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Joints and Diseases of the Skeletal System Name: Answer Key Period: ____________________ Date: ______________________ Directions Use class notes and Unit 6.4 of hardcopy book and Chapter 7.4 of electronic book to assist you in answering. Types of Joints 1. Name two locations in the human body where you would find a ball and socket joint. hip joint ands shoulder Joint 2. Name a location in the human body where you would find a hinge joint. Elbow 3. Name a location in the human body where you would find a gliding joint. Foot 4. Name a location in the human body where you would find a suture, or immovable joint. Skull 5. List and define one other joint type not discussed here and where it can be found in the human body. Saddle Joint- Found at the base of the thumb. This allows the thumb to be able to touch all the different finger pads making this joint unique to the thumb. (Answers will vary) Diseases of the Skeleton Define the following skeletal diseases, their causes, and treatments, if any. 6. arthritis: Arthritis is inflammation of one or more joints. Causes: wear and tear, infection, broken bone Treatments: exercise, rest, hot/cold compress 7. osteoarthritis: Most common form or joint disease. Cause: aging, wear and tear on joints Treatment: Can’t be Cured. However, over the counter pain relievers and rest can help control pain 8. rheumatoid arthritis: A long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding Tissues and deformities. Cause: Autoimmune disease. Treatments: medications, physical therapy, exercise, education, and possibly surgery. 9. bursitis: Iinflammation of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) that lies between a tendon and skin, or between a tendon and bone. Cause: chronic overuse, infection, trauma Treatment: rest or immobilization of the affected joint, sometimes surgery is required 10. dislocation: an injury to a joint in which the ends of your bones are forced from their normal positions. Cause: Trauma to a joint Treatment: Joint put back into place by a doctor 11. sprain: an injury to a ligament caused by tearing of the fibers of the ligament. Cause: Overextension of ligaments at a joint. Treatment: Rest and physical therapy. 12. osteomyelitis: Bone infection is most often caused by bacteria. Causes: Bacteria may spread to a bone from infected skin, muscles, or tendons next to the bone. Treatments: Antibiotics or surgery 13. osteoporosis: Causes bones to become weak or brittle by increases porosity (empty space) . Cause: occurs when the creation of new bone doesn't keep up with the removal of old bone due to lack of calcium and/or poor nutrition and lack of exercise; Treatments: No known treatment 14. ruptured disk: Occurs when all or part of a disk in the spine is forced through a weakened part of the disk Causes: Injury, overuse, or sprain Treatments: Rest, medications, and change in lifestyle 15. kyphosis: Curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back. Hunchback. Causes: Slipping of a disk, injury, congenital, and fractures Treatments: surgery, braces, and physical therapy 16. scoliosis: An abnormal curving of the spine. Causes: Generally unknown but could be due to poor posture Treatments: Braces, regular doctor checkups, and surgery 17. lordosis: An increased curving of the spine; swayback. Causes: Achondroplasia, benign juvenile lordosis Treatments: Normally not aggressively treated, rest and therapy