* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Using Verbs
Navajo grammar wikipedia , lookup
Udmurt grammar wikipedia , lookup
Lithuanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Germanic strong verb wikipedia , lookup
Germanic weak verb wikipedia , lookup
Ojibwe grammar wikipedia , lookup
Esperanto grammar wikipedia , lookup
Sanskrit grammar wikipedia , lookup
Chinese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Lexical semantics wikipedia , lookup
Macedonian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Georgian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Malay grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ukrainian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old Norse morphology wikipedia , lookup
Modern Hebrew grammar wikipedia , lookup
Kagoshima verb conjugations wikipedia , lookup
French grammar wikipedia , lookup
Scottish Gaelic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Latin syntax wikipedia , lookup
Sotho parts of speech wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Swedish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Portuguese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Romanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Turkish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Icelandic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Japanese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Yiddish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old English grammar wikipedia , lookup
Russian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Pipil grammar wikipedia , lookup
Polish grammar wikipedia , lookup
English grammar wikipedia , lookup
M A N Y V O I C E S L A N G U A G E Grammar, Usage, & Mechanics Skillbook Level H Perfection Learning® Gr08_Workbook.indd 1 1/19/07 11:24:21 AM Table of Contents Chapter 1: The Parts of a Sentence Recognizing Sentences . . . . . . . Completing Sentences . . . . . . . Writing Complete Sentences . . . . . Combining Subjects and Predicates . . Finding Complete Subjects. . . . . . Finding Complete and Simple Subjects . Writing Complete Sentences . . . . . Finding Complete Predicates . . . . . Finding Simple Predicates . . . . . . Using Vivid Verbs . . . . . . . . . Finding Verb Phrases . . . . . . . . Finding Verb Phrases . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Subjects and Verbs . . Finding Subjects and Verbs . . . . . Varying Sentence Beginnings . . . . . Finding Subjects and Verbs. . . . . . Using the Understood You . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Subjects and Verbs . . Finding Compound Subjects . . . . . Writing Sentences with Compound Subjects . . . . . . . Finding Compound Verbs . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Compound Verbs . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Subjects and Verbs . . Classifying Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 . . 28 . . 29 . . 30 . . 31 . . 32 Chapter 2: Nouns and Pronouns Finding Nouns . . . . . . . . . Using Specific Nouns . . . . . . Identifying Compound and Collective Nouns . . . . . . Writing Compound Nouns. . . . Distinguishing Between Common and Proper Nouns . . . . . Finding Nouns . . . . . . . . . Finding Pronouns and Antecedents Finding Personal Pronouns. . . . Using Personal Pronouns . . . . Finding Indefinite Pronouns . . . Finding Pronouns . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Pronouns . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . 34 . . . . 35 . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Chapter 3: Verbs Finding Action Verbs . . . . . . . . . . 45 Finding Action Verbs . . . . . . . . . . 46 Understanding Transitive and Intransitive Verbs . . . . Writing Sentences with Transitive and Intransitive Verbs . . . . Finding Verb Phrases . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Verbs and Verb Phrases . . . . . . . . Finding Linking Verbs. . . . . . Writing Linking Verbs. . . . . . Finding Linking Verbs. . . . . . Distinguishing Between Linking Verbs and Action Verbs . . . Writing Sentences . . . . . . . Writing Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . 48 . . . . 49 . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 51 52 53 . . . . . . . . 54 . . . . 55 . . . . 56 Chapter 4: Adjectives and Adverbs Finding Adjectives . . . . . . . Using Specific Adjectives . . . . Finding Adjectives . . . . . . . Linking Specific Adjectives with Nouns . . . . . . . . Finding Proper Adjectives . . . . Capitalizing Proper Adjectives . . Finding Adjectives . . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Nouns and Adjectives . . . . Distinguishing Between Adjectives and Pronouns . . . . . . . Writing Sentences . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Adjectives . . . . Finding Adverbs . . . . . . . . Using Adverbs . . . . . . . . . Finding Adverbs . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Adverbs. . . . . Mixed Practice: Adjectives and Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 . . . . 58 . . . . 59 . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 61 62 63 . . . . . . . . 64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Chapter 5: Prepositions, Conjunctions, & Interjections Supplying Prepositions . . . . . . . Finding Prepositional Phrases . . . . Adding Prepositional Phrases. . . . . Distinguishing Between Prepositions and Adverbs . . . . Using Prepositions and Adverbs . . . Mixed Practice: Prepositional Phrases . Finding Conjunctions and Interjections . . 73 . . 74 . . 75 . . . . 76 77 78 79 . . . . Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 3 3 1/19/07 11:24:22 AM Table of Contents Using Conjunctions and Interjections Determining Parts of Speech . . . . Identifying Words as Different Parts of Speech . . . . . . . . Writing Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . 80 . . . 81 . . . 82 . . . 83 Chapter 6: Complements Finding Direct Objects . . . . . . . Adding Direct Objects to Sentences . . Writing Sentences with Direct Objects . Finding Indirect Objects . . . . . . Finding Compound Indirect Objects. . Mixed Practice: Direct and Indirect Objects . . . . . . . . Finding Predicate Nominatives . . . . Supplying Predicate Nominatives . . . Replacing Predicate Nominatives . . . Predicate Nominatives . . . . . . . Finding Predicate Adjectives . . . . . Supplying Predicate Adjectives . . . . Mixed Practice: Complements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 85 86 87 88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 Chapter 7: Phrases Finding Prepositional Phrases . Finding Adjective Phrases . . . Finding Adjective Phrases . . . Combining Sentences Using Adjective Phrases . . . . . Adjective Phrases . . . . . . Identifying Misplaced Modifiers Correcting Misplaced Adjective Phrases . . . . . Finding Adverb Phrases . . . . Writing Sentences: Punctuating Adverb Phrases . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Prepositional Phrases . . . . . . . . . Finding Appositives and Appositive Phrases . . . . Punctuating Appositives and Appositive Phrases . . . . Mixed Practice: Prepositional and Appositive Phrases . . . . . . . 97 . . . . . 98 . . . . . 99 . . . . . 100 . . . . . 101 . . . . . 102 . . . . . 103 . . . . . 104 . . . . . 105 . . . . . 106 . . . . . 107 . . . . . 108 . . . . . 109 Chapter 8: Verbals and Verbal Phrases Recognizing Participles . . . . . . . . . 110 Finding the Words Participles Describe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Distinguishing Between Participles and Verbs . . . . . . . . 112 4 Finding Participial Phrases . . . Recognizing Participial Phrases as Modifiers . . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Participial Phrases . . . . Identifying Misplaced Participial Phrases . . . . Correcting Misplaced Participial Phrases . . . . Finding Gerunds . . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Gerunds and Participles . . . . . . Finding Gerund Phrases . . . . Completing Gerund Phrases . . Writing Sentences with Gerunds and Gerund Phrases . . . . Finding Infinitives . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Infinitive and Prepositional Phrases . Finding Infinitive Phrases . . . Adding Infinitives . . . . . . Using Infinitives . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Verbal Phrases . . . . . . 113 . . . . . 114 . . . . . 115 . . . . . 116 . . . . . 117 . . . . . 118 . . . . . 119 . . . . . 120 . . . . . 121 . . . . . 122 . . . . . 123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 125 126 127 128 Distinguishing Between Clauses . . Identifying Subordinate Clauses . . Supplying Subordinate Conjunctions Finding Adverb Clauses . . . . . . Punctuating Adverb Clauses . . . . Finding Adjective Clauses . . . . . Identifying the Words Adjective Clauses Describe . . . Punctuating Adjective Clauses . . . Writing Sentences with Adjective Clauses . . . . . . . Recognizing Misplaced Adjective Clauses . . . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Misplaced Adjective Clauses . . Finding Noun Clauses. . . . . . . Identifying the Use of Noun Clauses . Mixed Practice: Subordinate Clauses . . . . . . . . . . . Recognizing Simple and Compound Sentences . . . . . Distinguishing Between Simple and Compound Sentences . . . Punctuating Compound Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 130 131 132 133 134 . . . . . Chapter 9: Clauses . . . 135 . . . 136 . . . 137 . . . 138 . . . 139 . . . 140 . . . 141 . . . 142 . . . 143 . . . 144 . . . 145 Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 4 1/19/07 11:24:23 AM Table of Contents Distinguishing Between Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences . . 146 Writing Different Kinds of Sentences . . . 147 Mixed Practice: Sentences . . . . . . . . 148 . . 151 Identifying Verb Tenses . . . . . Understanding Verb Tenses . . . Using Verb Tenses . . . . . . . Identifying Shifts in Verb Tense . . Correcting Shifts in Tenses. . . . Identifying Progressive Verb Forms Using Progressive Verb Forms . . Recognizing Active Voice and Passive Voice. . . . . . . . Changing Verbs to Active Voice. . Mixed Practice: Verbs . . . . . . . . 152 Chapter 12: Using Pronouns Chapter 10: Sentence Fragments and Run-ons Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments . . . . . . . . . Correcting Sentence Fragments . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments . . . . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments . . . . . . . . . Combining Sentences and Phrase Fragments . . . . . . . . Correcting Phrase Fragments. . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments . . . . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments . . . . . . . . . Correcting Clause Fragments. . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Run-on Sentences . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Sentences and Run-on Sentences . . . . . . Correcting Run-on Sentences . . . . Mixed Practice: Sentences, Fragments, and Run-on Sentences . . . . . . . . 149 . . 150 . . 153 . . 154 . . 155 . . 156 . . 157 . . 158 . . 159 . . 160 . . 161 Chapter 11: Using Verbs Writing the Principal Parts of Regular Verbs . . . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Regular Verbs Using the Correct Verb Form . . . . Determining the Correct Verb Form . Using the Correct Verb Form . . . . Correcting Improperly Used Verbs . Determining the Correct Verb Form . Using the Correct Verb Form . . . . Finding the Principal Parts of Verbs in a Dictionary . . . . . Mixed Practice: Verbs . . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Using the Correct Verb . . . . . . Correcting Verb Usage . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 Using Pronouns . . . . . . . . Using Pronouns as Subjects . . . Using Pronouns as Subjects . . . Using Pronouns as Predicate Nominatives . . . . . . . . Using Pronouns as Predicate Nominatives . . . . . . . . Supplying Pronouns in the Nominative Case . . . . . . Correcting Nominative Case Errors Writing Sentences with Pronouns . Mixed Practice: Pronouns . . . . Using Pronouns as Direct and Indirect Objects . . . . . . Using Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions . . . . . . . . Using Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions . . . . . . . . Supplying Pronouns in the Objective Case . . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Pronouns . Using Pronouns in the Objective Case . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Pronouns . . . . Using Possessive Pronouns . . . . Using Possessive Pronouns . . . Correcting Possessive Pronouns . Using Possessive Pronouns and Contractions . . . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Possessive Pronouns and Contractions. . Using Who and Whom Correctly . Correcting Sentences with Interrogative Pronouns . . . Making Pronouns and Their Antecedents Agree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 . . . . 187 . . . . 188 . . . . 189 . . . . 190 . . . . 191 . . . . 192 . . . . 193 . . . . 194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 196 197 198 . . . . 199 . . . . 200 . . . . 201 . . . . 202 . . . . 203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 205 206 207 208 . . . . 209 . . . . 210 . . . . 211 . . . . 212 . . . . 213 Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 5 5 1/19/07 11:24:24 AM Table of Contents Making Personal Pronouns Agree with Indefinite Pronouns . . . Writing Sentences to Eliminate Awkward Constructions . . . Correcting Unclear or Missing Antecedents . . . . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Unclear or Missing Antecedents . . . Mixed Practice: Pronouns . . . . . . . . 214 . . . . 215 . . . . 216 . . . . 217 . . . . 218 Chapter 13: Subject & Verb Agreement Determining the Number of Nouns and Pronouns . . . . . . Determining the Number of Verbs . . Matching Subjects and Verbs . . . . . Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . Mixed Practice: Subject and Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . Making Subjects and Contractions Agree . . . . . . . Making Subjects and Contractions Agree . . . . . . . Making Interrupted Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . . . . . . Making Interrupted Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . . . . . . Making Subjects and Verbs in Inverted Order Agree . . . . . . Writing Sentences Using Subject and Verb Agreement . . . . . . Making Interrupted or Inverted-Order Subjects and Verbs Agree . . . . Mixed Practice: Subject and Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . Making Verbs Agree with Compound Subjects . . . . . . . Making Verbs Agree with Compound Subjects . . . . . . . Making Verbs Agree with Collective Nouns . . . . . . . . Making Verbs Agree with Collective Nouns . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Agreement with Collective Nouns . . . . . . . . Making Verbs Agree with You and I . . Making Verbs Agree with You and I . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . 219 220 221 222 223 . . . . . . . . 224 225 226 227 . . 228 . . 229 . . 230 . . 231 . . 232 . . 233 . . 234 . . 235 . . 236 . . 237 . . 238 . . 239 . . 240 . . 241 . . 242 Making Verbs Agree with Indefinite Pronouns . . . . . . . . . 243 Making Verbs Agree with Indefinite Pronouns . . . . . . . . . 244 Mixed Practice: Subject and Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . . . 245 Chapter 14: Using Adjectives and Adverbs Identifying Degrees of Comparison . . Forming Regular Comparisons . . . . Forming Comparative and Superlative Modifiers . . . . . . Using the Correct Form of Modifiers. . Forming Irregular Comparisons. . . . Supplying the Correct Form of Modifiers . . . . . . . . . . Correcting the Form of Modifiers . . . Mixed Practice: Modifiers . . . . . . Using Other and Else Correctly . . . . Correcting Comparisons with Other and Else . . . . . . . . . Identifying Double Comparisons . . . Correcting Double Comparisons . . . Identifying Double Negatives . . . . . Correcting Double Negatives . . . . Using Good and Well . . . . . . . . Correcting Errors with Good or Well . . Mixed Practice: Adjectives and Adverbs . . 246 . . 247 . . 248 . . 249 . . 250 . . . . . . . . 251 252 253 254 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 A Writer’s Glossary of Usage Finding the Correct Word . Recognizing Correct Usage Finding the Correct Word . Writing Negatives Correctly Finding the Correct Word . Recognizing Correct Usage Finding the Correct Word . Recognizing Correct Usage Mixed Practice: Usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chapter 15: Capitalization Capitalizing First Words and I . . . Correcting Errors in Capitalization . Capitalizing the Names of Persons and Animals . . . . . . . . . Using Capital Letters in Geographical Names . . . . . Capitalizing Proper Nouns and Their Abbreviations . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Proper Nouns and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . 272 . . . 273 . . . 274 . . . 275 . . . 276 . . . 277 Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 6 1/19/07 11:24:25 AM Table of Contents Correcting Proper Nouns and Their Abbreviations . . . . . . Using Capital Letters for Proper Names . . . . . . . . Using Capital Letters for Specific Time Periods and Events . . . . Capitalizing Proper Names . . . . Writing Sentences with Proper Nouns Correcting Sentences with Proper Nouns . . . . . . . . Using Capital Letters Correctly . . . Capitalizing Proper Nouns . . . . . Using Capital Letters . . . . . . . Using Capital Letters Correctly . . . Mixed Practice: Capitalization . . . Capitalizing Proper Adjectives . . . Writing Sentences with Proper Adjectives . . . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Proper Adjectives . . . . . . . Capitalizing Titles Used with Names of People . . . . . . . Correcting Titles Used with Names of People . . . . . . . Capitalizing Titles of Things . . . . Capitalizing Titles . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Capitalization . . . . . . 278 . . . 279 . . . 280 . . . 281 . . . 282 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 . . . 290 . . . 291 . . . 292 . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 294 295 296 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. Chapter 16: End Marks and Commas Using End Marks . . . . . . . . Adding End Marks to Sentences . Writing Abbreviations . . . . . Using Periods . . . . . . . . . Using Commas in a Series . . . . Using Commas in a Series . . . . Using Commas with Adjectives . . Writing Sentences Using Commas with Adjectives . . . . . . . Using Commas with Adjectives . . Mixed Practice: Commas . . . . Using Commas with Compound Sentences . . . . . . . . . Punctuating Compound Sentences Identifying Introductory Elements. Writing Sentences with Introductory Elements . . . . Using Commas with Introductory Elements . . . . Using Commas That Separate . . Writing Sentences Using Commas. . . . . . . . . . . . 304 . . . . 305 . . . . 306 . . . . 307 . . . . 308 . . . . 309 . . . . 310 . . . . 311 . . . . 312 . . . . 313 Using Commas That Separate . . Mixed Practice: Commas . . . . Using Commas with Direct Address Writing Sentences: Using Commas with Direct Address . . . . . Using Commas with Direct Address Using Commas with Parenthetical Expressions . . Using Commas with Parenthetical Expressions . . Writing Sentences with Parenthetical Expressions . . Classifying Appositives . . . . . Using Commas with Appositives . Mixed Practice: Commas . . . . Identifying Essential and Nonessential Elements. . . . Classifying Nonessential Elements Using Commas with Nonessential Elements. . . . Writing Sentences Using Commas with Nonessential Elements. . Mixed Practice: Commas . . . . . . . . 314 . . . . 315 . . . . 316 . . . . 317 . . . . 318 . . . . 319 . . . . 320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 322 323 324 . . . . 325 . . . . 326 . . . . 327 . . . . 328 . . . . 329 Chapter 17: Italics and Quotation Marks Using Italics (Underlining) . . . . . Using Italics (Underlining) Correctly. Using Quotation Marks . . . . . . Correcting Punctuation of Titles . . Writing Sentences with Titles. . . . Mixed Practice: Italics and Quotation Marks . . . . . . . Using Quotation Marks with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using Quotation Marks with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using Capital Letters with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using Capital Letters with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using Commas with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using Commas with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using End Marks with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Using End Marks with Direct Quotations. . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Quotations . . . . Quoting Long Passages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 331 332 333 334 . . . 335 . . . 336 . . . 337 . . . 338 . . . 339 . . . 340 . . . 341 . . . 342 . . . 343 . . . 344 . . . 345 Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 7 7 1/19/07 11:24:26 AM Table of Contents Mixed Practice: Italics and Quotation Marks . . . . . . . . . . 346 Chapter 18: Other Punctuation . . . 347 . . . 348 . . . 349 . . . 350 . . . 351 . . . 352 . . . 353 . . . 354 . . . 355 . . . 356 . . . 357 . . 359 . . 360 . . 361 . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 363 364 365 366 367 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 . . . 358 ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. Forming Possessive Singular Nouns . Writing Sentences with Possessive Singular Nouns . . . Forming Possessive Plural Nouns . . Forming Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns . . . . . . . Writing Sentences with Possessive Nouns . . . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Possessive Nouns . . . . . . . Using Possessive Pronouns . . . . . Writing Sentences with Possessive Pronouns. . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Possessive Pronouns. . . . . . Mixed Practice: Possessives . . . . Writing Contractions . . . . . . . Distinguishing Between Contractions and Possessive Pronouns . . . . Correcting Sentences with Contractions . . . . . . . . . . Using Apostrophes . . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Apostrophes . . . . . Using Commas and Semicolons with Compound Sentences . . . . Punctuating Compound Sentences . . Punctuating Sentences . . . . . . . Correcting Compound Sentences . . . Writing Sentences . . . . . . . . . Using Semicolons to Avoid Confusion . Punctuating Sentences with Semicolons . . . . . . . . . . Using Colons . . . . . . . . . . . Correcting Sentences with Colons. . . Mixed Practice: Semicolons and Colons Using Hyphens to Divide Words . . . Correcting Sentences with Hyphens . . Using Hyphens . . . . . . . . . . Mixed Practice: Punctuation . . . . . 8 Many Voices Language • Level H Gr08_Workbook.indd 8 1/19/07 11:24:27 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Distinguishing Between Sentences and Fragments ◆ Label each group of words as S for a sentence or CF for a clause fragment. 1. Before the Spanish explorers wandered throughout Florida. 2. A civilized, well-governed society inhabited the peninsula. 3. The Seminoles were some of the earliest inhabitants of Florida. 4. Who settled in many areas and farmed the fertile land. 5. The Seminoles left burial mounds and other artifacts. 6. Which suggest the existence of some form of government. 7. The Native Americans had a loose confederation of tribes. 8. Where different tribes were constantly trying to control each other. 9. Rules were made to keep the confederation working. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 10. That gave power to the chief of each tribe in the confederation. 156 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 10: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Sentence and Fragments Pronouns and Run-ons 5: Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 156 1/19/07 11:25:13 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Correcting Clause Fragments ◆ Rewrite the clause fragments from the preceding exercise to make complete sentences. Remember that you can attach a clause fragment to another sentence. 1. 2. 3. 4. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 5. Many Voices ManyLanguage Voices Language Many • Level Voices •HLevel •Language Chapter H • Chapter 5:• Prepositions, Level10: H Sentence • Chapter Conjunctions, Fragments 2: Nouns&and and Interjections Pronouns Run-ons Gr08_Workbook.indd 157 157 1/19/07 11:25:13 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Distinguishing Between Sentences and Run-on Sentences A run-on sentence is two or more sentences that are written together and are separated by a comma or no mark of punctuation at all. ◆ Label each group of words S for sentence or RO for run-on sentence. 1. Conductors direct an orchestra, chorus, or opera production. 2. Conductors usually specialize in orchestral or choral conducting, each specialization shares many common elements. 3. They have a difficult job many jobs are rolled into one title. 4. They must study and memorize many thousands of measures of music. 5. While conducting, they turn from the sheet music, they must be free to look at the orchestra or the chorus. 6. Conductors must rehearse with the performers they also have to find new music to perform. 8. Conductors give advice they give orders. ® 9. They must be in excellent physical condition, they work like athletes. Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 7. They must be able to conduct a group and to know about each instrument. 10. Orchestra conductors use a baton choral conductors usually depend on their hands. 158 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 10: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Sentence and Fragments Pronouns and Run-ons 5: Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 158 1/19/07 11:25:13 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Distinguishing Between Sentences and Run-on Sentences ◆ Label each group of words S for sentence or RO for run-on sentence. 1. Science fiction has been a popular form of literature for many years, many readers enjoy this special form of fantasy. 2. Science fiction allows writers to offer adventures in the future. 3. The stories may tell of adventures on other planets they may narrate stories of time travel or space travel. 4. Its setting in the future separates science fiction from historical fiction. 5. Science fiction focuses on the future, historical fiction looks to the past. 6. Usually a successful writer of science fiction knows a good deal of science, the crafty writer often takes science to an extreme. 8. Some popular science fiction writers include Ray Bradbury, Kurt Vonnegut, and Isaac Asimov there are hundreds of well-known writers. 9. This type of writing comes in many forms, it is also very close to folklore. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 7. Of course, with the rapid advance in technology and science, this special type of literature has grown in the last fifty years. 10. Have you read any science fiction, who is your favorite writer? Many Voices ManyLanguage Voices Language Many • Level Voices •HLevel •Language Chapter H • Chapter 5:• Prepositions, Level10: H Sentence • Chapter Conjunctions, Fragments 2: Nouns&and and Interjections Pronouns Run-ons Gr08_Workbook.indd 159 159 1/19/07 11:25:14 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Correcting Run-on Sentences ◆ Rewrite the run-on sentences from the exercise on the preceding page to make complete sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 6. ® 7. 160 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 10: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Sentence and Fragments Pronouns and Run-ons 5: Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 160 1/19/07 11:25:14 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 10 Sentence Fragments and Run-ons (pages 68–71) Mixed Practice: Sentences, Fragments, and Run-on Sentences ◆ Label each group of words S for sentence, F for fragment, or RO for run-on sentence. 1. John Milton is a famous British author of the seventeenth century. 2. Milton wrote poetry, pamphlets, and drama he was blind for half of his life. 3. Before he left school and became a professional writer. 4. All of his writing mixed religion and politics. 5. He wrote several long works his most famous work is Paradise Lost. 6. Based on the Bible, the very long poem tells the story of the Garden of Eden. 7. Having more than ten thousand lines and recited by the blind poet to his daughters for revision. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 8. “Lycidas” was written to commemorate a person who had drowned. 9. A writer of booklets on education and literature who had many enemies and few friends. 10. Blindness is a challenge that some people believe is impossible to overcome, John Milton’s life proves just the opposite. Many Voices ManyLanguage Voices Language Many • Level Voices •HLevel •Language Chapter H • Chapter 5:• Prepositions, Level10: H Sentence • Chapter Conjunctions, Fragments 2: Nouns&and and Interjections Pronouns Run-ons Gr08_Workbook.indd 161 161 1/19/07 11:25:15 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 11 Using Verbs (pages 72–87) Writing the Principal Parts of Regular Verbs The principal parts of a verb are the present, the present participle, the past, and the past participle. A regular verb forms its past and past participle by adding -ed or -d to the present. ◆ Write the four principal parts of each of the following regular verbs. Use is with the present participle and have with the past participle. Check a dictionary if you are unsure of the spelling of a verb form. 1. talk 2. jump 3. drop 4. suppose 5. ask 6. use 7. play 10. stop 11. knock 12. gaze 162 ® 9. move Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 8. share Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 5: 11: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Using and Verbs Pronouns Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 162 1/19/07 11:25:15 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 11 Using Verbs (pages 72–87) Writing Sentences with Regular Verbs ◆ Write the principal parts of the following regular verbs. Then write a sentence using each of the principal parts of these verbs. ◆ start 1. ◆ row 2. ◆ wrap ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 3. Many Voices Language Many • Level Voices Many H •Language Voices Chapter Language 5:• Prepositions, Level H• Level • Chapter Conjunctions, H • Chapter 2: Nouns11: &and Interjections Using Pronouns Verbs Gr08_Workbook.indd 163 163 1/19/07 11:25:15 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 11 Using Verbs (pages 72–87) Using the Correct Verb Form An irregular verb does not form its past and past participle by adding -ed or -d to the present. ◆ Label each underlined verb form as P for past or PP for past participle. Remember that a helping verb is used with a past participle. 1. All the newscasters said to expect a storm. 2. The last two storms caught us by surprise. 3. We have lost our electricity during the last three storms. 4. The worst storm hit last January. 5. Our experiences have taught us important lessons. 6. One storm left us without power for three days. 7. We have just put new batteries in our flashlights. 9. Last time we made a fire to keep us warm. ® 10. We have bought extra canned food. Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 8. Laura has brought in some firewood. 164 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 5: 11: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Using and Verbs Pronouns Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 164 1/19/07 11:25:16 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 11 Using Verbs (pages 72–87) Determining the Correct Verb Form ◆ Underline the correct verb form for each sentence. 1. This snowstorm has (took, taken) us off guard. 2. The strong winds have (grew, grown) fiercer since yesterday morning. 3. The weather station just (gave, given) tomorrow’s forecast. 4. It has (drew, drawn) a gloomy picture of the blizzard’s devastation. 5. Winter has (stole, stolen) up on us this year. 6. I have never (knew, known) it to snow in October. 7. I nearly (froze, frozen) this morning! 8. A chilly wind has (blew, blown) all day. 9. I (saw, seen) very few people outdoors. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 10. No one (drove, driven) on the icy streets. Many Voices Language Many • Level Voices Many H •Language Voices Chapter Language 5:• Prepositions, Level H• Level • Chapter Conjunctions, H • Chapter 2: Nouns11: &and Interjections Using Pronouns Verbs Gr08_Workbook.indd 165 165 1/19/07 11:25:16 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ CHAPTER 11 Using Verbs (pages 72–87) Using the Correct Verb Form ◆ Rewrite each sentence, using the correct past or past participle of each verb in parentheses. 1. We have not (see) such a storm in ten years. 2. The plaza fountain has (freeze) solid. 3. The snow has (drive) most people off the streets. ® 5. The snowdrifts have (rise) higher than the tops of the cars. Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 4. It has (throw) the whole town into confusion. 6. A snowplow has (broke) through the drifts on Central Avenue. 166 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter 5: 11: 2: Prepositions, Nouns Using and Verbs Pronouns Conjunctions, & Interjections Gr08_Workbook.indd 166 1/19/07 11:25:16 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ A Writer’s Glossary of Usage (pages 120–129) Finding the Correct Word ◆ Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes each sentence. 1. There are (fewer, less) tellers of tall tales today than there used to be. 2. If writers write a tall tale (good, well), they (can, may) make us laugh. 3. (Its, It’s) “tongue-in-cheek” type of narration (doesn’t, don’t) usually make us think deeply. 4. Tall tales (doesn’t, don’t) usually have complicated stories because the plot is of (fewer, less) importance than the humor. 5. It does, however, (bring, take) us entertainment and often (brings, takes) us back to the days of the Old West. 6. Although writers (can, may) use a variety of humorous techniques, certainly one of them is exaggeration. 7. An unexpected fall is a (good, well) way to create slapstick. ® Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 8. Someone carelessly falling headfirst (in, into) a huge bucket of paint is one example of slapstick humor. 9. When a person (bad, badly) mispronounces a word by reversing its syllables, (its, it’s) called a spoonerism. 10. Another technique, situation comedy, has a character react differently than we (would have, would of ) expected. Many Voices Many Language Many Many Voices Voices Voices Language • Level Language Language H • Level Chapter •• Level Level H •14: H H Chapter Using •• Chapter A Writer’s Adjectives 2: Nouns 12: Glossary Using and andPronouns of Adverbs Usage Gr08_Workbook.indd 265 265 1/19/07 11:25:48 AM Name _____________________________________________________ Date ________________ A Writer’s Glossary of Usage (pages 120–129) Writing Negatives Correctly ◆ Rewrite each sentence so that there are no double negatives. 1. Before the frontier days, almost no one never heard a tall tale. 2. Tall tales hadn’t hardly been written at that time. 3. Of course, tall tales don’t never tell a straight story. ® 5. Naturally, not none of these stories is believed. Copyright © Perfection Learning All rights reserved. 4. In most tall tales, scarcely no one speaks without using dialect. 266 Many Voices Language • Level H • Chapter Using and Pronouns A Writer’s12: 2: 14: Glossary Nouns Adjectives of Usage Pronouns and Adverbs Gr08_Workbook.indd 266 1/19/07 11:25:48 AM