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American Imperialism Imperialism − The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories Spanish – American War Anti-Spanish sentiments on the island of Cuba led to a rebellion. When the Spanish military forced thousands into concentration camps, American newspapers used yellow journalism to lure readers into the situation. President McKinley sent the U.S.S. Maine to protect American lives and property. The ship was exploded and sunk, and then “Remember the Maine” became the U.S. rallying cry for intervention in Cuba. Treaty of Paris 1898 − Ended the Spanish-American war and set forth the following: • Cuba became independent • Cuba became a U.S. protectorate, which is a country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power. • U.S. gained the territories of Puerto Rico and Guam • U.S. annexed the Philippine Islands for $20 million from Spain • Gaining Puerto Rico was strategically important to the United States for maintaining a presence in the Caribbean and for protecting the canal that would be built across the Isthmus of Panama. U.S. Foreign Policy during the Age of Imperialism Open Door Policy U.S. Secretary of State John Hay called for the equal and open access to China’s coastal ports. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt believed in a West African proverb that said, “Speak softly and carry a big stick, you will go far.” The U.S. claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of the western hemisphere nations. Dollar Diplomacy The policy of President Taft to use the U.S. government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American business people. Missionary Diplomacy The policy of President Wilson states that the U.S. had a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government it viewed as oppressive, undemocratic or hostile to U.S. interests. Three foreign policy goals achieved by the United States during the early 20th century 1. Expanded its access to foreign markets to ensure continued growth of domestic economy. 2. U.S. built a modern navy to protect its interests abroad. 3. U.S. exercised its international police power to ensure American dominance in Latin America. After much effort to remain neutral, the United States was pulled into World War I due to its new connections with these foreign countries. Following the involvement in WWI, the United States entered a period of isolationism in which it withdrew from all involvement in world affairs.