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*Add to Science Notebook Name____________________ 1 Mollusks Ch. 13, pgs. 364-368 Characteristics of Mollusks *Mollusks have ____________________. *Most mollusks live in water, but some live on land. *Examples of mollusks are______________, ____________, and _____________. General Body Plan *All mollusks have a layer of tissue called the_____________. *A ____________is thin layer of tissue that covers a mollusks body organs; secretes the shell or protects the body of mollusks without shells. *The shell is made up of several layers. The inside layer is the smoothest and thickest layer of the shell. *Between the soft body and the mantle is a space called the________________. *The mantle cavity contains ___________-the organs in which carbon dioxide from the mollusk is exchanged for oxygen in the water. *Mollusks have an_____________________________, which means the organs in which carbon dioxide from the mollusk is exchanged for oxygen in the water. *Mollusks have a well developed head with a mouth and some sensory organs. *On the underside of a mollusk is the ___________________, which is used for movement. Classification of Mollusks *Three most common groups of mollusks are __________, __________, and______________. Gastropods Gastropods Body Plan *All Gastropods except for slugs have a ___________________. *Many have a pair of tentacles with eyes at the tips. *Gastropods use a____________—a tongue like organ with rows of teeth—to obtain food. Gastropod Characteristics *Slugs and many snails are adapted to life on land. *They move by the contractions of their__________________. *Slugs and snails are most active at night or on cloudy days. *Slugs are protected by a _____________while snails are protected by a _______. *Slugs and land snails eat plant leaves and stems. Bivalves Bivalves Body Plan *Add to Science Notebook Name____________________ 2 *_______________ are mollusks that have a hinged two-part shell joined by strong muscles. *Bivalves pull their shell closed by contracting powerful muscles near the hinge. *To open the shell, they relax their muscles. Bivalve Adaptations *Bivalves are adapted to live in water. *Clams burrow deep into the sand by moving their muscular foot. *Mussels and oysters attach themselves with a strong thread or cement to a solid surface. Scallops escape predators by rapidly opening and closing their shells. Cephalopods *Cephalopods are the most specialized and complex mollusks. *Cephalopods include: ____________, ____________________, _____________, and _______________________. Cephalopods Body Plan *The word cephalopod means “____________”. -Cephalopods have a well developed head. -Their foot is divided into many tentacles with strong suction cups or hooks for capturing prey. *Squids and octopi have a well-developed nervous system and large eyes. *Unlike other mollusks, cephalopods have a____________________________. -In a closed circulatory system, blood containing food and oxygen moves through the body in a series of closed vessels. Cephalopod Characteristics *All cephalopods are___________. *They feed on______________, _________________, ___________, and _____________________________. Cephalopod Propulsion *All cephalopods live in the ocean and are adapted to swimming. *Squid and other cephalopods have a __________________between ________________________and its_________________________. *When a cephalopod tightens its muscular covering, water is forced out through an opening near the head. *The jet of water propels the cephalopod __________________and it moves away quickly. *Add to Science Notebook Name____________________ 3 Value of Mollusks *Mollusks are used for food. *Hermit crabs use empty mollusk shells for shelter. *Mollusk shells are used for jewelry and decoration. *Mollusk shells also provide information about the conditions in an ecosystem. Mollusk Problems *Land slugs and snails damage plants. *Certain species of snails are host to human parasites. *Shipworms make holes in submerged boats. *Mollusks can filter bad bacteria. Eating these mollusks can cause food poisoning.