Download Practice test Campbell Chapter 7. See end of test for key. Which one

BIO101
Practice test Campbell Chapter 7. See end of test for key.
Which one of the following cell structures exhibits selective permeability between
a cell and its external environment? ( Overview)
the plasma membrane
mitochondria
chloroplasts
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
Which of the following statements about the role of phospholipids in forming
membranes is correct? ( Concept 7.1)
Phospholipids are completely insoluble in water.
Phospholipids form a single sheet in water.
Phospholipids form a structure in which the hydrophobic portion faces
outward.
Phospholipids form a selectively permeable structure.
They are triacylglycerols, which are commonly available in foods.
The plasma membrane is referred to as a "fluid mosaic" structure. Which of the
following statements about that model is true? ( Concept 7.1)
The fluid component of the membrane is composed of phospholipids, and
the mosaic part is composed of carbohydrates.
The fluid aspect of the membrane describes its structure at normal
temperatures, and the mosaic aspect describes the membrane as the
temperature is lowered.
The mosaic comprises the carbohydrate chains on the inner surface of the
membrane.
The fluid component of the membrane is phospholipid, and the mosaic is
protein.
Only phospholipids are capable of moving in the membrane.
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Which of the following types of information is (are) most likely to be derived from
freeze-fracture of biological samples? ( Concept 7.1)
the coded information in DNA
thin sections (slices) of fixed and embedded cells
proteins embedded in membrane bilayers
patterns of movement in living cells
all of the above
Consider the currently accepted fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane.
Where in the plasma membrane would cholesterol most likely be found? (
Concept 7.1)
on the outside (external) surface of the membrane
in the interior of the membrane
on the inside (cytoplasmic) surface
in the interior and on the inside surface, but not on the outside surface
on either surface of the membrane, but not in the interior of the membrane
Which of the following functional processes result(s) from the presence of proteins
in or on the plasma membrane? ( Concept 7.1)
enzymatic activity
cell-cell recognition
intercellular joining
cell-cell communication
all of the above
Which of the following is/are a function of membrane proteins? (
Concept 7.1)
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Membrane proteins attach the membrane to the cytoskeleton.
Membrane proteins provide receptors for chemical messengers.
All of the answers are correct.
Membrane proteins with short sugar chains form identification tags that are
recognized by other cells.
Which one of the following molecules is most likely to diffuse freely across the
lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane without the involvement of a transport
protein? ( Concept 7.2)
carbon dioxide
glucose
sodium ion
DNA
hemoglobin
Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a plasma
membrane without the help of a transport protein? ( Concept 7.2)
a large polar molecule
a large nonpolar molecule
dissolved gases such as oxygen or carbon dioxide
a small nonpolar molecule
Any of the above would easily diffuse through the membrane.
Which of the following structures is most consistent with the selective
permeability property of biological membranes? ( Concept 7.2)
proteins sandwiched between two layers of phospholipid
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proteins embedded in two layers of phospholipid
a layer of protein coating a layer of phospholipid
phospholipids sandwiched between two layers of protein
a phospholipid bilayer with proteins scattered on the surfaces of the
membranes
Which of the following statements about passive transport is correct? (
7.3)
Concept
Passive transport operates independently of diffusion.
Passive transport operates independently of the concentrations of the
substance being transported.
In passive transport, all movement of the transported molecule stops when
its concentration is the same on both sides of the membrane.
Passive transport does not occur in the human body.
Passive transport permits the transported molecule to move in either
direction, but the majority of transport occurs down the concentration
gradient of the molecule.
Cells A and B are the same size, shape, and temperature, but cell A is
metabolically quiet and cell B is actively consuming oxygen. Oxygen will diffuse
more quickly into cell _____ because _____. ( Concept 7.3)
A; the diffusion gradient there is shallower
A; its membrane transport proteins will not be saturated
B; the diffusion gradient in cell B is steeper
B; the oxygen molecules inside cell B have a higher kinetic energy
B; the gradient of oxygen is oriented in the opposite direction compared to
cell A
Which one of the following statements about diffusion is true? (
Concept 7.3)
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It is very rapid over long distances.
It requires expenditure of energy by the cell.
It is a passive process.
It occurs when molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a
region of higher concentration.
It always requires integral proteins of the cell membrane.
The internal solute concentration of a plant cell is about 0.8 M. To demonstrate
plasmolysis, it would be necessary to suspend the cell in what solution? (
Concept 7.3)
distilled water
0.4 M
0.8 M
1.0 M
none of the above
A single plant cell is placed in an isotonic solution. Salt is then added to the
solution. Which of the following would occur as a result of the salt addition? (
Concept 7.3)
The added salt would enter the cell, causing the cell to take up water and
swell.
Water would enter the cell by osmosis, and the cell would swell.
Water would leave the cell by osmosis, causing the volume of the cytoplasm
to decrease.
There would be no osmotic movement of water in response to the added
salt.
The added salt makes the solution hypotonic compared to the cell. Water
will enter the cell by osmosis.
If a red blood cell and a plant cell were placed in seawater, what would happen to
the two types of cells? ( Concept 7.3)
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The red blood cell would burst, and the plant cell would shrink.
Both cells would lose water; the red blood cell would shrivel, and the plant
plasma membrane would pull away from the cell wall.
Seawater is isotonic to both cells. There will be no change in water content
of the cells.
Both cells would gain water by osmosis; the red blood cell would burst, and
the plant cell would increase in turgor pressure.
The red blood cell would shrink, and the plant cell would gain water.
Which of these statements describes some aspect of facilitated diffusion? (
Concept 7.3)
Facilitated diffusion is another name for osmosis.
Facilitated diffusion of solutes occurs through phospholipid pores in the
membrane.
Facilitated diffusion requires energy to drive a concentration gradient.
Facilitated diffusion of solutes may occur through protein pores in the
membrane.
There is only one kind of protein pore for facilitated diffusion.
Which of the following is (are) true about facilitated diffusion? (
Concept 7.3)
Facilitated diffusion requires a concentration gradient.
Facilitated diffusion requires a membrane.
Facilitated diffusion involves proteins.
Facilitated diffusion does not involve an outside energy source.
all of the above
Green olives may be preserved in brine, which is a 30% salt solution. How does
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this method of preservation prevent contamination by microorganisms? (
Concept 7.3)
Bacterial cells shrivel up in high salt solutions, causing the cell to burst.
High salt concentration lowers the pH, thus inhibiting bacterial metabolism.
High salt concentration raises the pH, thus inhibiting bacterial metabolism.
A 30% salt solution is hypotonic to the bacteria, so they gain too much
water and burst.
A 30% salt solution is hypertonic to the bacteria, so they lose too much
water and cannot survive.
Active transport requires a cell to expend energy. Which of the following
statements is true? ( Concept 7.4)
Active transport often involves an ATP-powered ion pump and a
cotransport protein.
Active transport usually uses ATP as its energy source.
Active transport moves solutes against the concentration gradient.
Active transport requires a protein carrier.
all of the above
Which of the following is a correct difference between active transport and
facilitated diffusion? ( Concept 7.4)
Active transport involves transport proteins, and facilitated diffusion does
not.
Facilitated diffusion can move solutes against a concentration gradient, and
active transport cannot.
Active transport can move solutes in either direction across a membrane,
but facilitated diffusion can only move in one direction.
Facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, and active transport does
not.
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Active transport requires energy from ATP, and facilitated diffusion does
not.
Which one of the following pairs correctly matches a membrane transport process
to its primary function? ( Concept 7.5)
phagocytosis; secretion of large particles from the cell by fusion of vesicles
with the plasma membrane
exocytosis; the movement of water and solutes out of the cell by vesicle
fusion with the plasma membrane
pinocytosis; the uptake of water and small solutes into the cell by formation
of vesicles at the plasma membrane.
osmosis; passive diffusion of water and small solutes across a membrane
none of the above
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
the plasma membrane
Phospholipids form a selectively permeable structure
The fluid component of the membrane is phospholipid, and the mosaic is protein
proteins embedded in membrane bilayers
in the interior of the membrane
all of the above
All of the answers are correct
carbon dioxide
a large polar molecule
proteins embedded in two layers of phospholipid
Passive transport permits the transported molecule to move in either direction, but the
majority of transport occurs down the concentration gradient of the molecule
12. the diffusion gradient in cell B is steeper
13. It is a passive process
14. 1.0 M
15. Water would leave the cell by osmosis, causing the volume of the cytoplasm to decrease
16. Both cells would lose water; the red blood cell would shrivel, and the plant plasma
membrane would pull away from the cell wall
17. Facilitated diffusion of solutes may occur through protein pores in the membrane
18. all of the above
19. A 30% salt solution is hypertonic to the bacteria, so they lose too much water and cannot
survive.
20. all of the above
21. Active transport requires energy from ATP, and facilitated diffusion does not
37. pinocytosis; the uptake of water and small solutes into the cell by formation of vesicles at
the plasma membrane