Download IUCN-Green to Blue Economy

Green to Blue Economy
Green to Blue Economy
Jan Steffen
IUCN Oceania Office
Nature’s Role in the Green/Blue Economy
Pacific Islands Roundtable for Nature Conservation - 14th Annual Meeting
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IUCN’s Medium-Term Programme
Core%
Thema*c%
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3 Nature'based+
solu.ons+to++
climate+change+
4 Managing+ecosystems+
for+improved+food+
security+
5 Greening+the++
economy+
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What do we mean
when Economies are ‘Green’ ?
“A green economy generates jobs, businesses and
investments while expanding clean energy production,
increasing energy efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas
emissions, waste and pollution, and conserving water and
other natural resources.” (Pew Charitable Trusts)
“Industries that provide products or services related to
renewable energy, increased energy efficiency, clean
transportation and fuels, agriculture and natural resource
conservation, and pollution prevention or environmental
cleanup.” (Green Jobs Report)
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UNEP’s Definition(s)
A system of economic activities related to the production,
distribution and consumption of goods and services that
result in improved human well- being over the long term,
while not exposing future generations to significant
environmental risks and ecological scarcities
(UNEP 2007)
A green economy is one that results in improved human
well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing
environmental risks and ecological scarcities (UNEP 2010)
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Widening the term ?
A green economy loosely defined is any theory of economics
by which an economy is considered to be component of the
ecosystem in which it resides (after Lynn Margulis)
A resilient economy that provides a better quality of life for
all within the ecological limits of one planet.
(IUCN / Green Economy Coalition)
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Green Economy - 6 Main Sectors
Renewable Energy
Green Buildings
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• Residential & Commercial
Assessment
• Energy Efficiency Retrofits
• Water Efficiency Retrofits
• Green Products & Materials
• LEED Construction
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Wave Energy
Bio-Gas & Fuel Cells
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Green Economy - 6 Main Sectors
Clean Transportation
Water Management
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Fuels of the Future
Electric & Hybrid Cars
PEV's (personal electronic
vehicles)
Public Transportation
Rideshare & Flex Programs
Energy-efficient shipping
Water Recycling
Grey & Rainwater Systems
Low-water Landscaping
Water Purification
Stormwater Planning
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Green Economy - 6 Main Sectors
Waste Management
• Recycling & Municipal
Waste
• Salvage - 2nd Hand
• Toxics Remediation
• Brownfield Cleanup
• Sustainable Products Packaging
Natural Resource Management
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Organic Agriculture
Low-impact Aquaculture
Habitat Conservation/Restoration
Urban Forestry & Parks
Reforestation & Afforestation
Sustainable Fisheries
Soil Stabilization
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Green Economy Associated Industries
Biofuels
Biomass
Carbon capture and storage
Carbon markets and renewable energy credits
Climate change adaptation services
Distributed generation
Ecosystem services
Energy efficiency, recycling, conservation, software and controls
Energy storage, batteries and fuel cells
Geothermal energy
Green IT
Green buildings, materials and construction products
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Green Economy Associated Industries II
Green transportation technologies and green vehicles
Hydropower
Natural gas
Ocean power
REDD
Smart grid
Solar energy
Sustainable and organic agriculture, food and products
Waste management
Wastewater management
Waste-to-energy
Water and water technologies
Wind energy
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Greening the Economy ...
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Mining Sector
Tourism Sector
Health Service Sector
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... any economy
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IUCN: Placing Nature at the
Centre of a Green Economy
Building resilience
• Food, water, and energy security
• Climate change adaptation
• Natural infrastructure and ecological/
landscape restoration
• Watershed management
• Disaster risk reduction
Improving governance of natural
resources
• Locally-controlled ecosystem
management and stewardship
• Gender-sensitive approaches
• Empowerment and multi-stakeholder
processes
• Corporate accountability
Mainstreaming ecosystem values
• Eco-enterprises and markets for ecosystem goods (eco-tourism,
sustainable forestry and agriculture, NTFPs, cosmetics,
pharmaceuticals)
• Markets for ecosystem services (REDD+, watershed funds,
biodiversity offsets, IPES)
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Turning the Green Economy
into a Blue Economy...
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Initially project to find 100 of the best
nature-inspired technologies that could
affect the economies of the world
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2,231 peer review articles : 340 innovations
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‘Green Economy 2.0’ became ‘Blue Economy’
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Zero Emissions Research & Initiatives (ZERI)
founded in 1994
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Principles of The Blue Economy
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Substitute something with Nothing – question any
resource regarding its necessity for production.
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Natural systems cascade nutrients, matter and energy –
waste does not exist. Any by-product is the source for a
new product.
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Nature provides room for entrepreneurs who do more
with less. Nature is contrary to monopolization.
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Nature only works with what is locally available.
Sustainable business evolves with respect not only for
local resources, but also for culture and tradition.
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A Different Use of the Term:
‘The Pacific Blue Economy’
“The Pacific Small Island Developing States represented at
the United Nations (Pacific SIDS) are promoting the"Blue
Economy"as part of the preparations for the Rio plus 20
Conference.”
“The sustainable development of our island countries relies
on the health and vitality of the marine environment. For
the Pacific SIDS, the "green economy" is in fact a "blue
economy.”
(Marlene Moses, Ambassador to the UN, Permanent Representative,
Chair Pacific Small Island Developing States)
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Key Priorities for Pacific SIDS
“Oceans should feature prominently on the agenda for Rio+20.”
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Increasing the share of benefits that Pacific SIDS receive from
the use of their marine living resources
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Reducing overfishing beyond maximum sustainable yields,
destructive fishing practices, and illegal, unreported and
unregUlated fishing
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Building the resilience of marine ecosystems, and coral reefs
in particular, to the impacts of climate change and ocean
acidification
(Pacific SIDS contribution at 12th UNICPOLOS Meeting)
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Draft Options Paper - Delivering on the
"Blue Economy" at Rio plus 20
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Implement MPA networks to protect marine biodiversity and fish stocks.
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Improve the economic return of SIDS from fisheries agreements by making
public the details of existing and future fisheries agreements.
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Increase support and cooperation for monitoring, control, and surveillance
(MCS) of high seas (as well as EEZ) fisheries.
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Implement innovative and effective surveillance and monitoring schemes,
especially within marine protected areas (MPAs), for maritime activities,
including fisheries.
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Remove "perverse" (i.e. environmentally harmful) maritime subsidies,
particularly vessel and fuel subsidies that encourage distant water fishing.
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Nature’s Role in the Green/
Blue Economy
“A green economy generates jobs, businesses
and investments while expanding clean energy
production, increasing energy efficiency,
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, waste and
pollution, and conserving water and other
natural resources.” (Pew Charitable Trusts)
A resilient economy that provides a
better quality of life for all within
the ecological limits of one planet.
(IUCN / Green Economy Coalition)
The Blue Economy permits to respond to the basic needs
of all with what we have. As such, it stands for a new way
of designing business: using the resources available in
cascading systems, where the waste of one product
becomes the input to create a new cash flow.
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Vinaka Vakalevu
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