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Sun, Stars, HR Diagram 1. The most abundant element on the sun is A) hydrogen C) carbon 12. In the H-R diagram, 90 percent of all stars fall B) helium D) oxygen 2. Most of the radiant energy released by the sun results from the process of A) nuclear fission C) combustion B) nuclear fusion D) electrical generation 3. What celestial phenomenum most affects radio communication and other electrical atmospheric changes for us on earth? A) B) C) D) solar eclipses solar flares meteorites entering the atmosphere lunar eclipses B) 100 times D) 10,000 times 5. Which star is cooler and less luminous than the Sun? A) Proxima Centauri C) Rigel B) Pollux D) 40 Eridani B 6. Which two stars are most similar in luminosity? A) B) C) D) Betelgeuse and Barnard's Star Procyon B and Proxima Centauri Polaris and the Sun Alpha Centauri and Sirius 7. The star Algol is estimated to have approximately the same luminosity as the star Aldebaran approximately the same temperature as the Rigel. Algol is best classified as a A) main sequence star C) white dwarf star B) red giant star D) red dwarf star 8. Which list shows stars in order of increasing temperature? A) B) C) D) Barnard’s Star, Polaris, Sirius, Rigel Aldebaran, the Sun, Rigel, Procyon B Rigel, Polaris, Aldebaran, Barnard’s Star Procyon B, Alpha Centauri, Polaris, Betelgeuse 9. Which star color indicates the hottest star surface temperature? A) blue B) white C) yellow D) red 10. Compared to other stars, the sun is A) B) C) D) among the hottest stars among the smallest stars very unique about average in all respects 11. Compared to the sun a white dwarf star is A) hotter and larger C) cooler and larger B) hotter and smaller D) cooler and smaller in the Red Dwarf region. in the Supergiant region. among the White Dwarfs. on the Main Sequence. 13. Which star has the greatest size? A) Sun C) Betelgeuse B) Alpha Centauri D) Procyon 14. Compared to the sun, Polaris is A) B) C) D) 4. Approximately how many times larger is the diameter of the sun compared to the earth? A) 10 times C) 1000 times A) B) C) D) hotter and less luminous cooler and more luminous the same temperature and larger hotter and larger 15. At which phase of its evolutionary life is a white dwarf star? A) B) C) D) the late phase for small mass star the remains of a larger star's explosion in the main sequence phase early phases, soon after a star's formation 16. The probable fate of our sun is A) to expand as a red giant, undergo a nova outburst and end as a white dwarf B) to shrink to a white dwarf then eventually expand to a red giant C) become hotter and expand into a blue supergiant D) to become a black hole 17. By using a spectroscope an astronomer can A) B) C) D) measure the size of a star measure the altitude of a star identify elements in the atmosphere of a star measure the diameter of a star Sun, Stars, HR Diagram Base your answers to questions 18through 20 on the diagram below, which shows two possible sequences in the life cycle of stars, beginning with their formation from nebular gas clouds in space. 18.Stars like Earth’s Sun most likely formed directly from a A) nebula B) supernova C) red giant D) black dwarf 19. According to the diagram, a star like Earth’s Sun will eventually A) explode in a supernova C) change into a white dwarf B) become a black hole D) become a neutron star 20. According to the diagram, the life-cycle path followed by a star is determined by the star’s initial A) mass and size C) luminosity and color B) temperature and origin D) luminosity and structure Answer Key SunStars 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A