Download Chapter 27: Cold War America 1945-1960

Chapter 27: Cold War
America 1945-1960
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Chapter 27 Learning Objectives
What were the origins of the Cold War?
Explain its broad ideological, economic,
political, & military components.
Analyze & discuss America’s plans of
containment & economic aid & the
consequent events that characterized
foreign affairs between 1945-1852.
What were the causes, conduct, &
consequences of the Korean War?
How did the Cold War affect domestic
economic & political affairs in the 1950s?
How & why did civil rights emerge as a
national domestic issue after 1945?
Yalta Conference Sets the Stage for the Cold War
BBC. "Days That Shook the World: 1901–1954."
unitedstreaming: http://www.unitedstreaming.com/
The Cold War 1945-1991:
An Ideological Struggle
Soviet & Eastern
Bloc Nations
“Iron Curtain”
GOAL  spread worldwide Communism
METHODOLOGIES:
US & Western
Democracies
GOAL  “Containment”
of Communism & the
eventual collapse of the
Communist world.
[George Kennan]
1. Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]
2. Arms Race [nuclear escalation]
3. Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples
[Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist
economy]  “proxy wars”
4. Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]
The “Iron Curtain”
From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain
has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient
capitals of Central and Eastern Europe.
-- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946
Post-War Germany
Section 1: The Cold War Abroad
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What factors gave rise to the
Cold War between the United
States & the Soviet Union?
What were the key aspects of
the Truman Doctrine?
What were the key aspects of
the Marshall plan?
What was the Berlin Blockade
& Berlin Airlift? What was
the significance of this event?
What was NATO? What was
the Warsaw Pact?
Truman Doctrine 1947
1. Civil War in Greece.
2. Turkey under pressure from
the USSR for concessions in
the Dardanelles.
3. The U. S. should support free
peoples throughout the world
who were resisting takeovers by
armed minorities or outside
pressures…We must assist free
peoples to work out their own
destinies in their own way.
4. The U.S. gave Greece &
Turkey $400 million in aid.
Truman Doctrine 1947
Marshall Plan 1948
1. “European Recovery
Program.”
2. Secretary of State,
George Marshall
3. The U. S. should provide
aid to all European nations
that need it. This move
is not against any country or
doctrine, but against hunger, poverty,
desperation, and chaos.
4. $12.5 billion of US aid to Western
Europe extended to Eastern Europe
& USSR, [but this was rejected].
Marshall Plan 1948
Poster designed to
build support for
the Marshall Plan
Berlin Blockade & Airlift 1948-1949
Berlin Blockade & Airlift 1948-1949
BBC. "Days That Shook the World: 1901–1954."
unitedstreaming: http://www.unitedstreaming.com/
The Arms Race: A “Missile Gap?”
The Soviet Union
exploded its first Abomb in 1949.
Now there were two
nuclear superpowers!
North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949
v
United States
v
Luxemburg
v
Belgium
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Netherlands
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Britain
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Norway
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Canada
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Portugal
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Denmark
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France
1952: Greece &
Turkey
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Iceland
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1955: West Germany
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Italy
v
1983: Spain
Warsaw Pact 1955
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U. S. S. R.
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East Germany
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Albania
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Hungary
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Bulgaria
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Poland
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Czechoslovakia
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Rumania
Mao’s Revolution-the Establishment of the
People’s Republic of China: 1949
Who lost China?
Mao’s Revolution-the Establishment of the People’s
Republic of China: 1949
Mao Zedong
BBC. "Days That Shook the World: 1901–1954."
unitedstreaming: http://www.unitedstreaming.com/
Korean War 1950-1953
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What impact did NSC-68 &
and the Korean War have on
the development of Cold
War American defense
policy?
How did the Korean War
demonstrate the strengths &
weaknesses of the new
United Nations?
Why did President Truman
& General Douglas
MacArthur clash during the
Korean War?
Was the Korean War a
successful demonstration of
the Truman Doctrine &
Containment or a failure?
Korean War 1950-1953
BBC. "Days That Shook the World: 1901–1954."
unitedstreaming: http://www.unitedstreaming.com/