Download Classification Classification of Living Things

3/15/2017
Classification
Classification of Living Things
Why is it important to
classify?
• There are lots of different
species in the world, and
by making groups, it’s
easier to identify
similarities and
differences.
• Classification- is the
arrangement of organisms
into orderly groups based
on their similarities.
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Classification of Living Things
The more
groups an
organisms is
in the more
similar it is
• The Swedish physician and
botanist who founded
taxonomy name was Carolus
Linnaeus.
• Taxonomy- the science of
identifying, classifying and
naming organisms
• Scientists use a tool known as
a Dichotomous Key to identify
organisms. A dichotomous
key is a pairs of descriptive
statements that help identify
unknown organisms
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Interpreting the Scientific Name
• The scientific name is written in Greek
or Latin and is made up of a 2-part name
consisting of the genus and species
names. This naming system is known as
binomial nomenclature
Genus
Species
Homo
sapien
Felis
domesticus
Canis
lupis
Common name
human
house cat
wolf
The Three Domains
• Domains are the highest and most
general level of classification. All living
things are divided into three domains
1) Bacteria
2) Archaea
3) Eukarya
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1) Bacteria
Includes most bacteria
• found everywhere
• unicellular and prokaryotic (no
nucleus)
• heterotrophic (eat food) or
autotrophic (make own food)
2) Archaea
• Bacteria that live
in extreme
conditions
• ex: Halophiles,
Thermophiles,
Methanogens
The grand Prismatic Spring in
Yellowstone National Park
contains water about 194
degrees Fahrenheit
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3) Eukarya
• The largest domain which contains the
most number of kingdoms
• Organisms are eukaryotic (has nucleus)
• Can be unicellular or multi-cellular
Domains are further broken down
into 6 Kingdoms
1) Eubacteria
2) Archaebacteria
3) Protista
4) Fungi
5) Plantae
6) Animalia
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1) Kingdom Eubacteria
• Everyday bacteria
• Most bacteria are
eubacteria
• Heterotrophic or
autotropic
• found everywhere
• unicellular and prokaryotic
Ex: some E-coli bacteria
can be found in the
intestines decomposing
undigested food or other
species on uncooked meat
2) Kingdom Archaebacteria
• live in extreme
conditions
(hot springs or volcanos)
• -have been on earth at
least 3 billion years
• -archae comes from
the Greek word
"ancient"
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3) Kingdom Protista
• eukaryotic (has nucleus and organelles)
• mostly unicellular
• can contain organisms that are
algae protists
(plant-like)
fungus protists
(fungus-like)
protozoa protists
(animal like)
4) Kingdom Fungi
• Mostly multicellular (cell walls
made of chitin)
• Do not obtain nutrients by
photosynthesis
• absorbs nutrients
• Decomposers
-some molds are used to
make antibiotic s
(penicillin)
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5) Kingdom Plantae
• Multicellular (cell walls made of
cellulose)
• Carry out photosynthesis
• Immobile (can't move)
6) Kingdom Animalia
•
•
•
•
Complex multi-cellular organisms
Mobile (can move)
Have specialized sense organs
Heterotrophic (can't make own food)
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