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IAB-BK 12/00 5M Part No. IAE-00100 Printed in Czech Republic © 2000 Arrow International, Inc. patient information 610-378-0131 Reading, PA 19605 2400 Bernville Road Therapy Balloon Pump Intra-Aortic When You Need 2 7 After the tissues take oxygen from the blood, it is returned to the heart through the body’s plumbing, called veins. The heart, itself an organ, has arteries and veins and also receive its blood from heart pumping. The major artery (pipe) leaving the heart is the aorta (see figure). The aorta is the place the balloon of the intraaortic balloon catheter resides. There are two phases to the heart’s pumping action. A work phase, known as systole and a rest phase, known as diastole. During diastole, blood is returning to the heart. During systole, blood is exiting the heart as it pumps. How does Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy work? There must be a balance between how much oxygen supply the heart receives and how many factors place oxygen demand on the heart (workload). When the heart has too many oxygen demands and not enough supply, symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue may occur. This can result in a “heart attack” and/or the heart not being able to work hard enough to pump blood and oxygen to the entire body. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy may be initiated to maintain the balance between oxygen supply and demand on the heart. INFLATED DEFLATED Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy consists of a balloon catheter (tube) which is inserted into an artery (femoral) in your groin and pushed up into the aorta, • You will remain on bedrest for at least the next eight hours to prevent bleeding. Hospital policy varies on the amount of time you will remain on bedrest. Suppose I still have questions? It’s normal to be apprehensive about a medical procedure, especially one that’s unfamiliar. This is a stressful time for patients, family and friends. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is important to talk to your nurse or doctor about any further questions or concerns you may have. Information given in this brochure in no way supersedes established medical and hospital procedures concerning patient care. In each case, the hospital must determine whether the application of the information provided is appropriate to his/her particular setting. Additional questions you may wish to ask your doctor or nurse: 6 • If your condition allows, you may be asked to cough and deep-breathe to keep your lungs clear. You may also be asked to do simple range-of-motion exercises with the help of a clinician to minimize the effects of bedrest and immobility. • You will be kept as comfortable as possible and will be “log rolled” for repositioning. • In addition to the balloon pump, you may be on heart medications given through other catheters and attached to another machine, called a monitor. Therefore, your room may appear crowded and continuous beeping of equipment may be heard. • The length of time a person remains on balloon pump therapy varies depending on his or her condition. Removal of Balloon • When your condition improves and you are on minimal heart drug support, the rate at which the pump cycles will be decreased. This means that the balloon does not inflate and deflate as often. For example, instead of every heart beat, the balloon may inflate and deflate with every other heart beat. • You will hear a decrease in pumping. This means you are getting better, NOT that your heart is stopping. • Once you are stable, the balloon will be pulled from the groin. Continuous pressure will be applied by a clinician to the groin site for about a half hour. A bandage will be applied and perhaps a sandbag over the site for additional pressure. 3 and a machine called a balloon pump, which inflates (blows the balloon up) and deflates (lets the balloon down) the balloon. The balloon pump is a machine that shuttles a light-weight gas (helium) in and out of the balloon. The pump is set to inflate and deflate with your heartbeat. Balloon pump therapy assists your heart during both the work phase (systole) and the rest phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle. The balloon inflates during your heart’s rest phase when the heart’s vessels, known as coronary arteries are filling with blood. Balloon inflation helps to push more blood and oxygen into the coronary arteries which helps increase the oxygen supply to the heart. The balloon deflates during the work phase (systole) so your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood out, thus decreasing its workload and oxygen demands. What should you expect during your procedure? There are three stages of IABP therapy: balloon insertion, pumping the balloon, and balloon removal. Here’s what occurs during each phase. Balloon Insertion • The balloon catheter is inserted by a physician with the possible assistance of other trained personnel (nurses or specially trained technicians). • The catheter may be inserted in your room, the operating room, or you may be brought to a special catheterization lab. • You will be lying flat for the insertion and may be given medication to help you relax. Oxygen may be given if you have any difficulties with breathing. 4 5 During Pumping Notes: • The most common site used for balloon insertion is the femoral artery in the groin. This will be shaved, cleaned with a special antiseptic solution, and then covered with sterile drapes. Your body and legs will be covered as well. • You will then be given some local anesthetic to numb the insertion site. This may sting a bit. You may also feel some pressure or discomfort while the catheter is being advanced. The intraaortic balloon remains inside you • throughout your balloon pump therapy. Once the balloon catheter is in HEART place, you will not be able to feel it inside your body. AORTA • The catheter is secured in place, often KIDNEY MAJOR with stitches, VEIN at the groin and covered with a FEMORAL ARTERY bandage. • It is important that you try to INSERTION SITE remain calm, lie flat and keep your leg straight. • Medication may be prescribed by your physician to help you to remain calm. • The catheter tubing is then connected to the external machine or balloon pump, and the pump is turned on. The intra-aortic balloon is not the same thing as an angioplasty balloon. It also does not pump the heart. The heart is beating on its own. It just helps the heart by decreasing the work of the heart. What it is not. This booklet is provided to you as a reference. Your doctor and nurse are still your best sources of information. Any questions that you have should be directed to them. The information contained within this booklet will help you understand Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Therapy and how the balloon catheter will be used in your treatment. Your doctor has prescribed Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for you in order to help your heart work better. What it is. What to expect. 9 8 1 What is Intra Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy? Special instructions: • The balloon pump shuttles helium in and out of the balloon causing it to inflate and deflate. It is precisely timed with your heart rate. The pump does make a “pumping” sound. When your condition improves, the rate at which the pump cycles will decrease. You should not be alarmed when you hear a decreased amount of pumping. This just means that you are getting better. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is a medical procedure for the heart using a catheter (tube) with a balloon on the end. The intra-aortic balloon is a device that helps the heart rest so it does not have to work as hard. It is most commonly used to support the heart when cardiac drugs alone have not improved your condition. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is used to prevent or stop a heart attack or abnormal rhythms of the heart. It can also be used to help supply more blood to the heart muscle during heart procedures or during or after coronary artery bypass surgery. • You will be continually monitored by the nursing staff. The balloon pump will be operated and continually monitored by nurses or specially trained technicians. • It is important for you to report to a nurse or physician any changes in your condition, such as chest pain or heaviness in your chest, difficulty breathing, numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities. How does your heart pump blood? Your heart is a muscle and its job is to pump blood and oxygen to your entire body. A continuous supply of blood and oxygen are needed for all organs and tissues in order for them to function properly. Blood carries oxygen to the tissues. Once the tissues have taken the oxygen they need, the blood is returned to the heart. Blood circulates from the heart (pump) to the CORONARY ARTERIES tissues and organs and then back to the heart. Balloon catheter Blood leaving the positioned heart is oxygen-rich in aorta and travels through the body’s plumbing, called arteries. • You will be on bedrest and will be asked to lie flat or with your head slightly elevated with the ballooned leg straight so that the balloon may function properly. Moving can cause the catheter to kink or move out of place. This could cause the pump not to work properly or cause damage to the vessel. Call your nurse when you want to change your position so he/she may help you. • The nurse will be checking your leg frequently. This includes routine pulse checks, but it is important that you tell her/him right away if you have:(1) numbness (2) tingling or pain in your leg, chest or arms (3) if you feel dizzy, or (4) if you have a wet sticky feeling at the insertion site. AORTA IAB-BK 12/00 5M Part No. IAE-00100 Printed in Czech Republic © 2000 Arrow International, Inc. Intra-Aortic When You Need There must be a balance between how much oxygen supply the heart receives and how many factors place oxygen demand on the heart (workload). When the heart has too many oxygen demands and not enough supply, symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue may occur. This can result in a “heart attack” and/or the heart not being able to work hard enough to pump blood and oxygen to the entire body. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy may be initiated to maintain the balance between oxygen supply and demand on the heart. INFLATED DEFLATED Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy consists of a balloon catheter (tube) which is inserted into an artery (femoral) in your groin and pushed up into the aorta, 2400 Bernville Road Balloon Pump How does Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy work? Reading, PA 19605 Therapy After the tissues take oxygen from the blood, it is returned to the heart through the body’s plumbing, called veins. The heart, itself an organ, has arteries and veins and also receive its blood from heart pumping. The major artery (pipe) leaving the heart is the aorta (see figure). The aorta is the place the balloon of the intraaortic balloon catheter resides. There are two phases to the heart’s pumping action. A work phase, known as systole and a rest phase, known as diastole. During diastole, blood is returning to the heart. During systole, blood is exiting the heart as it pumps. 610-378-0131 patient information 2 7 • You will remain on bedrest for at least the next eight hours to prevent bleeding. Hospital policy varies on the amount of time you will remain on bedrest. Suppose I still have questions? It’s normal to be apprehensive about a medical procedure, especially one that’s unfamiliar. This is a stressful time for patients, family and friends. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is important to talk to your nurse or doctor about any further questions or concerns you may have. Information given in this brochure in no way supersedes established medical and hospital procedures concerning patient care. In each case, the hospital must determine whether the application of the information provided is appropriate to his/her particular setting. Additional questions you may wish to ask your doctor or nurse: 6 • If your condition allows, you may be asked to cough and deep-breathe to keep your lungs clear. You may also be asked to do simple range-of-motion exercises with the help of a clinician to minimize the effects of bedrest and immobility. • You will be kept as comfortable as possible and will be “log rolled” for repositioning. • In addition to the balloon pump, you may be on heart medications given through other catheters and attached to another machine, called a monitor. Therefore, your room may appear crowded and continuous beeping of equipment may be heard. • The length of time a person remains on balloon pump therapy varies depending on his or her condition. Removal of Balloon • When your condition improves and you are on minimal heart drug support, the rate at which the pump cycles will be decreased. This means that the balloon does not inflate and deflate as often. For example, instead of every heart beat, the balloon may inflate and deflate with every other heart beat. • You will hear a decrease in pumping. This means you are getting better, NOT that your heart is stopping. • Once you are stable, the balloon will be pulled from the groin. Continuous pressure will be applied by a clinician to the groin site for about a half hour. A bandage will be applied and perhaps a sandbag over the site for additional pressure. 3 and a machine called a balloon pump, which inflates (blows the balloon up) and deflates (lets the balloon down) the balloon. The balloon pump is a machine that shuttles a light-weight gas (helium) in and out of the balloon. The pump is set to inflate and deflate with your heartbeat. Balloon pump therapy assists your heart during both the work phase (systole) and the rest phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle. The balloon inflates during your heart’s rest phase when the heart’s vessels, known as coronary arteries are filling with blood. Balloon inflation helps to push more blood and oxygen into the coronary arteries which helps increase the oxygen supply to the heart. The balloon deflates during the work phase (systole) so your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood out, thus decreasing its workload and oxygen demands. What should you expect during your procedure? There are three stages of IABP therapy: balloon insertion, pumping the balloon, and balloon removal. Here’s what occurs during each phase. Balloon Insertion • The balloon catheter is inserted by a physician with the possible assistance of other trained personnel (nurses or specially trained technicians). • The catheter may be inserted in your room, the operating room, or you may be brought to a special catheterization lab. • You will be lying flat for the insertion and may be given medication to help you relax. Oxygen may be given if you have any difficulties with breathing. The intra-aortic balloon is not the same thing as an angioplasty balloon. It also does not pump the heart. The heart is beating on its own. It just helps the heart by decreasing the work of the heart. What it is not. This booklet is provided to you as a reference. Your doctor and nurse are still your best sources of information. Any questions that you have should be directed to them. The information contained within this booklet will help you understand Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Therapy and how the balloon catheter will be used in your treatment. Your doctor has prescribed Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for you in order to help your heart work better. What it is. What to expect. Notes: 9 4 • The most common site used for balloon insertion is the femoral artery in the groin. This will be shaved, cleaned with a special antiseptic solution, and then covered with sterile drapes. Your body and legs will be covered as well. • You will then be given some local anesthetic to numb the insertion site. This may sting a bit. You may also feel some pressure or discomfort while the catheter is being advanced. The intraaortic balloon remains inside you • throughout your balloon pump therapy. Once the balloon catheter is in HEART place, you will not be able to feel it inside your body. AORTA • The catheter is secured in place, often KIDNEY MAJOR with stitches, VEIN at the groin and covered with a FEMORAL ARTERY bandage. • It is important that you try to INSERTION SITE remain calm, lie flat and keep your leg straight. • Medication may be prescribed by your physician to help you to remain calm. • The catheter tubing is then connected to the external machine or balloon pump, and the pump is turned on. 5 During Pumping • The balloon pump shuttles helium in and out of the balloon causing it to inflate and deflate. It is precisely timed with your heart rate. The pump does make a “pumping” sound. When your condition improves, the rate at which the pump cycles will decrease. You should not be alarmed when you hear a decreased amount of pumping. This just means that you are getting better. • You will be continually monitored by the nursing staff. The balloon pump will be operated and continually monitored by nurses or specially trained technicians. • It is important for you to report to a nurse or physician any changes in your condition, such as chest pain or heaviness in your chest, difficulty breathing, numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities. • You will be on bedrest and will be asked to lie flat or with your head slightly elevated with the ballooned leg straight so that the balloon may function properly. Moving can cause the catheter to kink or move out of place. This could cause the pump not to work properly or cause damage to the vessel. Call your nurse when you want to change your position so he/she may help you. • The nurse will be checking your leg frequently. This includes routine pulse checks, but it is important that you tell her/him right away if you have:(1) numbness (2) tingling or pain in your leg, chest or arms (3) if you feel dizzy, or (4) if you have a wet sticky feeling at the insertion site. 8 Special instructions: 1 What is Intra Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy? Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is a medical procedure for the heart using a catheter (tube) with a balloon on the end. The intra-aortic balloon is a device that helps the heart rest so it does not have to work as hard. It is most commonly used to support the heart when cardiac drugs alone have not improved your condition. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is used to prevent or stop a heart attack or abnormal rhythms of the heart. It can also be used to help supply more blood to the heart muscle during heart procedures or during or after coronary artery bypass surgery. How does your heart pump blood? Your heart is a muscle and its job is to pump blood and oxygen to your entire body. A continuous supply of blood and oxygen are needed for all organs and tissues in order for them to function properly. Blood carries oxygen to the tissues. Once the tissues have taken the oxygen they need, the blood is returned to the heart. Blood circulates from the heart (pump) to the CORONARY ARTERIES tissues and organs and then back to the heart. Balloon catheter Blood leaving the positioned heart is oxygen-rich in aorta and travels through the body’s plumbing, called arteries. AORTA The intra-aortic balloon is not the same thing as an angioplasty balloon. It also does not pump the heart. The heart is beating on its own. It just helps the heart by decreasing the work of the heart. What it is not. This booklet is provided to you as a reference. Your doctor and nurse are still your best sources of information. Any questions that you have should be directed to them. The information contained within this booklet will help you understand Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Therapy and how the balloon catheter will be used in your treatment. Your doctor has prescribed Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for you in order to help your heart work better. What it is. What to expect. Notes: 9 4 • The most common site used for balloon insertion is the femoral artery in the groin. This will be shaved, cleaned with a special antiseptic solution, and then covered with sterile drapes. Your body and legs will be covered as well. • You will then be given some local anesthetic to numb the insertion site. This may sting a bit. You may also feel some pressure or discomfort while the catheter is being advanced. The intraaortic balloon remains inside you • throughout your balloon pump therapy. Once the balloon catheter is in HEART place, you will not be able to feel it inside your body. AORTA • The catheter is secured in place, often KIDNEY MAJOR with stitches, VEIN at the groin and covered with a FEMORAL ARTERY bandage. • It is important that you try to INSERTION SITE remain calm, lie flat and keep your leg straight. • Medication may be prescribed by your physician to help you to remain calm. • The catheter tubing is then connected to the external machine or balloon pump, and the pump is turned on. 5 During Pumping • The balloon pump shuttles helium in and out of the balloon causing it to inflate and deflate. It is precisely timed with your heart rate. The pump does make a “pumping” sound. When your condition improves, the rate at which the pump cycles will decrease. You should not be alarmed when you hear a decreased amount of pumping. This just means that you are getting better. • You will be continually monitored by the nursing staff. The balloon pump will be operated and continually monitored by nurses or specially trained technicians. • It is important for you to report to a nurse or physician any changes in your condition, such as chest pain or heaviness in your chest, difficulty breathing, numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities. • You will be on bedrest and will be asked to lie flat or with your head slightly elevated with the ballooned leg straight so that the balloon may function properly. Moving can cause the catheter to kink or move out of place. This could cause the pump not to work properly or cause damage to the vessel. Call your nurse when you want to change your position so he/she may help you. • The nurse will be checking your leg frequently. This includes routine pulse checks, but it is important that you tell her/him right away if you have:(1) numbness (2) tingling or pain in your leg, chest or arms (3) if you feel dizzy, or (4) if you have a wet sticky feeling at the insertion site. 8 Special instructions: 1 What is Intra Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy? Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is a medical procedure for the heart using a catheter (tube) with a balloon on the end. The intra-aortic balloon is a device that helps the heart rest so it does not have to work as hard. It is most commonly used to support the heart when cardiac drugs alone have not improved your condition. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is used to prevent or stop a heart attack or abnormal rhythms of the heart. It can also be used to help supply more blood to the heart muscle during heart procedures or during or after coronary artery bypass surgery. How does your heart pump blood? Your heart is a muscle and its job is to pump blood and oxygen to your entire body. A continuous supply of blood and oxygen are needed for all organs and tissues in order for them to function properly. Blood carries oxygen to the tissues. Once the tissues have taken the oxygen they need, the blood is returned to the heart. Blood circulates from the heart (pump) to the CORONARY ARTERIES tissues and organs and then back to the heart. Balloon catheter Blood leaving the positioned heart is oxygen-rich in aorta and travels through the body’s plumbing, called arteries. AORTA IAB-BK 12/00 5M Part No. IAE-00100 Printed in Czech Republic © 2000 Arrow International, Inc. Intra-Aortic When You Need There must be a balance between how much oxygen supply the heart receives and how many factors place oxygen demand on the heart (workload). When the heart has too many oxygen demands and not enough supply, symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue may occur. This can result in a “heart attack” and/or the heart not being able to work hard enough to pump blood and oxygen to the entire body. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy may be initiated to maintain the balance between oxygen supply and demand on the heart. INFLATED DEFLATED Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy consists of a balloon catheter (tube) which is inserted into an artery (femoral) in your groin and pushed up into the aorta, 2400 Bernville Road Balloon Pump How does Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy work? Reading, PA 19605 Therapy After the tissues take oxygen from the blood, it is returned to the heart through the body’s plumbing, called veins. The heart, itself an organ, has arteries and veins and also receive its blood from heart pumping. The major artery (pipe) leaving the heart is the aorta (see figure). The aorta is the place the balloon of the intraaortic balloon catheter resides. There are two phases to the heart’s pumping action. A work phase, known as systole and a rest phase, known as diastole. During diastole, blood is returning to the heart. During systole, blood is exiting the heart as it pumps. 610-378-0131 patient information 2 7 • You will remain on bedrest for at least the next eight hours to prevent bleeding. Hospital policy varies on the amount of time you will remain on bedrest. Suppose I still have questions? It’s normal to be apprehensive about a medical procedure, especially one that’s unfamiliar. This is a stressful time for patients, family and friends. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is important to talk to your nurse or doctor about any further questions or concerns you may have. Information given in this brochure in no way supersedes established medical and hospital procedures concerning patient care. In each case, the hospital must determine whether the application of the information provided is appropriate to his/her particular setting. Additional questions you may wish to ask your doctor or nurse: 6 • If your condition allows, you may be asked to cough and deep-breathe to keep your lungs clear. You may also be asked to do simple range-of-motion exercises with the help of a clinician to minimize the effects of bedrest and immobility. • You will be kept as comfortable as possible and will be “log rolled” for repositioning. • In addition to the balloon pump, you may be on heart medications given through other catheters and attached to another machine, called a monitor. Therefore, your room may appear crowded and continuous beeping of equipment may be heard. • The length of time a person remains on balloon pump therapy varies depending on his or her condition. Removal of Balloon • When your condition improves and you are on minimal heart drug support, the rate at which the pump cycles will be decreased. This means that the balloon does not inflate and deflate as often. For example, instead of every heart beat, the balloon may inflate and deflate with every other heart beat. • You will hear a decrease in pumping. This means you are getting better, NOT that your heart is stopping. • Once you are stable, the balloon will be pulled from the groin. Continuous pressure will be applied by a clinician to the groin site for about a half hour. A bandage will be applied and perhaps a sandbag over the site for additional pressure. 3 and a machine called a balloon pump, which inflates (blows the balloon up) and deflates (lets the balloon down) the balloon. The balloon pump is a machine that shuttles a light-weight gas (helium) in and out of the balloon. The pump is set to inflate and deflate with your heartbeat. Balloon pump therapy assists your heart during both the work phase (systole) and the rest phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle. The balloon inflates during your heart’s rest phase when the heart’s vessels, known as coronary arteries are filling with blood. Balloon inflation helps to push more blood and oxygen into the coronary arteries which helps increase the oxygen supply to the heart. The balloon deflates during the work phase (systole) so your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood out, thus decreasing its workload and oxygen demands. What should you expect during your procedure? There are three stages of IABP therapy: balloon insertion, pumping the balloon, and balloon removal. Here’s what occurs during each phase. Balloon Insertion • The balloon catheter is inserted by a physician with the possible assistance of other trained personnel (nurses or specially trained technicians). • The catheter may be inserted in your room, the operating room, or you may be brought to a special catheterization lab. • You will be lying flat for the insertion and may be given medication to help you relax. Oxygen may be given if you have any difficulties with breathing. IAB-BK 12/00 5M Part No. IAE-00100 Printed in Czech Republic © 2000 Arrow International, Inc. Intra-Aortic When You Need There must be a balance between how much oxygen supply the heart receives and how many factors place oxygen demand on the heart (workload). When the heart has too many oxygen demands and not enough supply, symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue may occur. This can result in a “heart attack” and/or the heart not being able to work hard enough to pump blood and oxygen to the entire body. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy may be initiated to maintain the balance between oxygen supply and demand on the heart. INFLATED DEFLATED Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy consists of a balloon catheter (tube) which is inserted into an artery (femoral) in your groin and pushed up into the aorta, 2400 Bernville Road Balloon Pump How does Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy work? Reading, PA 19605 Therapy After the tissues take oxygen from the blood, it is returned to the heart through the body’s plumbing, called veins. The heart, itself an organ, has arteries and veins and also receive its blood from heart pumping. The major artery (pipe) leaving the heart is the aorta (see figure). The aorta is the place the balloon of the intraaortic balloon catheter resides. There are two phases to the heart’s pumping action. A work phase, known as systole and a rest phase, known as diastole. During diastole, blood is returning to the heart. During systole, blood is exiting the heart as it pumps. 610-378-0131 patient information 2 7 • You will remain on bedrest for at least the next eight hours to prevent bleeding. Hospital policy varies on the amount of time you will remain on bedrest. Suppose I still have questions? It’s normal to be apprehensive about a medical procedure, especially one that’s unfamiliar. This is a stressful time for patients, family and friends. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is important to talk to your nurse or doctor about any further questions or concerns you may have. Information given in this brochure in no way supersedes established medical and hospital procedures concerning patient care. In each case, the hospital must determine whether the application of the information provided is appropriate to his/her particular setting. Additional questions you may wish to ask your doctor or nurse: 6 • If your condition allows, you may be asked to cough and deep-breathe to keep your lungs clear. You may also be asked to do simple range-of-motion exercises with the help of a clinician to minimize the effects of bedrest and immobility. • You will be kept as comfortable as possible and will be “log rolled” for repositioning. • In addition to the balloon pump, you may be on heart medications given through other catheters and attached to another machine, called a monitor. Therefore, your room may appear crowded and continuous beeping of equipment may be heard. • The length of time a person remains on balloon pump therapy varies depending on his or her condition. Removal of Balloon • When your condition improves and you are on minimal heart drug support, the rate at which the pump cycles will be decreased. This means that the balloon does not inflate and deflate as often. For example, instead of every heart beat, the balloon may inflate and deflate with every other heart beat. • You will hear a decrease in pumping. This means you are getting better, NOT that your heart is stopping. • Once you are stable, the balloon will be pulled from the groin. Continuous pressure will be applied by a clinician to the groin site for about a half hour. A bandage will be applied and perhaps a sandbag over the site for additional pressure. 3 and a machine called a balloon pump, which inflates (blows the balloon up) and deflates (lets the balloon down) the balloon. The balloon pump is a machine that shuttles a light-weight gas (helium) in and out of the balloon. The pump is set to inflate and deflate with your heartbeat. Balloon pump therapy assists your heart during both the work phase (systole) and the rest phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle. The balloon inflates during your heart’s rest phase when the heart’s vessels, known as coronary arteries are filling with blood. Balloon inflation helps to push more blood and oxygen into the coronary arteries which helps increase the oxygen supply to the heart. The balloon deflates during the work phase (systole) so your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood out, thus decreasing its workload and oxygen demands. What should you expect during your procedure? There are three stages of IABP therapy: balloon insertion, pumping the balloon, and balloon removal. Here’s what occurs during each phase. Balloon Insertion • The balloon catheter is inserted by a physician with the possible assistance of other trained personnel (nurses or specially trained technicians). • The catheter may be inserted in your room, the operating room, or you may be brought to a special catheterization lab. • You will be lying flat for the insertion and may be given medication to help you relax. Oxygen may be given if you have any difficulties with breathing. The intra-aortic balloon is not the same thing as an angioplasty balloon. It also does not pump the heart. The heart is beating on its own. It just helps the heart by decreasing the work of the heart. What it is not. This booklet is provided to you as a reference. Your doctor and nurse are still your best sources of information. Any questions that you have should be directed to them. The information contained within this booklet will help you understand Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Therapy and how the balloon catheter will be used in your treatment. Your doctor has prescribed Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for you in order to help your heart work better. What it is. What to expect. Notes: 9 4 • The most common site used for balloon insertion is the femoral artery in the groin. This will be shaved, cleaned with a special antiseptic solution, and then covered with sterile drapes. Your body and legs will be covered as well. • You will then be given some local anesthetic to numb the insertion site. This may sting a bit. You may also feel some pressure or discomfort while the catheter is being advanced. The intraaortic balloon remains inside you • throughout your balloon pump therapy. Once the balloon catheter is in HEART place, you will not be able to feel it inside your body. AORTA • The catheter is secured in place, often KIDNEY MAJOR with stitches, VEIN at the groin and covered with a FEMORAL ARTERY bandage. • It is important that you try to INSERTION SITE remain calm, lie flat and keep your leg straight. • Medication may be prescribed by your physician to help you to remain calm. • The catheter tubing is then connected to the external machine or balloon pump, and the pump is turned on. 5 During Pumping • The balloon pump shuttles helium in and out of the balloon causing it to inflate and deflate. It is precisely timed with your heart rate. The pump does make a “pumping” sound. When your condition improves, the rate at which the pump cycles will decrease. You should not be alarmed when you hear a decreased amount of pumping. This just means that you are getting better. • You will be continually monitored by the nursing staff. The balloon pump will be operated and continually monitored by nurses or specially trained technicians. • It is important for you to report to a nurse or physician any changes in your condition, such as chest pain or heaviness in your chest, difficulty breathing, numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities. • You will be on bedrest and will be asked to lie flat or with your head slightly elevated with the ballooned leg straight so that the balloon may function properly. Moving can cause the catheter to kink or move out of place. This could cause the pump not to work properly or cause damage to the vessel. Call your nurse when you want to change your position so he/she may help you. • The nurse will be checking your leg frequently. This includes routine pulse checks, but it is important that you tell her/him right away if you have:(1) numbness (2) tingling or pain in your leg, chest or arms (3) if you feel dizzy, or (4) if you have a wet sticky feeling at the insertion site. 8 Special instructions: 1 What is Intra Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy? Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is a medical procedure for the heart using a catheter (tube) with a balloon on the end. The intra-aortic balloon is a device that helps the heart rest so it does not have to work as hard. It is most commonly used to support the heart when cardiac drugs alone have not improved your condition. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is used to prevent or stop a heart attack or abnormal rhythms of the heart. It can also be used to help supply more blood to the heart muscle during heart procedures or during or after coronary artery bypass surgery. How does your heart pump blood? Your heart is a muscle and its job is to pump blood and oxygen to your entire body. A continuous supply of blood and oxygen are needed for all organs and tissues in order for them to function properly. Blood carries oxygen to the tissues. Once the tissues have taken the oxygen they need, the blood is returned to the heart. Blood circulates from the heart (pump) to the CORONARY ARTERIES tissues and organs and then back to the heart. Balloon catheter Blood leaving the positioned heart is oxygen-rich in aorta and travels through the body’s plumbing, called arteries. AORTA 4 5 During Pumping Notes: • The most common site used for balloon insertion is the femoral artery in the groin. This will be shaved, cleaned with a special antiseptic solution, and then covered with sterile drapes. Your body and legs will be covered as well. • You will then be given some local anesthetic to numb the insertion site. This may sting a bit. You may also feel some pressure or discomfort while the catheter is being advanced. The intraaortic balloon remains inside you • throughout your balloon pump therapy. Once the balloon catheter is in HEART place, you will not be able to feel it inside your body. AORTA • The catheter is secured in place, often KIDNEY MAJOR with stitches, VEIN at the groin and covered with a FEMORAL ARTERY bandage. • It is important that you try to INSERTION SITE remain calm, lie flat and keep your leg straight. • Medication may be prescribed by your physician to help you to remain calm. • The catheter tubing is then connected to the external machine or balloon pump, and the pump is turned on. The intra-aortic balloon is not the same thing as an angioplasty balloon. It also does not pump the heart. The heart is beating on its own. It just helps the heart by decreasing the work of the heart. What it is not. This booklet is provided to you as a reference. Your doctor and nurse are still your best sources of information. Any questions that you have should be directed to them. The information contained within this booklet will help you understand Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Therapy and how the balloon catheter will be used in your treatment. Your doctor has prescribed Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for you in order to help your heart work better. What it is. What to expect. 9 8 1 What is Intra Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy? Special instructions: • The balloon pump shuttles helium in and out of the balloon causing it to inflate and deflate. It is precisely timed with your heart rate. The pump does make a “pumping” sound. When your condition improves, the rate at which the pump cycles will decrease. You should not be alarmed when you hear a decreased amount of pumping. This just means that you are getting better. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is a medical procedure for the heart using a catheter (tube) with a balloon on the end. The intra-aortic balloon is a device that helps the heart rest so it does not have to work as hard. It is most commonly used to support the heart when cardiac drugs alone have not improved your condition. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy is used to prevent or stop a heart attack or abnormal rhythms of the heart. It can also be used to help supply more blood to the heart muscle during heart procedures or during or after coronary artery bypass surgery. • You will be continually monitored by the nursing staff. The balloon pump will be operated and continually monitored by nurses or specially trained technicians. • It is important for you to report to a nurse or physician any changes in your condition, such as chest pain or heaviness in your chest, difficulty breathing, numbness, tingling, or pain in your extremities. How does your heart pump blood? Your heart is a muscle and its job is to pump blood and oxygen to your entire body. A continuous supply of blood and oxygen are needed for all organs and tissues in order for them to function properly. Blood carries oxygen to the tissues. Once the tissues have taken the oxygen they need, the blood is returned to the heart. Blood circulates from the heart (pump) to the CORONARY ARTERIES tissues and organs and then back to the heart. Balloon catheter Blood leaving the positioned heart is oxygen-rich in aorta and travels through the body’s plumbing, called arteries. • You will be on bedrest and will be asked to lie flat or with your head slightly elevated with the ballooned leg straight so that the balloon may function properly. Moving can cause the catheter to kink or move out of place. This could cause the pump not to work properly or cause damage to the vessel. Call your nurse when you want to change your position so he/she may help you. • The nurse will be checking your leg frequently. This includes routine pulse checks, but it is important that you tell her/him right away if you have:(1) numbness (2) tingling or pain in your leg, chest or arms (3) if you feel dizzy, or (4) if you have a wet sticky feeling at the insertion site. AORTA IAB-BK 12/00 5M Part No. IAE-00100 Printed in Czech Republic © 2000 Arrow International, Inc. patient information 610-378-0131 Reading, PA 19605 2400 Bernville Road Therapy Balloon Pump Intra-Aortic When You Need 2 7 After the tissues take oxygen from the blood, it is returned to the heart through the body’s plumbing, called veins. The heart, itself an organ, has arteries and veins and also receive its blood from heart pumping. The major artery (pipe) leaving the heart is the aorta (see figure). The aorta is the place the balloon of the intraaortic balloon catheter resides. There are two phases to the heart’s pumping action. A work phase, known as systole and a rest phase, known as diastole. During diastole, blood is returning to the heart. During systole, blood is exiting the heart as it pumps. How does Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy work? There must be a balance between how much oxygen supply the heart receives and how many factors place oxygen demand on the heart (workload). When the heart has too many oxygen demands and not enough supply, symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue may occur. This can result in a “heart attack” and/or the heart not being able to work hard enough to pump blood and oxygen to the entire body. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy may be initiated to maintain the balance between oxygen supply and demand on the heart. INFLATED DEFLATED Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Therapy consists of a balloon catheter (tube) which is inserted into an artery (femoral) in your groin and pushed up into the aorta, • You will remain on bedrest for at least the next eight hours to prevent bleeding. Hospital policy varies on the amount of time you will remain on bedrest. Suppose I still have questions? It’s normal to be apprehensive about a medical procedure, especially one that’s unfamiliar. This is a stressful time for patients, family and friends. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is important to talk to your nurse or doctor about any further questions or concerns you may have. Information given in this brochure in no way supersedes established medical and hospital procedures concerning patient care. In each case, the hospital must determine whether the application of the information provided is appropriate to his/her particular setting. Additional questions you may wish to ask your doctor or nurse: 6 • If your condition allows, you may be asked to cough and deep-breathe to keep your lungs clear. You may also be asked to do simple range-of-motion exercises with the help of a clinician to minimize the effects of bedrest and immobility. • You will be kept as comfortable as possible and will be “log rolled” for repositioning. • In addition to the balloon pump, you may be on heart medications given through other catheters and attached to another machine, called a monitor. Therefore, your room may appear crowded and continuous beeping of equipment may be heard. • The length of time a person remains on balloon pump therapy varies depending on his or her condition. Removal of Balloon • When your condition improves and you are on minimal heart drug support, the rate at which the pump cycles will be decreased. This means that the balloon does not inflate and deflate as often. For example, instead of every heart beat, the balloon may inflate and deflate with every other heart beat. • You will hear a decrease in pumping. This means you are getting better, NOT that your heart is stopping. • Once you are stable, the balloon will be pulled from the groin. Continuous pressure will be applied by a clinician to the groin site for about a half hour. A bandage will be applied and perhaps a sandbag over the site for additional pressure. 3 and a machine called a balloon pump, which inflates (blows the balloon up) and deflates (lets the balloon down) the balloon. The balloon pump is a machine that shuttles a light-weight gas (helium) in and out of the balloon. The pump is set to inflate and deflate with your heartbeat. Balloon pump therapy assists your heart during both the work phase (systole) and the rest phase (diastole) of the cardiac cycle. The balloon inflates during your heart’s rest phase when the heart’s vessels, known as coronary arteries are filling with blood. Balloon inflation helps to push more blood and oxygen into the coronary arteries which helps increase the oxygen supply to the heart. The balloon deflates during the work phase (systole) so your heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood out, thus decreasing its workload and oxygen demands. What should you expect during your procedure? There are three stages of IABP therapy: balloon insertion, pumping the balloon, and balloon removal. Here’s what occurs during each phase. Balloon Insertion • The balloon catheter is inserted by a physician with the possible assistance of other trained personnel (nurses or specially trained technicians). • The catheter may be inserted in your room, the operating room, or you may be brought to a special catheterization lab. • You will be lying flat for the insertion and may be given medication to help you relax. Oxygen may be given if you have any difficulties with breathing.