Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download 1. Africa`s - Spring Branch ISD
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Chapter 18 Introduction to Africa Ch. 18:1 – Landforms & Resources shape & _____________ landforms are the result of its _____________ location 1. Africa’s _________ southern part of the ancient supercontinent of____________. Pangaea in the __________ thousands of years, North & South America, ______________, Antarctica Over ______________ India positions but Australia, and __________ drifted into their current _____________, very little present-day Africa moved ________________. plateau inland from 2. A huge_______________ covers most of Africa. It rises ___________ lowlands coast narrow ______________ along the __________. basins 3. Throughout this landform lie five huge_____________. Each one spans more than ______________ across and is up to _____________ 625 miles 5,000 feet deep. Note how little Africa has moved over millions of years. The African landscape is largely a vast interior plateau surrounded by a narrow coastal plain. Basins in Africa longest Nile 4. The world’s ____________ river, the_________, flows more than Egypt 4,000 miles through __________, Uganda Sudan, and ___________. _________ landforms are in _______________. East Africa 5. The continent’s most distinctive _____________ valleys rift valleys This area contains long, thin ____________ called__________________. lakes bottom of some of these valleys. 6. A cluster of _________ formed at the __________ Lake Tanganyika freshwater lake in the world, _____________________, the longest _______________ 420 miles and is more than ______________ 4,700 feet stretches about _____________ deep. volcanic Mount Kenya 7. Africa contains mainly _____________ mountains. ________________ & Mount Kilimanjaro Africa’s highest peak, are both _______________. volcanic __________________, Bridge spanning the Nile in Cairo Sunset on the Nile River Traditional Egyptian boat on the Nile The Great Pyramids of Giza, seen from the Nile River Along the Nile The Great Rift Valley in East Africa Small Houses in the Great Rift Valley Zebras in the Great Rift Valley Masai boys in the Great Rift Valley Mt. Kenya Rain Forest Mt. Kenya Mt. Kilimanjaro Lake Tanganyika Lake Victoria minerals richest 8. Africa’s _____________ place it among the world’s ______________ South Africa continents. For example, __________________ is the world’s largest chromium stainless steel producer of __________________, an element used in ________________. Angola offshore oil 9. Recently discovered _______________ will likely enable______________ Nigeria oil-rich to surpass _____________ as Africa’s most ______________ country. commodity in Africa. 10. After oil, __________ is the most profitable ______________ coffee Entrance to South African Diamond Mine Offshore oil drilling rig near Nigeria Grinding coffee in Ethiopia Ch. 18:2 – Climate & Vegetation Cancer between the Tropic of __________ 1. Africa lies almost entirely ___________ & the Capricorn location gives most of Africa _________, warm Tropic of ____________. This ____________ temperatures tropical ________________. desert in the world, the_____________, Sahara 2. The largest _________ stretches 3,000 miles across Africa, from the ____________ Atlantic about _____________ Ocean to the Red Sea 1,200 miles from north to __________. south ____________, and also runs ______________ under this desert lie huge stores of ______________ underground 3. Six thousand feet _________ aquifers water called____________. 90 percent of Africa lies within the__________Zone. Tropical 4. Nearly ____________ Sahara AQUIFERS Rainfall in Africa is often a matter of _____________. extremes 5. ___________ Some parts get much rain, while others parts receive too __________. little too ________ The closer equator rainy season an area is to the ___________, the longer the ____________________. Mediterranean northern & ______________ southern 6. A________________climate exists on the _____________ continent tips of the _____________. grassland Serengeti 7. Tropical _______________ covers most of Africa. _______________ Park located in north-central________________, Tanzania National _________ contains best grasslands in the ___________. world some of the ________ variety plant life 8. The rest of Africa is covered by a wide ____________ of _________________, grapes rain forests to ____________. from tropical ______________ The rain forests of Africa sit Congo Basin in the area of the________________. equator on the ____________ Climates of Africa Serengeti National Park Congo Basin animals tops of trees 9. Most _____________ in a rain forest live in the ________________, about ground canopy 150 feet ____________ above the ___________. This area is called a_____________. variety vegetation 10. All of Africa’s regions contain a ____________ of ___________________. mangrove river banks The ___________of West Africa sprouts up along _______________ in deltas breeding grounds swamps & river _________.The roots of this tree are __________________ fish for __________. mangrove Ch. 18:3 – Human-Environment Interaction shore of the ______________” desert Sahel The _____________ in Arabic means “___________ band of dry ______________ grassland west It is a narrow _________ that runs east to _________ on Sahara desert the southern edge of the ____________. Since the 1960s, the ___________ spread has ____________ into this band of dry grassland. This shift of the desert desertification which is the _______________ expansion of dry conditions is called _______________, moist Farming to ___________ areas that are next to deserts. ________________ increases land crops this process. When farmers clear __________ to plant ___________, they soil wind expose the _____________ to the __________, which can cause irrigation salt erosion _____________. In addition, ______________ increases______________ growth vegetation levels which prevent the ____________ of __________________. Desertification discovery environmental issue has to do with the _______________ Another ________________ oil in _____________ Nigeria Niger delta of ______ in 1956. Rich oil deposits in the _____________ wealthiest made Nigeria one of Africa’s _________________ countries. The damage foreign oil companies government caused by ___________________________ & the Nigerian ________________ severe oil spills has been ____________. More than 4,000 ________________have been Egypt decades recorded in Nigeria over the past _____________. _______________ faces challenges resource environmental ________________ caused by another ________________— water history ___________. Throughout ___________, Egyptians have experienced cycles droughts ____________ of floods & _____________. To solve these problems, they built Aswan High Dam, which was completed in 1970. The dam the ______________ farmers water gives ______________ a regular supply of ____________. Niger Delta, Nigeria Gas Flare in Niger Delta Oil Fields Aswan High Dam on the Nile River Abu Simbel, north of Aswan High Dam dam deposits Because of the ________, the Nile river no longer _______________ silt its rich _________ on the farmland. Now, farmers must rely on artificial fertilizers to ______________ enrich soil expensive___________________ the __________. Also, irrigation water table year-round ________________ has resulted in a rising________________ salts deep earth in Egypt. As a result, _______________ from __________ in the __________ fertility decreased the _______________ have _______________ of the soil.
