Download Exercise Training Benefits on the

Exercise Training Benefits on the
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
1. The training effects are:
A) Increase in the size of the heart
B) Increased Capillarization
C) Increase in O2 extraction
D) Increase efficiency in gas exchange
2.
The increase in heart size is due to an
increase in the size of the heart cavities
(both ventricles and atria). There is also an
increase in the thickness of the walls of the
chamber, most notably the left ventricle.

Larger ventricles = more blood volume to
be pumped each beat = INCREASED STROKE
VOLUME

Greater wall thickness = stronger
contractions = greater emptying of the
ventricle = INCREASE STROKE VOLUME

Great contractility = INCREASED HR
ALL OF THE ABOVE LEAD TO INCREASES IN
CARDIAC OUTPUT
3.
When we train aerobically, our body adapts
by increasing the size of the capillary beds
(literally more capillaries) around our
muscles.
AvO2 diff (stands for arterial venous oxygen
difference) -- the amount of oxygen present
in the blood as it leaves the heart (in the
arteries) vs. the amount of oxygen remaining
in the blood as it
returns to the heart
(in the veins).
What effect would
increased capillarization
have on av o2
difference?
4.
Increased capillarization means more oxygen
can get into our muscles which means nothing if
we can’t process it.
An INCREASE in MITOCHONDRIA is another
benefit of aerobic training. This increase in
NUMBER and ACTIVITY LEVEL of mitochondria
allows our body to actually use all the extra
oxygen that we can extract due to increased
capillarization.
5. Aerobic training stimulates ERYTHROPOIESIS –
the formation of new red blood cells. This is a
huge benefit because RBC’s contain
HEMOGLOBIN, the molecule responsible for
binding to oxygen. It follows that the more RBC’s
= more hemoglobin = greater O2 volume getting to
the muscles = decreased onset of fatigue!
6.
Ventilatio
n, or breathing
becomes deeper
and faster during
exercise. At rest we have a ventilation rate of
approx. 6 L /min which can increase to 150
L/min, an increase of up to 25 times!
7. As body temperatures increase during exercise,
the body adapts by REDUCING THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF HEMOGLOBIN TO HOLD
OXYGEN. This is known as the BOHR EFFECT.
This obviously results in greater O2 extraction at
the site of the muscle and is a very beneficial
adaptation we experience as we begin to exercise!
ALTITUDE TRAINING
Altitude sickness is a illness ranging from mild
headache and weariness to a life-threatening
accumulation of fluid in the lungs or brain at
high altitude.