Download Power point: Tissues

Tissues
Four Types of Tissues
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Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Epithelial Tissue
• Epidermal membrane – Skin
• Serous membrane – linings of the
internal cavities
(excluding: dorsal cavity and joint cavity)
• Mucous membrane – linings of
digestive and respiratory tracks
Epithelial Tissue
Characteristics
1. Cells fit close together
2. Membranes always have
one free surface
3. Cells are attached to a
Basement membrane
Epithelial Tissue
4. Avascular – nutrients
diffuse from underlying
connective tissue
5. Regeneration is easy if
well nourished
Epithelial Tissue Types
1. Simple –
single layer
Epithelial Tissue Types
2. Stratified Stacked
Epithelial Tissue Types
3. Glandular:
– in
glands used to excrete or
secrete solutions
Simple Epithelial
Responsible for
• Diffusion
• Filtration
• Secretion
• Absorption
Simple Epithelial
1. Squamous
Flat
Used in
filtration
Rapid
diffusion of
gas into
solution
Simple Epithelial
• Simple
Squamous
Epithelial
Simple Epithelial
2. Cuboidal
Simple Epithelial
3. Columnar
–Column
shaped
–Free surface
may have
microvilli
Simple Epithelial
• Simple
Columnar
Epithelial
Simple Epithelial
Simple columnar
epithelial
Simple Epithelial
4.Pseudostratified
– All cells attached
to the basement
membrane, may
have cilia on the
free surface
Stratified Epithelial
• Passive diffusion is possible
• Resistant to damage
Stratified Epithelial
1. Stratified
Squamous
– Skin
– Oral cavity
– Pharynx
– Vocal chords
– Esophagus
– Vagina
– Anus
Stratified Epithelial
• Stratified
Squamous
Epithelial
Stratified Epithelial
2. Transitional
– All squamous
Example:
Bladder –
expands to
hold up to 1
liter of fluid
Stratified Epithelial
• Transitional
Glandular Epithelial
First type:
Endocrine:
Ductless
Production of hormones
released directly into the
blood or lymph system
Glandular Epithelial
Second type:
Exocrine:
Retain their ducts
Release of material on an
epithelia membrane
Ex. Sweat, oil, mammary
Tissue Types
 Epithelial
 Connective
 Muscular
 Nervous
Connective Tissue
•Most abundant and widely spread
•Found in all parts of the body as a
discrete structure or as a body organ
Connective Tissue
• Functions:
Protect – bones and adipose
(insulate / pad)
Support - bones
Bind together – ligaments and
tendons
Connective Tissue
• Characteristics
1. well vascularized
(few exceptions – cartilage / ligament /
tendons)
2. composed of different types of cells
3. contains a matrix
(non living material between cells)
Connective Tissue
• Matrix:
1.Produced by the cells then extruded
2. Responsible for strength
associated with the tissue
3. Consistency may range from liquid
to semisolid to gel like to hard
Connective Tissue
• Matrix
4. Range
Hemopoietic and adipose
–mostly cells
Dense – bone and
cartilage – mostly matrix
Connective Tissue
• Matrix
Connective Tissue
•Adipose
connective
tissue
Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
•Blood
– Erythrocytes and
one Leukocyte
(monocyte)
Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
Bone
Connective Tissue
•Dense fibrous
Connective Tissue
•Hyaline Cartilage
Connective Tissue
Tissue Types
 Epithelial
 Connective
 Muscular
 Nervous
Muscular
Tissue that has the ability to contract
and relax to provide movement
through space.
Muscular
Types:
1. Skeletal – attached to the skeleton
multinucleated
striated
Voluntary
Muscular
•Teased Skeletal Muscle
Muscular
•Cardiac Muscle:
1. only found in the heart
2. Multinucleated
3. Striated
4. Intercalated disks at tight
junctions
Muscular
• Cardiac muscle / Involuntary
Muscular
• Smooth Muscle:
Visceral
Found Inside the walls of hollow
organs and blood vessels.
Unlike the other two types of
muscles
No striations & uninucleated
Muscular
• Smooth muscle
Teased
Muscular
Tissue Types
 Epithelial
 Connective
 Muscular
 Nervous
Nervous Tissue
• Cells are called Neurons
• Cell structure is unique from all
other cells in the body
• Cells migrate Used for the
conduction of impulses
• Length varies from 1mm to 1 meter
Nervous Tissue
Typical neural cell
Nervous Tissue
Lower brain stem
Nervous Tissue
Cerebral cortex