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AFRICA
AFRICA
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Plateau (upside down
pie)
Over 200 million
years ago dinosaurs
walked through this
continent
Africa and South
America were
connected at one
time
4 Regions Of Africa
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North
West
East
Central and
Southern
NORTH AFRICA
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Marked by Rocky
Mountains
Endless Stretches
of desert
Sahara Desertworld’s largest
WEST AFRICA
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Most populated
region
Grasslands
Soil is good for
farming
EAST AFRICA
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Many Mountains
and Plateaus (large
raised areas of
mostly level land)
Grasslands
Hills
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN
AFRICA
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Flat Grassland
Thick Rain Forests
Mountains
Swamps
Plateau Continent
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Elevation of land is high
Mt. Kilimanjaro is
Africa’s tallest
mountain, 19,341 feet
Coastal plains edge the
continent
Escarpment is a steep
cliff
The Great Rift Valley- a
rift is a deep trench
Africa’s Rivers
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Useful for
traveling
Cataracts-rock
filled rapids, make
it impossible for
ships to sail to sea
NILE RIVER
Longest river in the world, more
than 4,000 miles and twice the width
of the U.S.
 Excellent farmland surrounds the
Nile (overflows its banks)
 Dam water makes electricity
 Floods make fertile soil
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CONGO RIVER
Africa’s second largest river (2,900
miles)
 Flows through the rain forest
 Tributaries-small rivers and streams
that flow into larger rivers
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NIGER RIVER
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Africa’s third
largest river
Provides water for
farms in the river
valley
People make a
living catching
fish
ZAMBEZI RIVER
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Africa’s fourth largest river
Boats travel this river
Runs through six countries
Use strong current to make electricity
Plunges into a canyon, creating Victoria
Falls
Can see the mist and spray from the falls
almost 40 miles away
What Influences Climate
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Location near the
equator
How close to large
bodies of water
Major landforms
affect climate
Elevation (height
above sea level)
ESSAY QUESTION
CLIMATE IN AFRICA
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Tropical climate region
(rainy)
Usually very hot, but
not always
Some children NEVER
see rain
Deserts go years
without rain
Most places have 2
seasons of winter and
summer in Africa
Methods of Farming
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Irrigate- to
artificially water
your crops
Oasis- a place where
springs and fresh
underground water
make it possible to
support life. Usually
in areas that receive
little rainfall
Vegetation
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Tropical Rainforests-rains all the time,
trees, plants, and animals
Tropical Savannas-tall grasses, thorny
bushes, scattered trees, dry and wet
seasons
Deserts-hot and very dry,4-8 inches of
rain per year, sand everywhere
ESSAY QUESTION
Nomads
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Make their living in the
Sahara
Move around to make a
living
They are traders and herders
who hunt food
Travel to places for water
and food
Herds of goats, camels, and
sheep
No sunscreen, they use long,
loose robs
Health Problems
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Disease is
everywhere
Insects carrying
diseases
Tsetse fly-kills cattle
with a single bite and
brings the disease of
sleeping sickness to
humans