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ENG_C2.0605R
Poetry
Creative Writing
Reading & Writing
Level C2
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ENG_C2.0605R
Poetry Outline
C2.0505R
ENG_C2.0605R
Content
Being able to creatively write poetry is an art form in every language. This lesson
will introduce you to writing poetry in English including free verse and form
poetry.
Learning Outcomes
• Learn about different languages and types of poetry
• Learn vocabulary related to poetry
• Gain an introduction to writing poetry in English
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Text
ENG_C2.0605R
Poetry
Poetry is a form of literature that
uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities
of language—such as sound symbolism,
and meter—to evoke meanings. Poetry has a
long history. Ancient attempts to define
poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on
the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama,
song and comedy. Later attempts
concentrated on features such as
repetition, verse form and rhyme.
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ENG_C2.0605R
Poetry uses forms to suggest different interpretation to words, or to evoke
emotive responses. Poetry styles such
as alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to
achieve musical effects. Symbolism and other stylistic elements of poetry often
leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Figures of speech such
as metaphor and simile create a resonance —a layering of meanings, forming
connections previously not thought of.
Some poetry types are specific to
particular cultures and genres and respond to
characteristics of the language. In today's
increasingly globalized world, poets often
adapt forms, styles and techniques from
diverse cultures and languages.
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ENG_C2.0605R
Prosody is the study of the meter, rhythm, and intonation of a poem.
Rhythm and meter are different, although closely related. Meter is the
pattern established for a verse (such as iambic pentameter), while rhythm
is the actual sound that results from a line of poetry.
Metrical rhythm generally involves precise arrangements of stresses or syllables
into repeated patterns..
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ENG_C2.0605R
The methods for creating poetic rhythm vary
across languages and between poetic
traditions. Languages are often described as
having timing set primarily by accents,
syllables, or mora, depending on how rhythm is
established, though a language can be
influenced by multiple approaches. Japanese is
a mora-timed language. Syllable-timed
languages
include Latin, Catalan, French, Leonese,Galicia
n and Spanish. English, Russian and, German
are stress-timed languages.
Varying intonation also affects how rhythm is
perceived. Languages can rely on either pitch,
such as in Vedic Sanskrit or Ancient Greek, or
tone. Tonal languages include Chinese,
Vietnamese, Lithuanian, and most Subsaharan
languages.
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ENG_C2.0605R
Rhyme, alliteration, assonance
and consonance are ways of creating
repetitive patterns of sound. They can also
carry a meaning separate from the repetitive
sound patterns created. For
example, Chaucer used heavy alliteration to
mock Old English verse and to paint a
character as archaic.
Rhyme consists of identical ("hard-rhyme") or
similar ("soft-rhyme") sounds placed at the
ends of lines or at predictable locations within
lines ("internal rhyme"). Languages vary in the
richness of their rhyming structures.
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ENG_C2.0605R
In many languages, including modern
European languages and Arabic, poets use
rhyme in set patterns as a structural
element for specific poetic forms, such as
ballads, sonnets and rhyming couplets.
However, the use of structural rhyme is
not universal even within the European
tradition. Much modern poetry avoids
traditional rhyme schemes.
Arabic language poets used rhyme
extensively from the first development of
literary Arabic in the sixth century, as in
their long, rhyming qasidas.
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Text
ENG_C2.0605R
Reading
Read the following text
A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from
the medieval French chanson balladée or ballade, which were originally
"dancing songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry
and song of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th
century. The form was often used by poets and composers from the 18th
century onwards to produce lyrical ballads. In the later 19th century the term
took on the meaning of a slow form of popular love song and is now often used
for any love song, particularly the pop or rock power ballad. The ballad derives
its name from medieval French dance songs or "ballares from which 'ballet' is
also derived, as did the alternative rival form that became the French ballade.
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Exercises
ENG_C2.0605R
Speaking
Based on the short text, talk about the
following questions.
1. What are ballads derived from?
2. What does a ballad mean in the 19th century?
3. Where does the name ballad come from?
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Vocabulary
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Aesthetic
Symbolism
Speech
Rhetoric
Repetition
11) Resonance
12) Form
13) Style
14) Technique
15) Meter
6) Verse form
7) Rhyme
8) Interpretation
9) Stylistic
10) Metaphor
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Vocabulary
Popular poetry
Dancing song
Narrative set
Verse
Characteristic of
Rhyming couplet
Set patterns
Repetitive patterns of sound
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Structural elements
Poetic traditions
Varying intonation
Intonation of a poem
Interpretation of words
Poetic diction
Layering of meanings
Forming connections
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ENG_C2.0605R
Vocabulary
Rhythm
Pattern
Intonation
Structure
Poetic lines
Ballad
Arrangement
Sonnet
Syllables
Accents
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Intonation Couplet
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Open Vocabulary
ENG_C2.0605R
Students notes vocabulary they have further questions about
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Exercises
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Writing
Answer the questions
What distinguishes poetry from other forms of writing?
a) Repetition, verse form and rhyme
b) Sound symbols
c) Symbolism
What leaves a poem open to interpretation?
a) Ambiguity and symbolism
b) Characteristics of language
c) Styles and techniques
What is rhythm?
a) What makes people move
b) The actual sound that results from a line of poetry
c) A poetic line
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Exercises
ENG_C2.0605R
Writing
Complete the sentences
Rhyme, alliteration, assonance and consonance are…
a) … ways of making structural poetry
b) … ways of creating repetitive patterns of sound
c) … rhyming structures
Rhythm and meter are…
a) … the same
b) … different
c) … different, although closely related
Meter is…
a) … prosody
b) … the pattern established for a verse
c) … while rhythm
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Exercises
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Writing
Write summary of the texts from the
previous slides.
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Exercises
ENG_C2.0605R
Writing
True or False
The use of structural rhyme is universal
a) True
b) False
A ballad is a narrative set to music
a) True
b) False
Languages vary in richness of their rhyming structures
a) True
b) False
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Exercises
ENG_C2.0605R
Speaking
Discuss your opinion
1) Is poetry difficult to understand?
2) Is poetry open to interpretation?
3) Is poetry an important part of culture?
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Exercises
ENG_C2.0605R
Speaking
Choose the correct interpretation
Ballads derive from the medieval French chanson Balladee
a) Ballad is a type of poetry that originates from dancing songs
b) Ballads are french
Assonance and Onomatopeia are used to achieve music effects
a) Assonance and Onomatopeia add nice style effects to poetry
b) Assonance and Onomatopeia are forms of poetry that create effects
Metaphor and metonymy create a resonance between images
a) Metaphor and metonymy resonate each other
b) Metaphor and metonymy are figures of speech that make connections
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ENG_C2.0605R
Exercises
Speaking
True or False
True
◻
False
◻
1.
Poetry is a very recent form of literature
2.
Poetry responds to characteristics of language
◻
◻
3.
Modern English poetry has the same rhythm
than other classical languages
◻
◻
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ENG_C2.0605R
Exercises
Speaking
Matching
ballad ◻
poetry ◻
Modern poetry ◻
arrangement ◻
assonance ◻
metaphor ◻
ballares ◻
varying ◻
rhyming ◻
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◻ stresses
◻ medieval French songs
◻ form of literature
◻ music
◻ onomatopeia
◻ traditional rhyme schemes
◻ metonymy
◻ intonation
◻ structures
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ENG_C2.0605R
Thank you
We would like to thank
the following sources for their content
Text
Poetry,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry,
Retrieved at 06.02.2015, Creative
Commons license
Ballad,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballad,
Retrieved at 06.02.2015, Creative
Commons license
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ENG_C2.0605R
Thank you
for choosing to learn
with
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