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Transcript
Gray Leaf Spot Severity Diagram (from P. Paul) Fusarium head blight—disease diagram (J. Engle et al) 1 Fusarium head blight—disease diagram (J. Engle et al.) Direct estimation of severity, with aid of diagrams— Soybean Rust Pictorial or graphic representation of selected levels of severity Assign a severity value to a specimen based on closeness of perceived severity of the specimen to one of the values in the diagram 2 Direct estimation of severity, with aid of diagrams—Soybean rust 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bayer Scale 0 0-2.5% 2.5-5% 5-10% 10-15% 15-25% 25-35% 35-67.5% 67.5-100% Assign a severity value to a specimen based on closeness of perceived severity of the specimen to one of the values in the diagram Typically, unequal disease class intervals; major interpolation needed; USE MID-POINT OF RANGES Direct estimation of severity, with use of a disease scale—Soybean rust “Disease Scale”: A partition of the continuous severity values from 0-100% into a finite number of classes— a “diagram” without the diagram A rater observes a specimen and assigns it a class value (typically the mid-point) Kemerait et al. (IL) 0 No disease 1 Trace to 5% infection 2 5-15% 3 15 to 35% 4 35 to 67.5% 5 67.5 to 100% Generic (see Sinclair, …) 0 No Disease (0%) 1 1-10% 2 11-20% 3 21-30% … 3 Estimation of severity using ordinal disease rating scales—Soybean rust Vuong et al. “Ordinal Rating Scale”: Ordered categories (classes) of severity “Classic (from 1923)” 0 No disease 0.75 Very slight disease 1 Slight 2 Moderate 3 Abundant 1 = No symptoms 2 = Isolated plants with very few symptoms (lesions) in the lower canopy 3 = 1 of 15 leaves with symptoms in the lower canopy 4 = Most or all plants with one or more leaves affected in the lower canopy 5 = Most or all plants with many leaves affected on plant, few leaves affected in the mid canopy 6 = Numerous lesions on most leaves in the mid canopy, limited defoliation in lower canopy 7 = Same as 6, but limited defoliation in mid canopy and severe defoliation in lower canopy 8 = Severe defoliation in mid canopy and limited defoliation in upper canopy 9 = Plants completely defoliated 4 Stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch of wheat. Liu et al. 2004. Phytopathology 94: 1061-1067. Stripe rust on wheat Australian Cereal Rust Control Program 5