Download PORCINE STRESS SYNDROME AND ITS EFFECT TO SWINE

PORCINESTRESSSYNDROMEAND
ITSEFFECTTOSWINE
POPULATION
Presenter:JessicaG.Manalaysay
AnimalHealthUnit,PhilippineCarabao Center
NationalHeadquartersandGenepool
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
| Ageneticdisorderinpigs
| Halothanegeneorryanodine
receptor1gene
isresponsibleforporcinestresssyndrome(PSS)
thatiselicitedwhentheanimalsare
experiencingstressorwhentheyhavebeen
exposedtohalothane(Rosenvold and
Andersen,2003)
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RYANODINERECEPTOR1GENE
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME
(PSS)
| PigsunderPSS
conditionmaysuffer
thefollowing
symptoms:
y
Š––’ǣȀȀ…‘•‘•Ǥ—…†ƒ˜‹•Ǥ‡†—Ȁƒ”…Š‹˜‡•ȀʹͲͲͺȀ…Ž—•–‡”ͺȀ…Š‡̴Œ‡‹ˆ‡”Ǥ’†ˆ
‹‰—”‡ͳǤ–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡›ƒ‘†‹‡ ‡…‡’–‘”
heatstress,
laboredbreathing,
musclerigidity
andinworstcases,
death(Bandetal.
2005)
Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥˆƒ‘Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ†‘…”‡’ȀͲͲ͵Ȁ–Ͳ͹ͷ͸‡Ȁ–Ͳ͹ͷ͸‡ͲͷǤŠ–
Figure 2. Rapiddeathof
positivepigscanoccurwhen
exposedtoseverestress
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
NORMALANDMUTANTRYR1
GENE
| Generalanestheticssuch
asthehalothanegascan
alsotriggerthe
symptomsofPSSthus,
thename“halothane
gene”
Š––’ǣȀȀ˜‹”–—ƒ˜‡–Ǥ™‘”†’”‡••Ǥ…‘ȀʹͲͳʹȀͲͺȀʹ͸Ȁ‹‹Ǧ’‹‰Ǧ‡—–‡”Ǧ†ƒ›Ȁ
Figure3.Anesthetic Induction
Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ’—„‡†…‡–”ƒŽǤ‹ŠǤ‰‘˜Ȁƒ”–‹…Ž‡”‡†‡”Ǥˆ…‰‹ǫƒ”–‹†αͳͳͺͳͲͻʹ
Figure4.Differencebetweentheaffinitiesof
cytosolic Ca2+ andcytosolic Mg2+ innormaland
mutantRYR1
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PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
| PSSiscausedbyadefectintheryanodine
receptor1(RYR1)gene
ǦThedefectiscausedby
Cytosine/Thyminemutationatnucleotide
1843intheRYR1gene. Asaresult,the
aminoacidCysteine isreplacedby
arginine (Jovanovic etal.2005).
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
| Favero
(2000)addedthattheincreased
anaerobicrespirationinmuscles
generatesrapiddecreaseinpHafterdeath
Ǧaffectsthemeatquality
characteristicssuchascolorandwaterǦ
holdingcapacitywhicharenotsuitablefor
meatpreparationduetoexcessivewater
loss
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
| TheHALgeneorRYR1genebringsa
conditiondescribingthequalityofporkas
pale,softandexudative (PSE)whichisa
negativeeffect
HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/DOCREP/003/T0756E/T0756E05.HTM
http://www.globalswine.com/assets/images/qualitystandards.jpg
Figure5.PorkQualityStandards.NationalPork
ProducersCouncil
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SCREENINGFORPORCINESTRESS
SYNDROME
| Thescreeningwillenablebreedersto
effectivelydeterminewhichpigswillbe
suitableforbreeding
y
HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/DOCREP/003/T0756E/T0756E05.HTM
Figure6.Dark,firmanddrypork
(right);pale,softandexudative pork
(left);thenormalporkisinthemiddle.
Thiswillthenallowonlybetterqualityof
porkthatwillincreasetheeconomicvalueof
themeat
SCREENINGFORPORCINESTRESS
SYNDROME
SCREENINGFORPORCINESTRESS
SYNDROME
| ApplicationofMSǦPCRinScreeningfor
PorcineStressSyndrome
y
MSPCRisaPCRǦbasedtechniquedevelopedby
Rustetal.in1993,wherebybothnormaland
mutantallelescanbeamplifiedinthesame
reactiontube,usingdifferentlengthalleleǦ
specificprimers
Figure7fromJinet.al.(2005).Š‡ǦƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆͳ
‰‡‡Ǥ ƒ‡ ͳǡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ƒ”‡”• ’ͳͺȀHaeǢ ƒ‡• ʹ ƒ† ͵ǡ
ˆ”‘ƒ‘”ƒŽ’‹‰Ǣƒ‡•Ͷƒ†ͷǡˆ”‘ƒ—–ƒ–’‹‰Ǣ
ƒ‡•͸ƒ†͹ǡˆ”‘ƒ…ƒ””‹‡”’‹‰Ǣƒ‡ͺǡ’”‘†—…–•–Šƒ–
ƒ’Ž‹ˆ‹‡†ˆ”‘ͳͺǡͶ͹ͷ–‘ͳͺǡ͸ͻͷǤ
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PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
1
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
| Thegenecanoccurinthreepossiblegenotypes:
normal(NN),carrier(Nn)andpositive(nn)
| UsingMSǦPCRtheDNAoftheanimalshadthe
sizeof:
114bpǦ Normal
114and134bpǦ Carrier
134bpǦ Mutant
125 bp
Figure8.Agarose gelelectrophoresisoftheHalgene
amplifiedbyMSǦPCR.Lane1Ǧ Molecularweight
markerladder50bp;lane2isNC;lane3isPC;lanes
4Ǧ12areDNAsamples
PORCINESTRESSSYNDROME(PSS)
1
L
2
3
4
5
MOTHER
FATHER
6
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
R r
R
r
150bp
100bp
50bp
Figure9.Agarose gelelectrophoresisoftheHalgene
amplifiedbyMSǦPCR.Lane1Ǧ Molecularweight
markerladder50bp;lanes2Ǧ12wereclassifiedas
heterozygotes,Nn (134and114bp)
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
R R
NONCARRIER
1OUTOF4CHANCE
(25%)
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
R r
GENETICCARRIERS
2OUTOF4CHANCE(50%)
Š––’ǣȀȀŽ‘…ƒŽ‰‘˜…ƒ”‡‡”•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’‹‰ǤŠ–ŽȀ’‹‰Ǧͻ
r r
AFFECTED
1OUTOF4CHANCE
25%
Figure10.Autosomal RecessiveInheritance
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SCREENINGFORPORCINESTRESS
SYNDROME
| Manipulationofthebreedingsystemcan
bedoneviamolecularanalysissuchas
geneticscreeningusinglivepigswhichisa
fastandnoninvasivetypeoftesting
(Bastos etal.2000)
SCREENINGFORPORCINESTRESS
SYNDROME
|
Correlationwithinand
amongthebreed
shouldbedonesothat
onemaybeableto
determinethe
relationshipbetween
PSSandbreedinthe
swinepopulation.
Æ Thismayhelpinthe
formationofanew
breedingprogramthat
couldpossibly
eliminatethePSSin
thebreedingstock.
REFERENCES
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Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•™‹‡•–”‡••‰‡‡„›–‡•–‹‰—•‹‰’Ž—…‡†Šƒ‹”ƒ•ƒ
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‹ǡƒ”ǡƒ”ǡ™ƒ‰ǡ‡‡ǡ‡‘ ǡ‹ǡŠ‘ ǡ‹ǡ‹ǡ‡‰
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‘˜ƒ‘˜‹… ǡ—œ‹…ƒ ǡ‹Žƒǡƒ”ƒ… ǤʹͲͲͷǤ‘”…‹‡–”‡••›†”‘‡ȋȌ
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‘•‡˜‘Ž† ǡ†‡”•‘ǤʹͲͲ͵Ǥƒ…–‘”•‘ˆ•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‡ˆ‘”’‘”“—ƒŽ‹–›Ǧ ƒ
”‡˜‹‡™ǤMeatScience͸ͶǣʹͳͻǦʹ͵͹Ǥ
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