Download The Six Classes of Nutrients and Their Functions

The Six Classes of Nutrients and Their Functions
Nutrients are chemicals found in foods that are essential to human growth and function.
There are six classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water.
All six have certain functions that target a different body part, and together, they ensure the
state of our overall health. Some of the different functions of some nutrients are listed below in
more detail:
Carbohydrates, Fats and Proteins
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are listed in one category because they are called
macro-nutrients, meaning they are needed in large amounts. This is because you get most of
your energy from foods that contain carbohydrates, fats or proteins and the energy we need for
basic functioning and physical activity also comes from these nutrients. Carbohydrates are the
primary source of fuel for our bodies, especially for our brain and during physical activity. On the
other hand, fats are an important energy source when our bodies are at rest and during
low-intensity exercises. Proteins support the growth, repair and maintenance of tissues. The
following are the foods that contain good sources of carbohydrates, fats and proteins:
- Carbohydrates: vegetables, whole wheat pasta, whole grain bread
- Fats: oils such as vegetable, canola and flaxseed
- Proteins: fish, legumes, nuts
Vitamins
Vitamins are an essential nutrient because they build and maintain healthy bones and muscle
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The Six Classes of Nutrients and Their Functions
tissue. They also support our immune system, maintain the health of our blood, and ensure
healthy vision. Vitamins are micro-nutrients, meaning they are needed in small amounts to
sustain our normal health and body functions. Some examples of common vitamins are Vitamin
C and K, and the many B Vitamins.
Minerals
Minerals assist in the regulation of many body functions, some of which involve regulating fluids
and producing energy and health of our bones and blood. This nutrient also helps rid our body
of harmful byproducts of metabolism. Some examples of well-known minerals are calcium,
potassium, sodium and iron.
Water
Water is one of the most important nutrients mainly because it is extremely important for our
survival. Water is also critical because it assists in the regulation of nerve impulses, the
excretion of waste products, muscle contractions and nutrient transport. We consume water in
solid forms such as fruits and vegetables as well as in liquid form such as juices and soups.
Drinking eight to ten glasses of water will ensure that all the above body functions are carried
out properly.
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