Download Skeletal System Notes

Name: _____________________________________________ Period: __________
The Skeletal System
Learning Targets
 I can describe the parts and functions of the skeletal system and explain how they
work together
 I can describe the types of connective tissue
 I can discuss and describe bone injuries and disorders of the skeletal system.
The Vocabulary terms for this lesson are: (Define each of these words 308-311)
 Skeletal system.
 Joint.
 Cartilage.
 Ligament.
 Tendon.
 Bones for Support, Muscles for Movement
You depend on your skeletal and muscular systems to support you and help you move.
 Bones for Support
The skeletal system gives the body structure and protects the internal organs.
The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones as well as many joints and connecting tissues.
Connective tissue is made up of: Cartilage, Ligaments, and Tendons
Bones have many important jobs:
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Movement: bones provide points of attachment for muscles. When your limbs move muscles
pull on bones.
Support: backbone is made of 24 bones called vertebrae. Backbone supports head and upper
body
Protection: bones of the skull protect the brain; ribs protect your heart and lungs
Blood cell formation: Red and white blood cells are formed by tissue called marrow, which is in
the center of some bones
Storage: store minerals like calcium
 Bones for support
The inner cavity of your long bones contain yellow marrow and red marrow.
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Yellow marrow is a fatty tissue
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Red marrow produces red blood cells and most of the white blood cells in your blood
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The outside of your bone is called compact bone
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The inside of your bone is called spongy bone
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The inner cavity of long bones contains bone marrow
 Joints
The skeletal system has several types of joints.
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Some joints are immoveable, such as those in the skull.
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Others allow a wide range of movement.
 Ball and Socket Joint- Move in all directions
Examples: Hips and shoulders
 Hinge Joint- Move in only one direction
Examples: Elbows and knees
 Gliding Joint-Enable bones to slide over one another
Examples: Vertebrae, wrists, and ankles
 Pivot Joint- Move from side to side and up and down
Examples: head and neck
 Connective Tissue
3 Types of connecting tissues link bones to muscles so that the two can work together to move
parts of the body. Each type has a specific function:
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Cartilage allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissues, such as
those in the nose and ear.
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When you were a baby, your skeleton was mostly cartilage. As you grew
cartilage was replace by bone.
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Ligaments hold bones in place at the joints; for example, in the knee and ankle.
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Tendons join muscle to muscle or muscle to bone.
 Caring for Your Skeletal System
Keep the skeletal system healthy by following these tips:
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Participate in regular physical activity.
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Follow a nutritious eating plan.
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Practice good posture.
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Lift objects carefully.
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Treat injuries quickly.
 Problems of the Skeletal System (Define each of these words p.311)
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Fracture:
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Dislocation
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Sprain
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Arthritis
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Scoliosis
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Osteomyelitis
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Osteoporosis
 Reviewing Terms and Facts
1. The ______________ _________________ is the framework of bones and other tissues that
supports the body.
2. The place where two or more bones meet is called a _____________________.
3. _____________________ allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft
tissues, such as those in the nose and ear.
4. A ______________________ holds bones in place at the joints.
5. ____________________ join muscle to muscle or muscle to bone.