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GRADE 4 Name: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. From Earth it seems as if the Sun moves from one side to another. Earth moves around the Sun causing sunrise and sunset. Rotation of the Earth: Earth orbits around the Sun. It takes one year to go around the Sun one complete time. Earth also rotates, or spins, on its axis. It takes one day to spin around itself one complete time. Earth’s axis is not straight up and down, but tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees. The rotation is what causes the change from day to night. This tilt is responsible for having seasons. If Earth were not tilted, we would have the same season all year long. We have different seasons because Earth receives different amounts of heat and light during the year. This is because Earth moves around the Sun. The orbit of the Earth is oval. At certain times of the year Earth is further or closer to the sun. When Earth is closer to the Sun it is warmer. When it is further away, it is cooler. Winter Spring Autumn Summer © e-classroom 2015 www.e-classroom.co.za Grade 4 Term 4 Natural Science and Technology: Planet Earth and Beyond: Movement around the sun Movement around the sun GRADE 4 The movement of the Earth around the Sun in a fixed orbit is called as revolving. One full orbit around the sun is one revolution. The Earth takes 365 days or 1 year to complete one revolution. The Earth revolves around the Sun because of gravity. The Earth really rotates 365 ¼ times during each revolution. The calendar always has 365 days, after every 4 years, the earth has made one extra rotation. However, one extra day is added to the month of February once in every four years forming a leap year with 366 days. Activity 1 Draw a picture of Earth orbiting the Sun. Label your drawing and give it a heading. © e-classroom 2015 www.e-classroom.co.za Grade 4 Term 4 Natural Science and Technology: Planet Earth and Beyond: Movement around the sun Revolution of the Earth: GRADE 4 A solar system is a star surrounded by planets which circle around it. The sun is the star at the centre of our solar system. Earth is one of the eight planets that circle around the Sun. Some planets are closer to the sun and some are further away. An easy way to remember the planets My – Mercury Very – Venus Educated – Earth Mother – Mars Just – Jupiter Showed – Saturn Us – Uranus Nine – Neptune Planets – Pluto (dwarf plant) DID YOU KNOW? The earth travels through space at a speed of 30 kilometres per second. That is very fast! There used to be nine planets in our solar system. Pluto used to be one of them. Pluto was too small to be a planet. So today, Pluto is no longer considered to be one of the major planets. It is a dwarf planet. DID YOU KNOW? The four planets closest to the sun are all made of rock. The outer four planets are very large and mainly made of gas. © e-classroom 2015 www.e-classroom.co.za Grade 4 Term 4 Natural Science and Technology: Planet Earth and Beyond: Movement around the sun OUR SOLAR SYSTEM GRADE 4 Grade 4 Term 4 Natural Science and Technology: Planet Earth and Beyond: Movement around the sun Activity 2 1. Name the four planets closest to the sun. a. b. c. d. 2. Which planet is known as a dwarf planet? 3. Which is the largest planet? © e-classroom 2015 www.e-classroom.co.za GRADE 4 Memorandum Grade 4 Term 4 Natural Science and Technology: Planet Earth and Beyond: Movement around the sun Activity 2 Answers: 1. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars 2. Pluto 3. Jupiter © e-classroom 2015 www.e-classroom.co.za