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Section
10-3
Rocks & the Rock Cycle
This section (pages 340-347) identifies three kinds of rocks and describes how they form. This
section also explains the rock cycle.
1. List the four ways the geologists classify rocks.
Color
Texture
Composition
How they form
2. List the three major groups of rocks.
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic Rock
Numbers 3-20 go in order of the reading. Spell the words correctly!
Rock
3. A solid material made up of one or more minerals or other substances,
including the remains of once-living things is called ___.
Rock forming
___ minerals.
4. The 20 common minerals that make up most of Earth’s rocks are called the
Magma
5. Igneous rocks form when ___ or lava cools and hardens.
Pressed
6. Sedimentary rock forms when particles of rock and other materials are ___
and stuck together.
Sediment
_7. Sand, gravel, and mud are examples of ___.
Erosion
___.
8. Sediment is moved from place to place on Earth’s surface by the process of
Deposition
9. Sediment is laid down in the process of ___.
Cementation
10. Two process that form rock from sediment are compaction and ___.
Clastic Rock
11. Sedimentary rock formed when pieces of rock sediments have been
pressed and stuck together is ___.
Chemical Rock 12. Sedimentary rock formed when dissolved minerals come out of a solution
is ___.
Organic Rock
13. Sedimentary rock formed from the remains of plants and animals is ___.
Heat
14. Other types of rock are changed to metamorphic rock by ___ and pressure
beneath Earth’s surface.
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Mineral
rock.
15. As metamorphic rock forms, chemical changes may change the ___ in the
Granite
16. The metamorphic rock gneiss forms from the igneous rock ___.
Changes
Earth’s crust.
17. The rock cycle is a series of process that builds, destroys and ___ rocks in
Erosion
18. In the rock cycle, water and weather wear away by the process of ___.
Cemented
19. In the rock cycle, sediments are pressed together and ___ to form
sedimentary rock.
Igneous
20. In the rock cycle the heat of Earth’s interior can melt rock. This molten
material can form new ___ rock.
True or False – write the word.
False
21. Magma that cools quickly forms igneous rock with large crystals. SMALL
True
22. Igneous rock that formed beneath Earth’s surface is intrusive rock.
False
23. Granite is extrusive rock. INTRUSIVE
True
24. Basalt is extrusive rock that makes up the ocean floor.
False
metamorphic
30. The only rock that does not form on Earth’s surface is igneous rock.
Complete the chart with the following terms:
-Igneous rock
-Metamorphic rock
-Molten material
-Sedimentary rock
26.
Igneous Rock
28.
Molten material
27.
Sedimentary Rock
29.
Metamorphic Rock