Download 1. Although the cause of eating disorders is still unknown

1. Although the cause of eating disorders is still unknown, explanations that have been proposed focus on
all of the following except:
A) family background factors.
B) metabolic factors.
C) cultural factors.
D) genetic factors.
2. On the basis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one would be least likely to predict that a:
A) prisoner might choose to die rather than betray his country.
B) successful business executive might show greater concern for his family relationships than for
becoming president of his corporation.
C) teacher with high self-esteem might seek a career change to use his abilities more fully.
D) starving person might sell his child to obtain food.
3. Twenty-two-year-old Tawana is slightly overweight and loves to eat, particularly snack foods and rich
desserts. Fearful of becoming overweight, she frequently takes a laxative after eating too much. Tawana
most clearly suffers from:
A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) an abnormally high set point.
D) hypermetabolism.
E) extrinsic motivation.
4. Financial satisfaction is more strongly predictive of subjective well-being in poor nations than in
wealthy ones. This fact would most clearly be anticipated by:
A) Maslow's theory of motivational priorities.
B) Freud's instinct theory.
C) Darwin's evolutionary theory.
D) Murray's theory of achievement motivation.
5. Supervisors who give employees informative compliments for effective performance are likely to
________ the employees' ________.
A) increase; intrinsic motivation
B) decrease; intrinsic motivation
C) increase; need for social approval
D) decrease; extrinsic motivation
6. When a rat's blood sugar level decreases, the ________ hypothalamus releases the hunger-triggering
hormone ________.
A) lateral; orexin
B) ventromedial; orexin
C) lateral; leptin
D) ventromedial; leptin
7. Motivation is best understood as a state that:
A) reduces a drive.
B) energizes and directs behavior.
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C) energizes an organism to act.
D) aims at satisfying a biological need.
8. Participative management is most likely to ________ employees' ________.
A) increase; intrinsic motivation
B) decrease; achievement motivation
C) decrease; productivity
D) increase; fear of failure
9. Needs are ________ correlated with ________.
A) positively; incentives
B) negatively; drives
C) positively; drives
D) negatively; incentives
10. Jody has just eaten a huge meal, but gets the urge to eat when she smells fresh popcorn. Psychologists
would most likely consider Jody to be:
A) suffering from anorexia nervosa.
B) an external.
C) suffering from bulimia nervosa.
D) obese.
11. It has been said that the body's major sex organ is the brain. With regard to sex education:
A) transmission of value-free information about the wide range of sexual behaviors should be the
primary focus of the educator.
B) people's attitudes, values, and morals cannot be separated from the biological aspects of sexuality.
C) transmission of technical knowledge about the biological act should be the classroom focus, free
from the personal values and attitudes of researchers, teachers, and students.
D) the home, not the school, should be the focus of all instruction about reproductive behavior.
12. For a hungry person, the consumption of food serves to:
A) reduce an instinct.
B) maintain homeostasis.
C) lower the set point.
D) arouse needs.
13. When peoples' need to belong is fulfilled through close relationships, they are less likely to:
A) contract physical illness.
B) commit suicide.
C) suffer psychological disorders.
D) experience any of the above.
14. Over the past 50 years, American women have expressed ________ satisfaction with their physical
appearance and have experienced a(n) ________ incidence of serious eating disorders.
A) increasing; increasing
B) decreasing; decreasing
C) decreasing; increasing
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D) increasing; decreasing
15. According to Maslow, our need for ________ must be met before we are prompted to satisfy our need
for ________.
A) political freedom; economic security
B) self-actualization; friendship
C) adequate clothing; self-esteem
D) religious fulfillment; adequate housing
E) love; food
16. Two rats have escaped from their cages in the neurophysiology lab. The technician needs your help in
returning them to their proper cages. One rat is grossly overweight; the other is severely underweight.
You confidently state that the overweight rat goes in the "________-lesion" cage, while the
underweight rat goes in the "________-lesion" cage.
A) ventromedial hypothalamus; lateral hypothalamus
B) amygdala; hippocampus
C) hippocampus; amygdala
D) lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus
17. The identical twin brothers of male homosexuals experience an ________ rate of homosexuality. The
fraternal twin brothers of male homosexuals experience a(n) ________ rate of homosexuality.
A) above average; above average
B) average; average
C) above average; below average
D) above average; average
18. Rodin found that, in response to the sight and smell of a steak being grilled:
A) externals had a greater insulin response than internals.
B) overweight people had a greater insulin response than people of normal weight.
C) internals had a greater insulin response than externals.
D) people of normal weight had a greater insulin response than overweight people.
19. If researchers wanted to improve upon the scientific accuracy of Alfred Kinsey's research on American
sexual practices, their first concern should involve:
A) interviewing a more representative sample of the American population.
B) using telephone rather than face-to-face interviews.
C) interviewing a larger number of people.
D) having females rather than males interview the female respondents.
20. When asked what is most necessary for a happy and meaningful life, most people first mention the
importance of satisfying their ________ needs.
A) achievement
B) self-actualization
C) safety
D) belongingness
E) sexual
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21. Ali's parents have tried hard to minimize their son's exposure to sweet, fattening foods. If Ali has the
occasion to taste sweet foods in the future, which of the following is likely?
A) He will display a preference for sweet tastes.
B) He will have a neutral reaction to sweet foods.
C) It is impossible to predict Ali's reaction.
D) He will have a strong aversion to such foods.
22. Which of the following is currently true regarding first-year college students' opinions of casual sex?
A) The majority feel that condom use is unnecessary, because they know when the safe times are.
B) The majority feel that sex between persons who know each other for only a short time is
unacceptable.
C) The majority feel that they will be ostracized by their peers if they don't do "what everyone else is
doing."
D) The majority feel that sex between persons who know each other for only a short time is acceptable.
23. The importance of learning in motivation is most obvious from the influence of:
A) instincts.
B) incentives.
C) homeostasis.
D) arousal.
24. Antonio, a sixth-grader, has just brought home a 100-word spelling test on which he spelled 75 words
correctly. If Antonio's parents want to effectively encourage high levels of achievement in their son,
they should tell him:
A) "If you can't perform much better on your next test, you won't be allowed to watch television before
bedtime."
B) "We love you no matter what grades you receive."
C) "Let's see if you can raise your next test score 5 points by studying harder."
D) "What's important is that you do your best always."
25. A lack of bodily fluids is to cold water as ________ is to ________.
A) need; drive
B) instinct; intrinsic motivation
C) drive; incentive
D) homeostasis; extrinsic motivation
E) need; incentive
26. Which of the following is not typical of both anorexia and bulimia?
A) low self-esteem and feelings of depression
B) weight significantly and noticeably outside normal ranges
C) far more frequent occurrence in women than in men
D) preoccupation with food and fear of being overweight
27. In their efforts to measure people's achievement motivation, McClelland and Atkinson presumed that the
strength of this motive would be reflected in people's:
A) fantasies.
B) motivational hierarchy.
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C) annual income.
D) blood glucose levels.
E) task leadership.
28. In most mammals, female sexual receptivity is greatest when:
A) testosterone levels are lowest.
B) estrogen levels are highest.
C) testosterone levels are highest.
D) estrogen levels are lowest.
29. Yang just spent an evening watching pornographic movies of attractive women who actually seemed to
enjoy being sexually molested. This experience is most likely to lead Yang to:
A) see his own girlfriend as sexually unreceptive.
B) view sexual promiscuity as morally wrong.
C) be more willing to hurt women.
D) feel unsure about his gender identity.
E) perceive himself as sexually impotent.
30. In order to encourage achievement motivation in the classroom, students should be taught to attribute
their good grades to:
A) the easy nature of most academic tasks.
B) their parents effective supervision of their study time.
C) their own high level of intelligence.
D) their teachers' generous grading standards.
E) their own hard work.
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Answer Key -- 2002quiz12
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B
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B
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D
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B
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E
B
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E
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