Download AS 100 Chap 7 Lesson 1 – Solar System

AS 100 Chap 7 Lesson 1 – Solar System
Who was Copernicus?
- He came up with the hypothesis of heliocentric (Sun centered) vs geocentric (Earth centered)
- Draw the heliocentric model (6 circles)
- How many planets are there? Come place them on the board in the right place
Each of these planets revolve circles in a what? Orbit
Which planet is the furthest and which is the closest (Neptune/Mercury)
What is the largest object in the solar system? Sun (located in the Milky Way Galaxy)
- Galaxy – huge mass of stars, gas, and dust clouds that exists in one area of space
How are galaxies and solar systems held together? Gravity
- Gravity produces what? Tides
- What gravity holds the planets in place (Sun’s gravity)
- Each planet’s gravity holds its moon in place
Mercury (Smallest planet)
- Closest to the sun
- Temps extreme (750 deg daytime/330 deg below zero)
Venus (Closest to Earth)
- Only planet to rotate backwards
- 900 Deg
Earth (Only planet to sustain life as far as we know)
- 78% Nit, 21% oxygen, 1% other
- 70% of Earth’s surface is water
- Moon revolves around earth in an elliptical orbit
- Moon orbits earth in a geosynchronous orbit (in sync w/ earth and takes one day to complete)
- Moons gravity creates tides on Earth
Mars (Red Planet)
- Covered w deserts, mountains, craters and volcanoes
- Has highest mountain in solar system (17 miles high)
Jupiter (Largest planet)
- Made of mostly gases and no solid surface (gas giant)
- Has 16 moons
Saturn (2nd largest planet)
- Ringed planet (7 rings)
o Made of chunks of rocks
- 18 moons: It’s moon (Titan) has its own atmosphere
Uranus (3rd Largest planet)
- Spins on its side
- 15 moons
Neptune (Farthest planet out)
- Windiest planet (1,500 mph)
Asteroid – rocky and metallic object orbiting the sun
Comet – small, odd-shaped body with a center of ice, rock, and frozen gas
- Called dirty snowballs (made of mainly ice)
- Known comets (Haley, Hale-Bopp, Swift-Tuttle, Hyakutake)
Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt – Vast region extending beyond Neptune
Meteoroid – piece of rock or metal that travels in space (smallest objects in space)
Meteorite – meteoroid that lands on Earth’s surface
Meteor – meteoroid passing through Earth’s atmosphere, leaving a visible trail (shooting star)
Ptolemy – Earliest widely known astronomer
- Put Earth at the center of the universe
- Known for way of combining other astronomer’s ideas
Constellation – group of stars people think of as forming a picture in the sky
Ulug Bek (mathematician and astronomer)
- Had observatory in Uzbekistan
- Found errors in Ptolemy’s calculations
Copernicus – Born in Poland
- Renaissance Man (interested in science and art)
Kepler – First to use the modern scientific method
- Showed orbits of planets weren’t perfect circles, but ellipses (ovals)
Galileo – First to use the telescope
- First to see moon’s craters
- “Father of the telescope”
- “Father of modern astronomy”
- “Father of modern science”