidal volume
4. Residual volume
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
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46. Patrick, after another night of serious drinking, backs into a picket fence, crushing his lower
thoracic vertebrae, and injuring the right side of his spine at the level of spinal segment T11.
What effects will this have on his body?
1. Paralysis of the left intercostal
3. Loss of pain and temperature
muscles
sensation in the right leg
2. Deficient proprioception in the right
4. Paralysis of the right biceps femoris
leg
muscle
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
47. The slide below is hyaline cartilage. This slide could have come from:
A. Thyroid cartilage
B. Epiglottis
C. Medial meniscus
D. External ear
E. Annular ligament
48. A muscle that originates on the
sternum is the:
A. Omohyoid
B. Pectoralis major
C. Internal intercostal(s)
D. Pectoralis minor
E. Serratus anterior
49. A highly unethical experimental ablation (ablation is using electricity to fry something away) on
the left optic nerve of a human would result in:
A. Loss of vision from the left eye
B. Loss of medial visual field inputs
C. Loss of lateral visual field inputs
D. Loss of left visual field inputs
E. Loss of right visual field inputs
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50. _______________________ is a hormone that stimulates the opening of aquaporins in the
________________________ in order to increase water retention.
A. Aldosterone, distal convoluted tubule
B. Antidiuretic hormone, collecting duct
C. Antidiuretic hormone, proximal convoluted tubule
D. Aldosterone, proximal convoluted tubule
E. Aldosterone, loop of Henle
51. The shunt between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta in fetal circulation is the:
A. Ligamentum arteriosum
B. Ductus venosus
C. Ductus arteriosus
D. Ductus pulmonale
E. Ductus arteriosum
52. The two capillary beds around the nephron are the:
A. Vasa recta and peritubular capillaries
B. Vasa vasorum and peritubular capillaries
C. Afferent and efferent capillaries
D. Glomerulus and vasa recta
53. Continuous capillaries can be found in all of the following except:
A. Lungs
C. Brain
B. Skeletal muscle
D. Bone marrow
54. The thymus is located in the ____________________, and is important for the production of
__________________________.
A. Abdominopelvic cavity, T lymphocytes
B. Mediastinum, B lymphocytes
C. Mediastinum, T lymphocytes
D. Thoracic cavity, T lymphocytes
55. They bony process you are sitting on currently is the:
A. Iliac tuberosity
B. Pubic tubercle
C. Ischial tuberosity
D. Sacral promontory
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56. Joyce punches Dillon. In order, which spinal tract carries information to Joyce’s arm muscles,
and which spinal tract relays pain information to Dillon’s brain?
A. Lateral corticospinal tract, anterior spinothalamic tract
B. Anterior corticospinal tract, lateral spinothalamic tract
C. Anterior corticospinal tract, anterior spinothalamic tract
D. Lateral spinothalamic tract, lateral corticospinal tract
E. Lateral corticospinal tract, lateral spinothalamic tract
57. The only arteries in the kidney that are not paralleled by veins are the:
A. Renal arteries
B. Segmental (lobar) arteries
C. Interlobar arteries
D. Arcuate arteries
E. Cortical radiate arteries
58. The epithelium of the vagina is:
A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Stratified columnar epithelium
C. Stratified squamous epithelium
D. Simple columnar epithelium
59. The nerves providing parasympathetic innervation to the reproductive organs are the:
A. Greater splanchnic nerves
B. Lesser splanchnic nerves
C. Lumbar splanchnic nerves
D. Pelvic splanchnic nerves
60. Mammary glands, found in the breasts of both men and women, secrete milk using a(n)
____________________ secretion mechanism, and are found over the ____________________
muscle.
A. Eccrine, pectoralis major
B. Apocrine, pectoralis minor
C. Apocrine, pectoralis major
D. Holocrine, pectoralis major
E. Eccrine, pectoralis minor
61. Which of the following is not a part of or associated with the oral cavity?
A. Labial frenulum
B. Vermilion
C. Fauces
D. Palatoglossal arch
E. Eustachian tube
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62. Which of the following is not a branch of the facial nerve?
A. Temporal
B. Maxillary
C. Mandibular
D. Zygomatic
E. Buccal
63. The α and β cells of the pancreas are localized in the ______________________, and are
responsible for the ______________ functions of the pancreas.
A. Islets of Lieberkuhn, endocrine
B. Islets of Langerhans, exocrine
C. Islets of Langerhans, endocrine
D. Islets of Lieberkuhn, exocrine
64. Dillon, after getting punched by Joyce, decides to say “no” when asked for a pen by Joyce. The
lobe of her brain responsible for these functions is the:
A. Occipital lobe
B. Frontal lobe
C. Temporal lobe
D. Parietal lobe
65. Tracing a circle with the distal end of an extremity is called:
A. Circumcision
B. Circumduction
C. Circumflexion
D. Circular tracing
E. Circumstention
66. The correct pathway that sperm takes through the male reproductive system is:
A. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, prostatic urethra, ejaculatory duct
B. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ureter, urethra
C. Seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, epididymis, urethra, ejaculatory duct
D. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra
67. Which of the ventricular system structures in the brain is not associated with the diencephalon?
A. Third ventricle
B. Interventricular foramen
C. Lateral ventricles
D. Fourth ventricle
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68. Muscle fibers that can quickly generate a strong contractile force and rely exclusively on
anaerobic metabolic processes like glycolysis are considered:
A. Type II
C. Type I
B. Type IIb
D. Type IIa
69. The Haversian system consists of which of the following?
1. Central canal
2. Lacuna(e)
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
3. Concentric lamella(e)
4. Osteocyte(s)
70. Which of the following is an intracapsular ligament of the knee?
A. Anterior cruciate ligament
B. Lateral collateral ligament
C. Medial collateral ligament
D. Oblique popliteal ligament
E. Arcuate popliteal ligament
71. The labia minora are analogous to the _________________________ in males.
A. Corpora cavernosa
B. Scrotum
C. Corpus spongiosum
D. Prepuce
72. Lymphatic vessels are not found in the:
A. Submucosa of the GI tract
B. Bone marrow
C. Liver
D. Spleen
73. The dorsal horns of the spinal cord contain cell bodies for neurons associated with
_________________ information.
A. Sensory
B. Motor
C. Mixed
74. Aldosterone, a steroid hormone that increases the retention of sodium, and indirectly water, is
synthesized in the __________________ of the ________________________.
A. Zona fasciculata, adrenal cortex
B. Zona glomerulosa, adrenal medulla
C. Zona glomerulosa, adrenal cortex
D. Zona reticularis, adrenal cortex
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75. C-cells of the thyroid produce the hormone:
A. Triiodothyronine
B. Thyroxine
C. Calcitonin
D. Tetraiodothyronine
E. Calcitrol
76. You are an erythrocyte in the hand that recently answered the previously question correctly,
and you need to get to the frontal lobe of the brain to help you answer this question on
cumulative material. How would you, the erythrocyte, travel through vessels to reach your
destination?
1. Cephalic vein
5. Aortic arch
2. Brachiocephalic trunk (artery)
6. Right internal carotid artery
3. Anterior cerebral artery
7. Brachiocephalic vein
4. Subclavian vein
8. Superior vena cava
A. 1, 7, 4, 8, 5, 2, 6, 3
B. 1, 4, 7, 8, 5, 2, 6, 3
C. 1, 2, 4, 8,5, 7, 6, 3
D. 4, 1, 7, 8, 5, 2, 6, 3
77. Which of the following are characteristics of epithelium?
1. Cellular polarity
2. Innervated
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
3. High cellularity
4. Vascular
78. The correct order of stages in follicular development in the ovary are:
1. Tertiary (Graafian)
4. Primary
2. Primordial
5. Secondary
3. Corpus luteum
A. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
B. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3
C. 3, 2, 4, 5, 1
D. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1
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79. Which of the following changes occur in the sarcomere during skeletal muscle contraction?
1. The A band remains unchanged.
3. The I band shortens.
2. The M line disappears.
4. The Z line shortens.
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
80. Adherens junctions are common in the epithelium of the mucosa in the:
A. Stomach
B. Urinary bladder
C. Small intestine
D. A and C
E. All of the above
81. The cardinal ligaments of the uterus anchor the ________________ to the ____________.
A. Fundus, sacrum
B. Fundus, pelvis
C. Cervix, sacrum
D. Cervix, pelvis
82. Which of the following glands does not contribute to seminal fluid?
A. Prostate
B. Bulbourethral glands
C. Testes
D. Seminal vesicles
E. All of the above contribute to seminal fluid.
83. The greater omentum is suspended from the __________________________ of the stomach.
A. Greater curvature
B. Lesser curvature
C. Pylorus
D. Fundus
84. Which of the salivary glands produces a primarily serous secretion?
A. Parotid
C. Sublingual
B. Lingual
D. Submandibular
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85. Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the brachial plexus?
A. Teres major
B. Teres minor
C. Deltoid
D. Triceps brachii
E. Coracobrachialis
86. The epicardium is part of the ___________________, an example of a ____________
membrane.
A. Fibrous pericardium, serous membrane
B. Serous pericardium, mucous membrane
C. Serous pericardium, serous membrane
D. Fibrous pericardium, mucous membrane
87. When a female begins her menstrual cycle, the stratum functionalis of the endometrium and
the unfertilized gamete are sloughed off. The gamete lost is a(n) ______________________,
which is paused in ________________.
A. Secondary oocyte, meiosis II
B. Primary oocyte, meiosis II
C. Secondary oocyte, meiosis I
D. Primary oocyte, meiosis I
E. Ovum, meiosis II
88. The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranium through:
A. Foramen rotundum
B. Foramen spinosum
C. Foramen lacerum
D. Foramen ovale
89. Which of the following is not found in the spermatic cord:
A. Testicular artery
B. Cremaster muscle
C. Pampiniform plexus
D. Vas deferens
E. Dartos muscle
90. The two kinds of nephron in the kidney are:
A. Cortical and medullary
B. Corticoradiate and juxtamedullary
C. Cortical and juxtamedullary
D. Juxtaglomerular and medullocortical
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