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Cold War 1. Which was a common factor in the United States 5. that caused the Red Scare following World War I and McCarthyism following World War II? A. racial tension in major cities B. signs of economic downturn C. fear of communist expansion D. the counterculture movement 2. Following World War II, France attempted to reestablish control over its colony, Indochina, which included Vietnam. Leaders of the Vietminh, a communist-supported independence movement in Vietnam, fought against France’s efforts to retake the colony. The United States viewed this conflict as part of the Cold War and aided France. This U.S. action was based on which policy? A. a policy of opposing colonialism B. a policy of helping Japan rebuild its economy C. a policy of containing the spread of communism D. a policy of participating in United Nations’ peacekeeping efforts 3. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was partly the result of the expansion of the Soviet Union in Central and Eastern Europe as World War II ended. Describe one U.S. concern about the Soviet Union’s domination of Central and Eastern Europe after 1945. Cite a relevant action taken by the United States in response to the identified concern. Write your answer in the Answer Document. (4 points) 4. After World War II, Germany was divided into two nations, East Germany and West Germany. Though they remained politically divided for over forty years, the people of these two nations shared a common cultural heritage. Which action was influenced by this cultural heritage? A. West Germany joined NATO in 1955. B. East Germany joined the Warsaw Pact in 1955. C. The people of East Germany supported reunification with West Germany. D. The people of West Germany supported withdrawing from the United Nations. Which factor helped lead to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union? A. differing intentions between the two nations for the political and economic rebuilding of Eastern Europe after World War II B. the lack of U.S. aid to the Soviet Union under the Lend-Lease Program during World War II C. both nations being members of the United Nations Security Council after World War II D. uneven prosperity between the two nations after the Great Depression 6. The use of atomic weapons at the end of World War II fostered fears about their potential use during the Cold War years. These fears were critical in determining the U.S. response to A. the Marshall Plan. B. the Berlin Blockade. C. the Cuban Missile Crisis. D. the independence movement in India. 7. Which factor contributed to increased migration of people among regions of the United States in the second half of the 20th century? A. new restrictions on immigration from Asia B. increases in the number of small family farms C. the construction of the Interstate Highway system D. increased immigration from Northern and Western Europe 8. In 1959, rebel forces led by Fidel Castro overthrew the government of Cuba. Castro’s communist dictatorship seized privately owned farms and factories. People who spoke out against the government were imprisoned. From the 1960s through the 1980s, many people fled from Cuba to the United States. Based on these conditions, the reasons for this migration were A. health concerns. B. economic concerns. C. environmental concerns. D. racial concerns. 9. During the years between 1945 and 1950, the period directly following World War II, the Soviet Union expanded its influence in Central and Eastern Europe. • Describe two concerns the United States had about this expansion. • For each concern, identify a related action taken by the United States to counter Soviet activities in Europe during this time period. Write your answer in the Answer Document. (4 points) 10. In the years following World War II, the countries of communist Eastern Europe were often referred to as being “behind the iron curtain.” These countries were perceived as a single region based on A. a common cultural heritage. B. unique physical features. C. economic and political characteristics. D. widespread immigration from other regions. 11. Beginning in the late 19th century, many Jewish people immigrated to Palestine in the hope of eventually establishing a Jewish state. In 1948, Israel became an independent country. In the following years, Arab and Israeli armies fought several wars. A major reason for this conflict was that Arab countries A. feared Israeli urbanization would ruin their agriculture. B. believed Israel was created on lands belonging to Palestinians. C. believed Israel supported the Soviet Union in the Cold War. D. were angered by the refusal of Israel to enter into trade agreements. 12. Following World War I, Great Britain was given a mandate (order) by the League of Nations to govern Palestine. Jewish immigration to Palestine greatly increased during the 1930s and 1940s. Violence erupted between Palestinian Arabs and Jewish people. Unable to resolve the conflict, Britain turned the problem over to the United Nations. The maps on the previous page show changes to this region as a result of the U.N. Partition Plan of 1947. According to the maps, how did the U.N. Partition Plan propose to prevent further violence between Palestinian Arabs and Jewish people? A. The physical features of the region were used to separate the Jewish people from the Palestinian Arabs. B. An economic union was created that made the Jewish people and thePalestinian Arabs dependent on each other. C. Two political regions were created in order to divide the control of Palestine between the Jewish people and the Palestinian Arabs. D. Palestine was placed under the jurisdiction of the United Nations, and its boundaries were redrawn to include Jewish people and Palestinian Arabs. 13. Following World War II, the Soviet Union dominated the countries of Eastern Europe. Forty years later, the Soviet bloc disintegrated, and the Soviet Union broke apart as well. These later events led to A. struggles for political control in countries formerly under the control of the Soviet Union. B. the Chinese Communist Revolution. C. renewed conflict between Israel and its neighbors. D. the dismantling of the NATO alliance. 14. At the end of World War II, Soviet armies liberated the countries of Eastern Europe from Nazi Germany. The occupation of these countries by the Soviet Union contributed to the development of the Cold War by A. contributing to conflict in the Middle East. B. bringing about the reunification of Germany. C. strengthening the authority of the United Nations. D. dividing Europe into communist and noncommunist spheres.