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Chapter 27 Review 1 The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter A A. B B. C C. D D. E E. 2 The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter A A. B B. C C. D D. E E. 3 ______ are A B C D surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface. Pili Flagella Cell walls Ribosomes 4 What is the function of a bacterium's capsule? A adhesion B protection C propulsion D DNA containment 5 Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found? A capsule B nucleus C ribosomes D nucleoid region 6 In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized? A nucleus B capsule C ribosomes D peroxisome 7 What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell? A B C D E pili flagella cell wall peptidoglycan nucleoid region 8 The prokaryotic cells that were the first to add significant quantities of oxygen to Earth's atmosphere are classified as A chlamydias. B spirochetes. C cyanobacteria. D proteobacteria. 9 Spiral-shaped bacteria are likely to be placed with A chlamydias. B spirochetes. C cyanobacteria. D proteobacteria. 10 According to this cladogram, which of these pairs of prokaryotic subgroups share the most recent common ancestor? A B C D Euryarchaeota ... Cyanobacteria Proteobacteria ... Crenarchaeota Proteobacteria ... Euryarchaeota Euryarchaeota ... Crenarchaeota 11 Photoautotrophs use A CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source. B H2S as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source. C light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source. D light as an energy source and methane as a carbon source. 12 Which of the following is the most common compound in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria? A lignin B protein C cellulose D peptidoglycan 13 Which of the following is the correct order, from most external to most internal? A cell wall, plasma membrane, capsule B cell wall, capsule, plasma membrane C capsule, plasma membrane, cell wall D capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane 14 Which prokaryotes should be expected to be most strongly resistant to plasmolysis in hypertonic environments? A methanogens B extreme halophiles C extreme thermophiles D nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in root nodules 15 Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is TRUE? A They divide by binary fission, without mitosis or meiosis. B Their genetic material is confined within a nuclear envelope. C The persistence of bacteria throughout evolutionary time is due to genetic similarity. D Genetic variation in bacteria is not known to occur, nor should it occur, because of their asexual mode of reproduction.