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TCAP Spring 2014 Item Release Grade 7 Science 1100779 1 2 3 4 5 A B C D E Printed in the USA ISD11704 Item # 1 The equation to determine distance using speed and time is shown below. Distance(d ) = Speed (s)× Time(t ) How far does an object move if it travels at a speed of 10 meters per second for 8 seconds? A 0.8 meter B 8 meters C 80 meters D 800 meters TNS40355_C 2 Item # 2 The top layer of Earth is only about 50 kilometers thick. This layer is known as the A mantle. B outer core. C inner core. D crust. TNS51117_D 3 Item # 3 Which of these best describes a method of sexual reproduction in plants? A Roots of a lily plant are cut and replanted. B Flowers from a carrot plant are pollinated and produce seeds. C A potato planted in the ground grows a new stem. D A runner from a strawberry plant produces genetically identical offspring. TNS51105_B 4 Item # 4 A person uses a bottle opener to remove a cap from a bottle. What type of simple machine is the bottle opener? A lever B pulley C wheel and axle D inclined plane TNS10569_A 5 item # 5 Two objects are connected by a rope over a pulley. According to Newton’s second law of motion, the masses will start to move if the A acceleration of Object 1 is greater than the acceleration of Object 2. B acceleration of Object 2 is greater than the acceleration of Object 1. C mass of Object 1 is greater than the mass of Object 2. D mass of Object 2 is greater than the mass of Object 1. TNS10806_C 6 Item # 6 A student is examining several unknown minerals. Which tool will be most helpful in identifying the minerals? A ruler B spring scale C steel file D hot plate TNS20319_C 7 Item # 7 The diagram below shows the layers of Earth. What makes up most of Layer 3? A liquid water B molten rock C hydrogen and helium gas D liquid iron and nickel TNS40515_D 8 item # 8 The table below shows four traits that occur in guinea pigs. Two parent guinea pigs that both express recessive traits are crossed. Which trait will most likely be expressed in the offspring? A rough coat texture B short fur C black coat color D white spots TNS50925_D 9 Item # 9 A diagram of a flower is shown below. Which of these are both male reproductive structures? A Stigma and Style B Anther and Filament C Style and Ovary D Stigma and Anther TNS40345_B 10 Item # 10 A student wanted to find out if salt affects the time it takes ice to melt. The student set up the investigation shown in the chart below. Which is one source of error in this investigation? A using a balance to measure mass B applying salt to only one of the ice blocks C placing the ice blocks at the same location D melting the ice blocks at different times of day TNS51161_D 11 Item # 11 In one type of plant, red flowers (R) are dominant to white flowers (r). Two plants that are heterozygous for red flowers are crossed. What is the probability that this cross will produce an offspring with white flowers? A 1 4 B 2 4 C 3 4 D 4 4 TNS20333_A 12 Item # 12 The diagram shows a divergent plate boundary. Which of these will most likely happen because the lithospheric plates move away from each other? A New sea floor forms. B Tides become higher. C Winds become stronger. D Water moves to higher latitudes. TNS40556_A 13 Item # 13 As a riverbank erodes away, sand and mud are transported downstream and settle at the bottom of a lake. Over time, what type of rock is most likely formed at the bottom of the lake? A igneous B lunar C metamorphic D sedimentary TNS00272_D 14 Item # 14 Some organisms in an environment are shown in the picture below. Which has the ability to absorb carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from the environment and produce glucose (C 6H 12O 6 )? A plant B water C soil D frog TNS20461_A 15 Item # 15 An organ system is represented by the diagram below. This system carries nutrients and wastes throughout the body. What organ system is represented? A excretory B nervous C skeletal D circulatory TNS50912_D 16 Item # 16 Geologists placed posts on opposite sides of divergent plates to determine the rate of plate movement. How far apart will the posts most likely have moved after 10 years? A 50 centimeters B 5 meters C 50 meters D 5 kilometers TNS40516_A 17 Item # 17 Look at this diagram of an animal cell. The arrow is pointing to A the endoplasmic reticulum B the Golgi apparatus C a mitochondrion D a ribosome TNS00246_B 18 Item # 18 Students set up four petri dishes. Each petri dish contained the same amount of nutrient material and bacteria. The bacteria were grown under different conditions for ten days. The diameter of the bacteria colonies was measured after ten days. Which statement best identifies the error in their investigation? A Two independent variables were being used. B The difference in temperatures between each trial was too small. C Ten days was not enough time to gather accurate information. D The investigation had only one control. TNS21135_A 19 Item # 19 A student put a stalk of wilted celery into a glass of water. After one hour, the celery was no longer wilted. Which sentence best explains why the celery stalk was no longer wilted? A Salt diffused out of the cells of the celery stalk. B Salt diffused into the cells of the celery stalk. C Water diffused out of the cells of the celery stalk. D Water diffused into the cells of the celery stalk. TNS51096_D 20 Item # 20 A stem cutting of a rose plant was planted in a pot. Weeks later, the cutting grew roots and began to grow into a new rose plant. Which process led to the formation of the new rose plant? A pollination B germination C sexual reproduction D asexual reproduction TNS02118_D 21 Item # 21 Four methods of reproduction are shown in the diagrams below. Which diagram represents sexual reproduction? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 TNS20488_D 22 Item # 22 Which of these correctly identifies a cell organelle and its function? A The nucleus temporarily stores materials. B The ribosome makes proteins. C The vacuole performs cellular respiration. D The Golgi complex converts light energy to chemical energy. TNS40338_B 23 Item # 23 A truck that is traveling at a constant speed is carrying some boxes, as shown in the picture below. If the truck comes to a sudden stop, what will most likely happen to the boxes? A They will stay in the middle of the truck. B They will slide toward the front of the truck. C They will slide toward the back of the truck. D They will fall off the side of the truck. TNS40562_B 24 Item # 24 The diagram below shows a process that occurs in living organisms. Which process is most likely represented in this diagram? A asexual reproduction B cellular respiration C simple diffusion D cell division TNS40532_C 25 Item # 25 A transverse wave is shown. Amplitude is measured by the distance between which points of the wave diagram? A 1 and 5 B 1 and 2 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4 TNS10572_D 26 Item # 26 Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains? A sea-floor spreading B continental plates colliding C river sediment deposition D frequent earthquake activity TNS40351_B 27 Item # 27 Which statement best explains Newton’s third law of motion? A An object at rest tends to stay at rest. B For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. C The acceleration of an object is based on the force applied. D An object continues its motion until an unbalanced force is applied. TNS20766_B 28 Item # 28 As the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere becomes depleted, skin damage can occur from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Which human activity has contributed to the breakdown of the ozone layer? A construction of wind turbines to generate electricity B introduction of invasive plant species into local ecosystems C construction of dams for hydroelectric power D release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere TNS40518_D 29 Item # 29 Which statement describes a function of a cell nucleus? A The nucleus stores cellular wastes. B The nucleus defends the cell against diseases. C The nucleus controls the activities of the cell. D The nucleus produces energy for the cell. TNS51088_C 30 Item # 30 The map shows the motion of a tectonic plate that includes the country of India. Which is the best approximation of the distance this plate moves every year? A less than one millimeter B a few centimeters C several meters D more than one kilometer TNS51137_B 31 Item # 31 Which statement best explains how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related to one another? A Plant cells are the only cells that perform either photosynthesis or cellular respiration. B Glucose is a product of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. C Water is a reactant of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. D Products in photosynthesis are reactants in cellular respiration. TNS51099_D 32 Item # 32 The dog pictured below applies a constant force to the sled. Force( F ) = Mass(m)× Acceleration(a) What change in force is required for the sled to accelerate at twice its current rate? A The force must be increased to four times the current amount. B The force must be increased to double the current amount. C The force must be reduced to one-half of the current amount. D The force must be reduced to one-fourth of the current amount. TNS40546_B 33 Item # 33 When water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, trapped heat is reradiated back to Earth. Which of these will most likely occur when heat is reradiated back to Earth? A Acid precipitation will form. B Soil contamination will increase. C Surface temperatures will increase globally. D The ozone will become thinner and break down. TNS20494_C 34 Item # 34 After a living cell is placed in pure water, the cell will A enlarge when water diffuses across the membrane into the cytoplasm. B shrink when large molecules are transported into the cytoplasm. C enlarge when water from inside the cell is carried out across the membrane. D shrink when sugars diffuse out of the cell across the membrane. TNS40506_A 35 Item # 35 A school had a garden with four sections, each with the same type of soil. Students covered each section with a different type of weed-control cloth. The students planted 10 pepper plants in each section through holes cut into the weed-control cloth. The students kept all the growing conditions in each section the same. What is the independent variable in this investigation? A the number of weeds in each section at the end of the investigation B the health of the pepper plants at the end of the investigation C the type of soil in the garden sections D the type of weed-control cloth TNS40248_D 36 Item # 36 Time 1 shows a rock underground. Time 2 shows the rock exposed at the surface many years later. What is the term for the process that exposed the rock at the surface? A cementation B erosion C transportation D deposition TNS51132_B 37 Item # 37 A go-cart traveled 200 meters in 18 seconds. What was the average speed of the go-cart using the formula below? Speed = s= Distance Time d t A 0.09 meters second B 11.1 meters second C 218.0 meters second D 3,600.0 meters second TNS30810_B 38 Item # 38 An offspring that resulted from sexual reproduction has most likely received A only dominant genes from a single parent. B identical sets of genes from two different parents. C only chromosomes from one parent and only genes from another parent. D the same number of chromosomes from a male parent and a female parent. TNS40511_D 39 Item # 39 The chart shows the properties of some minerals. A sample of a mineral is red and has a white streak. Based on the chart, which type of mineral is the sample? A Sulfur B Serpentine C Opal D Hematite TNS50277_B 40 Item # 40 A light bulb manufacturer plans to introduce a new type of energy efficient bulb. The company plans comparison tests between the new light bulb and a standard bulb. Which comparison is most helpful in determining if the new bulb meets the goal of decreased energy usage? A the brightness of the bulbs B the spectrum of light produced by each bulb C the average number of hours the bulbs stay lit D the amount of electricity consumed to light each bulb TNS21136_D 41 Item # 41 In the diagrams below, the circle represents a particle in a wave. Which diagram best demonstrates a particle moving in a transverse wave? A B C D TNS40266_A 42 Item # 42 The diagram shows parts of a flower. Which number on the diagram represents the part of the flower that guides pollen to the ovary? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 TNS50924_A 43 Item # 43 Most single-celled aquatic organisms use oxygen that is dissolved in water. When the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water is greater than the oxygen concentration in the organism, oxygen molecules pass through the cell membrane into the organism. What process causes this movement of oxygen molecules? A respiration B photosynthesis C mitosis D diffusion TNS51098_D 44 Item # 44 The table below shows different types of pollination data for the fruit from one plant species. Which graph best represents some of the data in the table? A B C 45 D TNS30608_B 46 Item # 45 A student hypothesized that a mouse would learn to run through a maze faster if food was at the end of the maze. Which tool will best help the student determine if the speed of the mouse improved? A metric ruler B pan balance C stopwatch D spring scale TNS20094_C 47