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Decline of the Soviet Union Chapter 28-S1 Cold War to Post War By 1970’s the U.S. was in a new phase: Détente- relaxed tensions and improved relations between U.S. and S.U. Example: We began to trade grain & consumer goods to the S.U. This relaxation period would soon be over by 1979. The Cold War Intensifies Relations did not remain relaxed- Why? S.U. invaded Afghanistan to restore a proSoviet regime. Jimmy Carter cancelled U.S. participation in the 1980 Olympics & placed an embargo on American grains to S.U. After 1980 election; Ronald Regan calls the S.U. and “evil empire” and begins military buildup and a new arms race. Also sends aid to the Afghan rebels to prevent S.U. takeover. Jimmy Carter and Ronald Regan End of Cold War New Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985 brings “New Thinking” and dramatic end to Cold War. Agreed to eliminate intermediate range missiles Economic and internal reforms- hoped by reducing military expenses both the U.S. and S.U. could focus on domestic affairs. Refused military support to Eastern European Communist countries. End of Cold War Many countries in Eastern Europe were now able to overthrow Communist governments through mostly peaceful revolutions in 1989. Germany is reunified on October 3, 1990. By 1991 the Soviet Union was dissolved. The United States and Soviet Union saw renewal of rivalry almost impossible. Soviet Union prior to end of Cold War 3 Republics of the S.U.- Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania became independent states in 1991 followed by the independence of 12 more countries that same year. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snsdDb 7KDkg