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Match the weathering types with the appropriate definition. Weathering type A. Frost wedging B. Salt wedging C. Exfoliation D. Abrasion E. Thermal expansion F. Chemical reaction G. Dissolution H. Biological Answer (letter) G D E A C F H B Definition 1. Rocks can dissolve in water (especially acidic water) from rainfall, rivers, and other sources. 2. Mechanical scraping of rocks by friction due to small particles which are transported by wind, water, glaciers, or gravity. 3. Rocks expand when they are heated (often during the daytime) and contract when they are cooled (at night), which puts stress on the rock and causes it to breakdown. 4. Water enters cracks in the rock and when the water freezers it expands and causes the cracks in the rock to grow. 5. Rocks which are buried are under pressure due to the material on top of them. When the material on top is removed, the pressure is released and the rocks and fracture parallel to the surface, causing sheets of rock to be released. 6. Rocks can undergo chemical changes, such as rust, which cause them to breakdown. 7. Microorganisms and plants can enter the cracks in rocks and grow, causing the cracks to expand. 8. Salts dissolved in water enter cracks in the rock with the water. When the water evaporates or flows out of the rock, the salts grow as solid crystals, which cause the cracks in the rock to grow. Fill in the blanks using the words in the box below. Words will not be repeated, and you will not use all of the words. Physical weathering processes cause rocks to break down without a chemical reaction occurring. One of the major physical weathering processes is abrasion, during which rocks are broken down by mechanical scraping with small moving particles in the air or water. Another physical weathering process is thermal expansion, which occurs when rocks are heated and expand in size, then cooled and contract in size. The repeated changes in size cause stress in the rocks, which causes cracks. When rocks are formed underneath the surface of the earth, they are under pressure from the material on top of them. When this material is removed, the pressure is also removed and exfoliation occurs, causing the rock to fracture and come off in sheets. Chemical weathering processes involve chemical changes. For example, many rocks dissolve in water from rain, rivers, or other sources. Rocks are especially soluble in acidic water. Weathering due to chemical reaction, such as rust, can also cause rocks to weather. Weathering can also occur when materials enter existing cracks in rocks. For example, in frost wedging water enters the cracks in rocks where it freezes and expands, causing the cracks to expand. Water can also evaporate and leave behind salt crystals, which is called salt wedging. Biological weathering processes all involve living organisms, for example, microorganisms or plant roots can become wedged in the cracks in rocks and grow, causing the cracks to grow as well. removed reaction physical expands sheets acidic roots dissolve heated biological wedging chemical weathering rivers cracks frost exfoliation crystals holes pressure contract dead abrasion living basic